Stable synthesis of few-layered boron nitride nanotubes by anodic arc discharge

Abstract Boron nitride nanotubes (BNNTs) were successfully synthesized by a dc arc discharge using a boron-rich anode as synthesis feedstock in a nitrogen gas environment at near atmospheric pressure. The synthesis was achieved independent of the cathode material suggesting that under such condition...

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Autores principales:	Yao-Wen Yeh, Yevgeny Raitses, Bruce E. Koel, Nan Yao
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2017
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/0e63eaff25be4841a0b32f4d63bfbd1d
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:0e63eaff25be4841a0b32f4d63bfbd1d2021-12-02T11:53:11ZStable synthesis of few-layered boron nitride nanotubes by anodic arc discharge10.1038/s41598-017-03438-w2045-2322https://doaj.org/article/0e63eaff25be4841a0b32f4d63bfbd1d2017-06-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-03438-whttps://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Boron nitride nanotubes (BNNTs) were successfully synthesized by a dc arc discharge using a boron-rich anode as synthesis feedstock in a nitrogen gas environment at near atmospheric pressure. The synthesis was achieved independent of the cathode material suggesting that under such conditions the arc operates in so-called anodic mode with the anode material being consumed by evaporation due to the arc heating. To sustain the arc current by thermionic electron emission, the cathode has to be at sufficiently high temperature, which for a typical arc current density of ~100 A/cm2, is above the boron melting point (2350 K). With both electrodes made from the same boron-rich alloy, we found that the arc operation unstable due to frequent sticking between two molten electrodes and formation of molten droplets. Stable and reliable arc operation and arc synthesis were achieved with the boron-rich anode and the cathode made from a refractory metal which has a melting temperature above the melting point of boron. Ex-situ characterization of synthesized BNNTs with electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy revealed that independent of the cathode material, the tubes are primarily single and double walled. The results also show evidence of root-growth of BNNTs produced in the arc discharge.Yao-Wen YehYevgeny RaitsesBruce E. KoelNan YaoNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 7, Iss 1, Pp 1-7 (2017)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Yao-Wen Yeh Yevgeny Raitses Bruce E. Koel Nan Yao Stable synthesis of few-layered boron nitride nanotubes by anodic arc discharge
description	Abstract Boron nitride nanotubes (BNNTs) were successfully synthesized by a dc arc discharge using a boron-rich anode as synthesis feedstock in a nitrogen gas environment at near atmospheric pressure. The synthesis was achieved independent of the cathode material suggesting that under such conditions the arc operates in so-called anodic mode with the anode material being consumed by evaporation due to the arc heating. To sustain the arc current by thermionic electron emission, the cathode has to be at sufficiently high temperature, which for a typical arc current density of ~100 A/cm2, is above the boron melting point (2350 K). With both electrodes made from the same boron-rich alloy, we found that the arc operation unstable due to frequent sticking between two molten electrodes and formation of molten droplets. Stable and reliable arc operation and arc synthesis were achieved with the boron-rich anode and the cathode made from a refractory metal which has a melting temperature above the melting point of boron. Ex-situ characterization of synthesized BNNTs with electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy revealed that independent of the cathode material, the tubes are primarily single and double walled. The results also show evidence of root-growth of BNNTs produced in the arc discharge.
format	article
author	Yao-Wen Yeh Yevgeny Raitses Bruce E. Koel Nan Yao
author_facet	Yao-Wen Yeh Yevgeny Raitses Bruce E. Koel Nan Yao
author_sort	Yao-Wen Yeh
title	Stable synthesis of few-layered boron nitride nanotubes by anodic arc discharge
title_short	Stable synthesis of few-layered boron nitride nanotubes by anodic arc discharge
title_full	Stable synthesis of few-layered boron nitride nanotubes by anodic arc discharge
title_fullStr	Stable synthesis of few-layered boron nitride nanotubes by anodic arc discharge
title_full_unstemmed	Stable synthesis of few-layered boron nitride nanotubes by anodic arc discharge
title_sort	stable synthesis of few-layered boron nitride nanotubes by anodic arc discharge
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2017
url	https://doaj.org/article/0e63eaff25be4841a0b32f4d63bfbd1d
work_keys_str_mv	AT yaowenyeh stablesynthesisoffewlayeredboronnitridenanotubesbyanodicarcdischarge AT yevgenyraitses stablesynthesisoffewlayeredboronnitridenanotubesbyanodicarcdischarge AT bruceekoel stablesynthesisoffewlayeredboronnitridenanotubesbyanodicarcdischarge AT nanyao stablesynthesisoffewlayeredboronnitridenanotubesbyanodicarcdischarge
_version_	1718394849680424960

Stable synthesis of few-layered boron nitride nanotubes by anodic arc discharge

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