Tear antibodies to SARS‐CoV‐2: implications for transmission

Abstract Objectives SARS‐CoV‐2 can be transmitted by aerosols, and the ocular surface may be an important route of transmission. Little is known about protective antibody responses to SARS‐CoV‐2 in tears after infection or vaccination. We analysed the SARS‐CoV‐2‐specific IgG and IgA responses in hum...

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Autores principales:	Kevin J Selva, Samantha K Davis, Ebene R Haycroft, Wen Shi Lee, Ester Lopez, Arnold Reynaldi, Miles P Davenport, Helen E Kent, Jennifer A Juno, Amy W Chung, Stephen J Kent
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Wiley 2021
Materias:	antibodies COVID‐19 neutralisation saliva SARS‐CoV‐2 tears Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/0dcabd136d5f4092a7816b36c8cabccb
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:0dcabd136d5f4092a7816b36c8cabccb2021-11-25T13:32:30ZTear antibodies to SARS‐CoV‐2: implications for transmission2050-006810.1002/cti2.1354https://doaj.org/article/0dcabd136d5f4092a7816b36c8cabccb2021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1002/cti2.1354https://doaj.org/toc/2050-0068Abstract Objectives SARS‐CoV‐2 can be transmitted by aerosols, and the ocular surface may be an important route of transmission. Little is known about protective antibody responses to SARS‐CoV‐2 in tears after infection or vaccination. We analysed the SARS‐CoV‐2‐specific IgG and IgA responses in human tears after either COVID‐19 infection or vaccination. Methods We measured the antibody responses in 16 subjects with COVID‐19 infection for an average of 7 months before, and 15 subjects before and 2 weeks post‐Comirnaty (Pfizer‐BioNtech) vaccination. Plasma, saliva and basal tears were collected. Eleven pre‐pandemic individuals were included as healthy controls. Results IgG antibodies to spike and nucleoprotein were detected in tears, saliva and plasma from subjects with prior SARS‐CoV‐2 infection in comparison with uninfected controls. While receptor‐binding domain (RBD)‐specific antibodies were detected in plasma, minimal RBD‐specific antibodies were detected in tears and saliva. By contrast, high levels of IgG antibodies to spike and RBD, but not nucleoprotein, were induced in tears, saliva and plasma of subjects receiving 2 doses of the Comirnaty vaccine. Increased levels of IgA1 and IgA2 antibodies to SARS‐CoV‐2 antigens were detected in plasma following infection or vaccination but were unchanged in tears and saliva. Comirnaty vaccination induced high neutralising Abs in the plasma, but limited neutralising antibodies were detected in saliva or tears. Conclusion Both infection and vaccination induce SARS‐CoV‐2‐specific IgG antibodies in tears. RBD‐specific IgG antibodies in tears were induced by vaccination but were not present 7 months post‐infection. This suggests the neutralising antibodies may be low in the tears late following infection.Kevin J SelvaSamantha K DavisEbene R HaycroftWen Shi LeeEster LopezArnold ReynaldiMiles P DavenportHelen E KentJennifer A JunoAmy W ChungStephen J KentWileyarticleantibodiesCOVID‐19neutralisationsalivaSARS‐CoV‐2tearsImmunologic diseases. AllergyRC581-607ENClinical & Translational Immunology, Vol 10, Iss 11, Pp n/a-n/a (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	antibodies COVID‐19 neutralisation saliva SARS‐CoV‐2 tears Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607
spellingShingle	antibodies COVID‐19 neutralisation saliva SARS‐CoV‐2 tears Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607 Kevin J Selva Samantha K Davis Ebene R Haycroft Wen Shi Lee Ester Lopez Arnold Reynaldi Miles P Davenport Helen E Kent Jennifer A Juno Amy W Chung Stephen J Kent Tear antibodies to SARS‐CoV‐2: implications for transmission
description	Abstract Objectives SARS‐CoV‐2 can be transmitted by aerosols, and the ocular surface may be an important route of transmission. Little is known about protective antibody responses to SARS‐CoV‐2 in tears after infection or vaccination. We analysed the SARS‐CoV‐2‐specific IgG and IgA responses in human tears after either COVID‐19 infection or vaccination. Methods We measured the antibody responses in 16 subjects with COVID‐19 infection for an average of 7 months before, and 15 subjects before and 2 weeks post‐Comirnaty (Pfizer‐BioNtech) vaccination. Plasma, saliva and basal tears were collected. Eleven pre‐pandemic individuals were included as healthy controls. Results IgG antibodies to spike and nucleoprotein were detected in tears, saliva and plasma from subjects with prior SARS‐CoV‐2 infection in comparison with uninfected controls. While receptor‐binding domain (RBD)‐specific antibodies were detected in plasma, minimal RBD‐specific antibodies were detected in tears and saliva. By contrast, high levels of IgG antibodies to spike and RBD, but not nucleoprotein, were induced in tears, saliva and plasma of subjects receiving 2 doses of the Comirnaty vaccine. Increased levels of IgA1 and IgA2 antibodies to SARS‐CoV‐2 antigens were detected in plasma following infection or vaccination but were unchanged in tears and saliva. Comirnaty vaccination induced high neutralising Abs in the plasma, but limited neutralising antibodies were detected in saliva or tears. Conclusion Both infection and vaccination induce SARS‐CoV‐2‐specific IgG antibodies in tears. RBD‐specific IgG antibodies in tears were induced by vaccination but were not present 7 months post‐infection. This suggests the neutralising antibodies may be low in the tears late following infection.
format	article
author	Kevin J Selva Samantha K Davis Ebene R Haycroft Wen Shi Lee Ester Lopez Arnold Reynaldi Miles P Davenport Helen E Kent Jennifer A Juno Amy W Chung Stephen J Kent
author_facet	Kevin J Selva Samantha K Davis Ebene R Haycroft Wen Shi Lee Ester Lopez Arnold Reynaldi Miles P Davenport Helen E Kent Jennifer A Juno Amy W Chung Stephen J Kent
author_sort	Kevin J Selva
title	Tear antibodies to SARS‐CoV‐2: implications for transmission
title_short	Tear antibodies to SARS‐CoV‐2: implications for transmission
title_full	Tear antibodies to SARS‐CoV‐2: implications for transmission
title_fullStr	Tear antibodies to SARS‐CoV‐2: implications for transmission
title_full_unstemmed	Tear antibodies to SARS‐CoV‐2: implications for transmission
title_sort	tear antibodies to sars‐cov‐2: implications for transmission
publisher	Wiley
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/0dcabd136d5f4092a7816b36c8cabccb
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Tear antibodies to SARS‐CoV‐2: implications for transmission

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