Continuation of the genetic divergence of ecological speciation by spatial environmental heterogeneity in island endemic plants

Abstract Divergent selection plays a critical role not only as a speciation driver but also in maintaining post-speciation divergence. In the absence of direct evidence, ancestral interspecific gene flow between incipient species can reflect ancient selective pressure for ecological speciation. In t...

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Autores principales:	Bing-Hong Huang, Chih-Wei Huang, Chia-Lung Huang, Pei-Chun Liao
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2017
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/0e3ad7b1be3a477ea5d08f43bbc0eae8
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:0e3ad7b1be3a477ea5d08f43bbc0eae82021-12-02T16:06:42ZContinuation of the genetic divergence of ecological speciation by spatial environmental heterogeneity in island endemic plants10.1038/s41598-017-05900-12045-2322https://doaj.org/article/0e3ad7b1be3a477ea5d08f43bbc0eae82017-07-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-05900-1https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Divergent selection plays a critical role not only as a speciation driver but also in maintaining post-speciation divergence. In the absence of direct evidence, ancestral interspecific gene flow between incipient species can reflect ancient selective pressure for ecological speciation. In the present study, two late-Pleistocene diverged species endemic to Taiwan, Scutellaria playfairii and S. tashiroi, were spatially and ecologically partitioned with partial overlap. Multilocus genome-scan analyses and in silico evaluation revealed ancestral interspecific gene flow but distinct genetic compositions, implying that adaptive divergence contributed to their speciation. Ecological niche modeling and principal component analysis suggested incomplete divergent niches between the two species; the species distribution is therefore consistent with Hutchinson’s metaphor of multidimensional hypervolume niches rather than attributable to a single factor. Constraint ordination analysis supported this inference of a combination of variables explaining the genetic structure. The rare occurrence of hybrids in the sympatric population suggested hybrid breakdown, providing further evidence of divergent selection blocking gene flow. The correlation of environmental variables with integrated genetic components demonstrated that environmental heterogeneity maintains the species and population differentiation. This study highlights the importance of environmental heterogeneity and divergent selection for the rapid speciation and recent diversification of island plants.Bing-Hong HuangChih-Wei HuangChia-Lung HuangPei-Chun LiaoNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 7, Iss 1, Pp 1-13 (2017)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Bing-Hong Huang Chih-Wei Huang Chia-Lung Huang Pei-Chun Liao Continuation of the genetic divergence of ecological speciation by spatial environmental heterogeneity in island endemic plants
description	Abstract Divergent selection plays a critical role not only as a speciation driver but also in maintaining post-speciation divergence. In the absence of direct evidence, ancestral interspecific gene flow between incipient species can reflect ancient selective pressure for ecological speciation. In the present study, two late-Pleistocene diverged species endemic to Taiwan, Scutellaria playfairii and S. tashiroi, were spatially and ecologically partitioned with partial overlap. Multilocus genome-scan analyses and in silico evaluation revealed ancestral interspecific gene flow but distinct genetic compositions, implying that adaptive divergence contributed to their speciation. Ecological niche modeling and principal component analysis suggested incomplete divergent niches between the two species; the species distribution is therefore consistent with Hutchinson’s metaphor of multidimensional hypervolume niches rather than attributable to a single factor. Constraint ordination analysis supported this inference of a combination of variables explaining the genetic structure. The rare occurrence of hybrids in the sympatric population suggested hybrid breakdown, providing further evidence of divergent selection blocking gene flow. The correlation of environmental variables with integrated genetic components demonstrated that environmental heterogeneity maintains the species and population differentiation. This study highlights the importance of environmental heterogeneity and divergent selection for the rapid speciation and recent diversification of island plants.
format	article
author	Bing-Hong Huang Chih-Wei Huang Chia-Lung Huang Pei-Chun Liao
author_facet	Bing-Hong Huang Chih-Wei Huang Chia-Lung Huang Pei-Chun Liao
author_sort	Bing-Hong Huang
title	Continuation of the genetic divergence of ecological speciation by spatial environmental heterogeneity in island endemic plants
title_short	Continuation of the genetic divergence of ecological speciation by spatial environmental heterogeneity in island endemic plants
title_full	Continuation of the genetic divergence of ecological speciation by spatial environmental heterogeneity in island endemic plants
title_fullStr	Continuation of the genetic divergence of ecological speciation by spatial environmental heterogeneity in island endemic plants
title_full_unstemmed	Continuation of the genetic divergence of ecological speciation by spatial environmental heterogeneity in island endemic plants
title_sort	continuation of the genetic divergence of ecological speciation by spatial environmental heterogeneity in island endemic plants
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2017
url	https://doaj.org/article/0e3ad7b1be3a477ea5d08f43bbc0eae8
work_keys_str_mv	AT binghonghuang continuationofthegeneticdivergenceofecologicalspeciationbyspatialenvironmentalheterogeneityinislandendemicplants AT chihweihuang continuationofthegeneticdivergenceofecologicalspeciationbyspatialenvironmentalheterogeneityinislandendemicplants AT chialunghuang continuationofthegeneticdivergenceofecologicalspeciationbyspatialenvironmentalheterogeneityinislandendemicplants AT peichunliao continuationofthegeneticdivergenceofecologicalspeciationbyspatialenvironmentalheterogeneityinislandendemicplants
_version_	1718384884827815936

Continuation of the genetic divergence of ecological speciation by spatial environmental heterogeneity in island endemic plants

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