Decreased fixation stability of the preferred retinal location in juvenile macular degeneration.

Macular degeneration is the main cause for diminished visual acuity in the elderly. The juvenile form of macular degeneration has equally detrimental consequences on foveal vision. To compensate for loss of foveal vision most patients with macular degeneration adopt an eccentric preferred retinal lo...

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Autores principales:	Richard A I Bethlehem, Serge O Dumoulin, Edwin S Dalmaijer, Miranda Smit, Tos T J M Berendschot, Tanja C W Nijboer, Stefan Van der Stigchel
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2014
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/0e9c71d2db004150b2e0288c6087b895
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:0e9c71d2db004150b2e0288c6087b8952021-11-18T08:15:21ZDecreased fixation stability of the preferred retinal location in juvenile macular degeneration.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0100171https://doaj.org/article/0e9c71d2db004150b2e0288c6087b8952014-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/24937090/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Macular degeneration is the main cause for diminished visual acuity in the elderly. The juvenile form of macular degeneration has equally detrimental consequences on foveal vision. To compensate for loss of foveal vision most patients with macular degeneration adopt an eccentric preferred retinal location that takes over tasks normally performed by the healthy fovea. It is unclear however, whether the preferred retinal locus also develops properties typical for foveal vision. Here, we investigated whether the fixation characteristics of the preferred retinal locus resemble those of the healthy fovea. For this purpose, we used the fixation-offset paradigm and tracked eye-position using a high spatial and temporal resolution infrared eye-tracker. The fixation-offset paradigm measures release from fixation under different fixation conditions and has been shown useful to distinguish between foveal and non-foveal fixation. We measured eye-movements in nine healthy age-matched controls and five patients with juvenile macular degeneration. In addition, we performed a simulation with the same task in a group of five healthy controls. Our results show that the preferred retinal locus does not adopt a foveal type of fixation but instead drifts further away from its original fixation and has overall increased fixation instability. Furthermore, the fixation instability is most pronounced in low frequency eye-movements representing a slow drift from fixation. We argue that the increased fixation instability cannot be attributed to fixation under an unnatural angle. Instead, diminished visual acuity in the periphery causes reduced oculomotor control and results in increased fixation instability.Richard A I BethlehemSerge O DumoulinEdwin S DalmaijerMiranda SmitTos T J M BerendschotTanja C W NijboerStefan Van der StigchelPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 9, Iss 6, p e100171 (2014)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Richard A I Bethlehem Serge O Dumoulin Edwin S Dalmaijer Miranda Smit Tos T J M Berendschot Tanja C W Nijboer Stefan Van der Stigchel Decreased fixation stability of the preferred retinal location in juvenile macular degeneration.
description	Macular degeneration is the main cause for diminished visual acuity in the elderly. The juvenile form of macular degeneration has equally detrimental consequences on foveal vision. To compensate for loss of foveal vision most patients with macular degeneration adopt an eccentric preferred retinal location that takes over tasks normally performed by the healthy fovea. It is unclear however, whether the preferred retinal locus also develops properties typical for foveal vision. Here, we investigated whether the fixation characteristics of the preferred retinal locus resemble those of the healthy fovea. For this purpose, we used the fixation-offset paradigm and tracked eye-position using a high spatial and temporal resolution infrared eye-tracker. The fixation-offset paradigm measures release from fixation under different fixation conditions and has been shown useful to distinguish between foveal and non-foveal fixation. We measured eye-movements in nine healthy age-matched controls and five patients with juvenile macular degeneration. In addition, we performed a simulation with the same task in a group of five healthy controls. Our results show that the preferred retinal locus does not adopt a foveal type of fixation but instead drifts further away from its original fixation and has overall increased fixation instability. Furthermore, the fixation instability is most pronounced in low frequency eye-movements representing a slow drift from fixation. We argue that the increased fixation instability cannot be attributed to fixation under an unnatural angle. Instead, diminished visual acuity in the periphery causes reduced oculomotor control and results in increased fixation instability.
format	article
author	Richard A I Bethlehem Serge O Dumoulin Edwin S Dalmaijer Miranda Smit Tos T J M Berendschot Tanja C W Nijboer Stefan Van der Stigchel
author_facet	Richard A I Bethlehem Serge O Dumoulin Edwin S Dalmaijer Miranda Smit Tos T J M Berendschot Tanja C W Nijboer Stefan Van der Stigchel
author_sort	Richard A I Bethlehem
title	Decreased fixation stability of the preferred retinal location in juvenile macular degeneration.
title_short	Decreased fixation stability of the preferred retinal location in juvenile macular degeneration.
title_full	Decreased fixation stability of the preferred retinal location in juvenile macular degeneration.
title_fullStr	Decreased fixation stability of the preferred retinal location in juvenile macular degeneration.
title_full_unstemmed	Decreased fixation stability of the preferred retinal location in juvenile macular degeneration.
title_sort	decreased fixation stability of the preferred retinal location in juvenile macular degeneration.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2014
url	https://doaj.org/article/0e9c71d2db004150b2e0288c6087b895
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Decreased fixation stability of the preferred retinal location in juvenile macular degeneration.

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