Conjugation of quantum dots on carbon nanotubes for medical diagnosis and treatment

Seyed Yazdan Madani,1 Farzad Shabani,3 Miriam V Dwek,2 Alexander M Seifalian1,3 1UCL Centre for Nanotechnology and Regenerative Medicine, University College, London, UK; 2Department of Molecular and Applied Biosciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, London, UK; 3Royal Free Lond...

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Autores principales:	Madani SY, Shabani F, Dwek MV, Seifalian AM
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2013
Materias:	Medicine (General) R5-920
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/0efe32157e414c7e86bfe67a7506fb9c
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:0efe32157e414c7e86bfe67a7506fb9c2021-12-02T01:58:49ZConjugation of quantum dots on carbon nanotubes for medical diagnosis and treatment1176-91141178-2013https://doaj.org/article/0efe32157e414c7e86bfe67a7506fb9c2013-03-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.dovepress.com/conjugation-of-quantum-dots-on-carbon-nanotubes-for-medical-diagnosis--a12350https://doaj.org/toc/1176-9114https://doaj.org/toc/1178-2013Seyed Yazdan Madani,1 Farzad Shabani,3 Miriam V Dwek,2 Alexander M Seifalian1,3 1UCL Centre for Nanotechnology and Regenerative Medicine, University College, London, UK; 2Department of Molecular and Applied Biosciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, London, UK; 3Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust Hospital, London, UK Abstract: Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide and early detection provides the best possible prognosis for cancer patients. Nanotechnology is the branch of engineering that deals with the manipulation of individual atoms and molecules. This area of science has the potential to help identify cancerous cells and to destroy them by various methods such as drug delivery or thermal treatment of cancer. Carbon nanotubes (CNT) and quantum dots (QDs) are the two nanoparticles, which have received considerable interest in view of their application for diagnosis and treatment of cancer. Fluorescent nanoparticles known as QDs are gaining momentum as imaging molecules with life science and clinical applications. Clinically they can be used for localization of cancer cells due to their nano size and ability to penetrate individual cancer cells and high-resolution imaging derived from their narrow emission bands compared with organic dyes. CNTs are of interest to the medical community due to their unique properties such as the ability to deliver drugs to a site of action or convert optical energy into thermal energy. By attaching antibodies that bind specifically to tumor cells, CNTs can navigate to malignant tumors. Once at the tumor site, the CNTs enter into the cancer cells by penetration or endocytosis, allowing drug release, and resulting in specific cancer cell death. Alternatively, CNTs can be exposed to near-infrared light in order to thermally destroy the cancer cells. The amphiphilic nature of CNTs allows them to penetrate the cell membrane and their large surface area (in the order of 2600 m2/g) allows drugs to be loaded into the tube and released once inside the cancer cell. Many research laboratories, including our own, are investigating the conjugation of QDs to CNTs to allow localization of the cancer cells in the patient, by imaging with QDs, and subsequent cell killing, via drug release or thermal treatment. This is an area of huge interest and future research and therapy will focus on the multimodality of nanoparticles. In this review, we seek to explore the biomedical applications of QDs conjugated to CNTs, with a particular emphasis on their use as therapeutic platforms in oncology. Keywords: carbon nanotubes, quantum dots, cancer, photothermal therapy, drug delivery, cytotoxicity, near-infrared lightMadani SYShabani FDwek MVSeifalian AMDove Medical PressarticleMedicine (General)R5-920ENInternational Journal of Nanomedicine, Vol 2013, Iss default, Pp 941-950 (2013)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine (General) R5-920
spellingShingle	Medicine (General) R5-920 Madani SY Shabani F Dwek MV Seifalian AM Conjugation of quantum dots on carbon nanotubes for medical diagnosis and treatment
description	Seyed Yazdan Madani,1 Farzad Shabani,3 Miriam V Dwek,2 Alexander M Seifalian1,3 1UCL Centre for Nanotechnology and Regenerative Medicine, University College, London, UK; 2Department of Molecular and Applied Biosciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, London, UK; 3Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust Hospital, London, UK Abstract: Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide and early detection provides the best possible prognosis for cancer patients. Nanotechnology is the branch of engineering that deals with the manipulation of individual atoms and molecules. This area of science has the potential to help identify cancerous cells and to destroy them by various methods such as drug delivery or thermal treatment of cancer. Carbon nanotubes (CNT) and quantum dots (QDs) are the two nanoparticles, which have received considerable interest in view of their application for diagnosis and treatment of cancer. Fluorescent nanoparticles known as QDs are gaining momentum as imaging molecules with life science and clinical applications. Clinically they can be used for localization of cancer cells due to their nano size and ability to penetrate individual cancer cells and high-resolution imaging derived from their narrow emission bands compared with organic dyes. CNTs are of interest to the medical community due to their unique properties such as the ability to deliver drugs to a site of action or convert optical energy into thermal energy. By attaching antibodies that bind specifically to tumor cells, CNTs can navigate to malignant tumors. Once at the tumor site, the CNTs enter into the cancer cells by penetration or endocytosis, allowing drug release, and resulting in specific cancer cell death. Alternatively, CNTs can be exposed to near-infrared light in order to thermally destroy the cancer cells. The amphiphilic nature of CNTs allows them to penetrate the cell membrane and their large surface area (in the order of 2600 m2/g) allows drugs to be loaded into the tube and released once inside the cancer cell. Many research laboratories, including our own, are investigating the conjugation of QDs to CNTs to allow localization of the cancer cells in the patient, by imaging with QDs, and subsequent cell killing, via drug release or thermal treatment. This is an area of huge interest and future research and therapy will focus on the multimodality of nanoparticles. In this review, we seek to explore the biomedical applications of QDs conjugated to CNTs, with a particular emphasis on their use as therapeutic platforms in oncology. Keywords: carbon nanotubes, quantum dots, cancer, photothermal therapy, drug delivery, cytotoxicity, near-infrared light
format	article
author	Madani SY Shabani F Dwek MV Seifalian AM
author_facet	Madani SY Shabani F Dwek MV Seifalian AM
author_sort	Madani SY
title	Conjugation of quantum dots on carbon nanotubes for medical diagnosis and treatment
title_short	Conjugation of quantum dots on carbon nanotubes for medical diagnosis and treatment
title_full	Conjugation of quantum dots on carbon nanotubes for medical diagnosis and treatment
title_fullStr	Conjugation of quantum dots on carbon nanotubes for medical diagnosis and treatment
title_full_unstemmed	Conjugation of quantum dots on carbon nanotubes for medical diagnosis and treatment
title_sort	conjugation of quantum dots on carbon nanotubes for medical diagnosis and treatment
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2013
url	https://doaj.org/article/0efe32157e414c7e86bfe67a7506fb9c
work_keys_str_mv	AT madanisy conjugationofquantumdotsoncarbonnanotubesformedicaldiagnosisandtreatment AT shabanif conjugationofquantumdotsoncarbonnanotubesformedicaldiagnosisandtreatment AT dwekmv conjugationofquantumdotsoncarbonnanotubesformedicaldiagnosisandtreatment AT seifalianam conjugationofquantumdotsoncarbonnanotubesformedicaldiagnosisandtreatment
_version_	1718402755689709568

Conjugation of quantum dots on carbon nanotubes for medical diagnosis and treatment

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