Bioprocess of Microbial Melanin Production and Isolation

Melanin is one of the most abundant pigments found in the biosphere. Owing to its high biocompatibility and diverse biological activities, it has been widely applied as a functional biomaterial in the cosmetic, pharmaceutical, biopolymer, and environmental fields. In this study, the production of me...

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Autor principal:	Kwon-Young Choi
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	melanin pigment space-time yields extraction purification Biotechnology TP248.13-248.65
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/0e667ca5e47c4b19972bf0e7cc672e7f
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:0e667ca5e47c4b19972bf0e7cc672e7f2021-11-16T07:48:46ZBioprocess of Microbial Melanin Production and Isolation2296-418510.3389/fbioe.2021.765110https://doaj.org/article/0e667ca5e47c4b19972bf0e7cc672e7f2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbioe.2021.765110/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/2296-4185Melanin is one of the most abundant pigments found in the biosphere. Owing to its high biocompatibility and diverse biological activities, it has been widely applied as a functional biomaterial in the cosmetic, pharmaceutical, biopolymer, and environmental fields. In this study, the production of melanin was comprehensively reviewed concerning bioconversion and isolation processes. First, several melanogenic microbes, including fungi and bacteria, were summarized. Melanin production was classified by host and melanin type and was analyzed by titers in g/L in addition to reaction conditions, including pH and temperature. The production was further interpreted using a space-time yields chart, which showed two distinct classifications in productivity, and reaction conditions were analyzed using a pH-temperature-titer chart. Next, the extraction process was summarized by crude and pure melanin preparation procedures, and the extraction yields were highlighted. Finally, the recent applications of melanin were briefly summarized, and prospects for further application and development in industrial applications were suggested.Kwon-Young ChoiKwon-Young ChoiFrontiers Media S.A.articlemelaninpigmentspace-time yieldsextractionpurificationBiotechnologyTP248.13-248.65ENFrontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology, Vol 9 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	melanin pigment space-time yields extraction purification Biotechnology TP248.13-248.65
spellingShingle	melanin pigment space-time yields extraction purification Biotechnology TP248.13-248.65 Kwon-Young Choi Kwon-Young Choi Bioprocess of Microbial Melanin Production and Isolation
description	Melanin is one of the most abundant pigments found in the biosphere. Owing to its high biocompatibility and diverse biological activities, it has been widely applied as a functional biomaterial in the cosmetic, pharmaceutical, biopolymer, and environmental fields. In this study, the production of melanin was comprehensively reviewed concerning bioconversion and isolation processes. First, several melanogenic microbes, including fungi and bacteria, were summarized. Melanin production was classified by host and melanin type and was analyzed by titers in g/L in addition to reaction conditions, including pH and temperature. The production was further interpreted using a space-time yields chart, which showed two distinct classifications in productivity, and reaction conditions were analyzed using a pH-temperature-titer chart. Next, the extraction process was summarized by crude and pure melanin preparation procedures, and the extraction yields were highlighted. Finally, the recent applications of melanin were briefly summarized, and prospects for further application and development in industrial applications were suggested.
format	article
author	Kwon-Young Choi Kwon-Young Choi
author_facet	Kwon-Young Choi Kwon-Young Choi
author_sort	Kwon-Young Choi
title	Bioprocess of Microbial Melanin Production and Isolation
title_short	Bioprocess of Microbial Melanin Production and Isolation
title_full	Bioprocess of Microbial Melanin Production and Isolation
title_fullStr	Bioprocess of Microbial Melanin Production and Isolation
title_full_unstemmed	Bioprocess of Microbial Melanin Production and Isolation
title_sort	bioprocess of microbial melanin production and isolation
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/0e667ca5e47c4b19972bf0e7cc672e7f
work_keys_str_mv	AT kwonyoungchoi bioprocessofmicrobialmelaninproductionandisolation AT kwonyoungchoi bioprocessofmicrobialmelaninproductionandisolation
_version_	1718426586685898752

Bioprocess of Microbial Melanin Production and Isolation

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