Endogenous viral elements in animal genomes.

Integration into the nuclear genome of germ line cells can lead to vertical inheritance of retroviral genes as host alleles. For other viruses, germ line integration has only rarely been documented. Nonetheless, we identified endogenous viral elements (EVEs) derived from ten non-retroviral families...

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Autores principales:	Aris Katzourakis, Robert J Gifford
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2010
Materias:	Genetics QH426-470
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/0ef96291f1d74696bee94ce54d393d76
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:0ef96291f1d74696bee94ce54d393d762021-11-18T06:19:19ZEndogenous viral elements in animal genomes.1553-73901553-740410.1371/journal.pgen.1001191https://doaj.org/article/0ef96291f1d74696bee94ce54d393d762010-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/21124940/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1553-7390https://doaj.org/toc/1553-7404Integration into the nuclear genome of germ line cells can lead to vertical inheritance of retroviral genes as host alleles. For other viruses, germ line integration has only rarely been documented. Nonetheless, we identified endogenous viral elements (EVEs) derived from ten non-retroviral families by systematic in silico screening of animal genomes, including the first endogenous representatives of double-stranded RNA, reverse-transcribing DNA, and segmented RNA viruses, and the first endogenous DNA viruses in mammalian genomes. Phylogenetic and genomic analysis of EVEs across multiple host species revealed novel information about the origin and evolution of diverse virus groups. Furthermore, several of the elements identified here encode intact open reading frames or are expressed as mRNA. For one element in the primate lineage, we provide statistically robust evidence for exaptation. Our findings establish that genetic material derived from all known viral genome types and replication strategies can enter the animal germ line, greatly broadening the scope of paleovirological studies and indicating a more significant evolutionary role for gene flow from virus to animal genomes than has previously been recognized.Aris KatzourakisRobert J GiffordPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleGeneticsQH426-470ENPLoS Genetics, Vol 6, Iss 11, p e1001191 (2010)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Genetics QH426-470
spellingShingle	Genetics QH426-470 Aris Katzourakis Robert J Gifford Endogenous viral elements in animal genomes.
description	Integration into the nuclear genome of germ line cells can lead to vertical inheritance of retroviral genes as host alleles. For other viruses, germ line integration has only rarely been documented. Nonetheless, we identified endogenous viral elements (EVEs) derived from ten non-retroviral families by systematic in silico screening of animal genomes, including the first endogenous representatives of double-stranded RNA, reverse-transcribing DNA, and segmented RNA viruses, and the first endogenous DNA viruses in mammalian genomes. Phylogenetic and genomic analysis of EVEs across multiple host species revealed novel information about the origin and evolution of diverse virus groups. Furthermore, several of the elements identified here encode intact open reading frames or are expressed as mRNA. For one element in the primate lineage, we provide statistically robust evidence for exaptation. Our findings establish that genetic material derived from all known viral genome types and replication strategies can enter the animal germ line, greatly broadening the scope of paleovirological studies and indicating a more significant evolutionary role for gene flow from virus to animal genomes than has previously been recognized.
format	article
author	Aris Katzourakis Robert J Gifford
author_facet	Aris Katzourakis Robert J Gifford
author_sort	Aris Katzourakis
title	Endogenous viral elements in animal genomes.
title_short	Endogenous viral elements in animal genomes.
title_full	Endogenous viral elements in animal genomes.
title_fullStr	Endogenous viral elements in animal genomes.
title_full_unstemmed	Endogenous viral elements in animal genomes.
title_sort	endogenous viral elements in animal genomes.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2010
url	https://doaj.org/article/0ef96291f1d74696bee94ce54d393d76
work_keys_str_mv	AT ariskatzourakis endogenousviralelementsinanimalgenomes AT robertjgifford endogenousviralelementsinanimalgenomes
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Endogenous viral elements in animal genomes.

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