Beyond words: From jaguar population trends to conservation and public policy in Mexico.
The jaguar (Panthera onca) is one of the most threatened carnivores in the Americas. Despite a long history of research on this charismatic species, to date there have been few systematic efforts to assess its population size and status in most countries across its distribution range. We present her...
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oai:doaj.org-article:0e3cee0e2456431e8dc85fad9dcdd22d2021-12-02T20:17:19ZBeyond words: From jaguar population trends to conservation and public policy in Mexico.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0255555https://doaj.org/article/0e3cee0e2456431e8dc85fad9dcdd22d2021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0255555https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203The jaguar (Panthera onca) is one of the most threatened carnivores in the Americas. Despite a long history of research on this charismatic species, to date there have been few systematic efforts to assess its population size and status in most countries across its distribution range. We present here the results of the two National Jaguar Surveys for Mexico, the first national censuses in any country within the species distribution. We estimated jaguar densities from field data collected at 13 localities in 2008-2010 (2010 hereafter) and 11 localities in 2016-2018 (2018 hereafter). We used the 2010 census results as the basis to develop a National Jaguar Conservation Strategy that identified critical issues for jaguar conservation in Mexico. We worked with the Mexican government to implement the conservation strategy and then evaluated its effectivity. To compare the 2010 and 2018 results, we estimated the amount of jaguar-suitable habitat in the entire country based on an ecological niche model for both periods. Suitable jaguar habitat covered ~267,063 km2 (13.9% of the country's territory) in 2010 and ~ 288,890 km2 (~14.8% of the country's territory) in 2018. Using the most conservative density values for each priority region, we estimated jaguar densities for both the high and low suitable habitats. The total jaguar population was estimated in ~4,000 individuals for 2010 census and ~4,800 for the 2018 census. The Yucatan Peninsula was the region with the largest population, around 2000 jaguars, in both censuses. Our promising results indicate that the actions we proposed in the National Jaguar Conservation Strategy, some of which have been implemented working together with the Federal Government, other NGO's, and land owners, are improving jaguar conservation in Mexico. The continuation of surveys and monitoring programs of the jaguar populations in Mexico will provide accurate information to design and implement effective, science-based conservation measures to try to ensure that robust jaguar populations remain a permanent fixture of Mexico's natural heritage.Gerardo CeballosHeliot ZarzaJosé F González-MayaJ Antonio de la TorreAndrés Arias-AlzateCarlos AlcerrecaHoracio V BarcenasGerardo Carreón-ArroyoCuauhtémoc ChávezCarlos CruzDaniela MedellínAndres GarcíaMarco Antonio-GarcíaMarco A Lazcano-BarreroRodrigo A MedellínOscar Moctezuma-OrozcoFernando RuizYamel RubioVictor H LujaErik Joaquín Torres-RomeroPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 10, p e0255555 (2021) |
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Medicine R Science Q Gerardo Ceballos Heliot Zarza José F González-Maya J Antonio de la Torre Andrés Arias-Alzate Carlos Alcerreca Horacio V Barcenas Gerardo Carreón-Arroyo Cuauhtémoc Chávez Carlos Cruz Daniela Medellín Andres García Marco Antonio-García Marco A Lazcano-Barrero Rodrigo A Medellín Oscar Moctezuma-Orozco Fernando Ruiz Yamel Rubio Victor H Luja Erik Joaquín Torres-Romero Beyond words: From jaguar population trends to conservation and public policy in Mexico. |
| description |
The jaguar (Panthera onca) is one of the most threatened carnivores in the Americas. Despite a long history of research on this charismatic species, to date there have been few systematic efforts to assess its population size and status in most countries across its distribution range. We present here the results of the two National Jaguar Surveys for Mexico, the first national censuses in any country within the species distribution. We estimated jaguar densities from field data collected at 13 localities in 2008-2010 (2010 hereafter) and 11 localities in 2016-2018 (2018 hereafter). We used the 2010 census results as the basis to develop a National Jaguar Conservation Strategy that identified critical issues for jaguar conservation in Mexico. We worked with the Mexican government to implement the conservation strategy and then evaluated its effectivity. To compare the 2010 and 2018 results, we estimated the amount of jaguar-suitable habitat in the entire country based on an ecological niche model for both periods. Suitable jaguar habitat covered ~267,063 km2 (13.9% of the country's territory) in 2010 and ~ 288,890 km2 (~14.8% of the country's territory) in 2018. Using the most conservative density values for each priority region, we estimated jaguar densities for both the high and low suitable habitats. The total jaguar population was estimated in ~4,000 individuals for 2010 census and ~4,800 for the 2018 census. The Yucatan Peninsula was the region with the largest population, around 2000 jaguars, in both censuses. Our promising results indicate that the actions we proposed in the National Jaguar Conservation Strategy, some of which have been implemented working together with the Federal Government, other NGO's, and land owners, are improving jaguar conservation in Mexico. The continuation of surveys and monitoring programs of the jaguar populations in Mexico will provide accurate information to design and implement effective, science-based conservation measures to try to ensure that robust jaguar populations remain a permanent fixture of Mexico's natural heritage. |
| format |
article |
| author |
Gerardo Ceballos Heliot Zarza José F González-Maya J Antonio de la Torre Andrés Arias-Alzate Carlos Alcerreca Horacio V Barcenas Gerardo Carreón-Arroyo Cuauhtémoc Chávez Carlos Cruz Daniela Medellín Andres García Marco Antonio-García Marco A Lazcano-Barrero Rodrigo A Medellín Oscar Moctezuma-Orozco Fernando Ruiz Yamel Rubio Victor H Luja Erik Joaquín Torres-Romero |
| author_facet |
Gerardo Ceballos Heliot Zarza José F González-Maya J Antonio de la Torre Andrés Arias-Alzate Carlos Alcerreca Horacio V Barcenas Gerardo Carreón-Arroyo Cuauhtémoc Chávez Carlos Cruz Daniela Medellín Andres García Marco Antonio-García Marco A Lazcano-Barrero Rodrigo A Medellín Oscar Moctezuma-Orozco Fernando Ruiz Yamel Rubio Victor H Luja Erik Joaquín Torres-Romero |
| author_sort |
Gerardo Ceballos |
| title |
Beyond words: From jaguar population trends to conservation and public policy in Mexico. |
| title_short |
Beyond words: From jaguar population trends to conservation and public policy in Mexico. |
| title_full |
Beyond words: From jaguar population trends to conservation and public policy in Mexico. |
| title_fullStr |
Beyond words: From jaguar population trends to conservation and public policy in Mexico. |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Beyond words: From jaguar population trends to conservation and public policy in Mexico. |
| title_sort |
beyond words: from jaguar population trends to conservation and public policy in mexico. |
| publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| publishDate |
2021 |
| url |
https://doaj.org/article/0e3cee0e2456431e8dc85fad9dcdd22d |
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