Salinity Affects Freshwater Invertebrate Traits and Litter Decomposition

We evaluated the effect of seawater intrusion in coastal ecosystems on the freshwater invertebrate community and on leaf litter decomposition under realistic scenarios in six outdoor freshwater mesocosms containing fauna and flora, to which increasing volumes of seawater were added. The resulting sa...

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Autores principales:	Manuela Abelho, Rui Ribeiro, Matilde Moreira-Santos
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	freshwater invertebrates invertebrate traits litter decomposition mesocosms primary salinization seawater intrusion Biology (General) QH301-705.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/0f3ae15f3bf24fd696eb165bf08c76d3
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:0f3ae15f3bf24fd696eb165bf08c76d32021-11-25T17:23:02ZSalinity Affects Freshwater Invertebrate Traits and Litter Decomposition10.3390/d131105991424-2818https://doaj.org/article/0f3ae15f3bf24fd696eb165bf08c76d32021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1424-2818/13/11/599https://doaj.org/toc/1424-2818We evaluated the effect of seawater intrusion in coastal ecosystems on the freshwater invertebrate community and on leaf litter decomposition under realistic scenarios in six outdoor freshwater mesocosms containing fauna and flora, to which increasing volumes of seawater were added. The resulting salinity values were 0.28 (control, freshwater only), 2.0, 3.3, 5.5, 9.3, and 15.3 mS cm<sup>−1</sup>. The effect of salinity was assessed for 65 days after seawater intrusion, by computing the deviation of values in each treatment in relation to the control. Our results show that seawater intrusion into freshwaters will affect the invertebrate communities and organic matter decomposition, with salinities of up to 3.3–5.5 mS cm<sup>−1</sup> having opposite effects to salinities of more than 9.3 mS cm<sup>−1</sup>. There was a net negative effect of the two highest salinities on mass loss and richness of the invertebrates associated with the decomposing leaves. Regarding the invertebrate communities of the mesocosms, there was a net negative effect of the intermediate salinity levels on abundance and richness. Invertebrate life cycle traits conferring resilience and resistance tended to increase with low and decrease with high salinity values, while avoidance traits showed an opposite trend, and these responses were more pronounced on the later stage community. These wave-like responses of the invertebrate species traits to increasing salinity suggest that the life-history and physiological adaptations most suitable to cope with osmotic stress will differ between low and high salinity levels.Manuela AbelhoRui RibeiroMatilde Moreira-SantosMDPI AGarticlefreshwater invertebratesinvertebrate traitslitter decompositionmesocosmsprimary salinizationseawater intrusionBiology (General)QH301-705.5ENDiversity, Vol 13, Iss 599, p 599 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	freshwater invertebrates invertebrate traits litter decomposition mesocosms primary salinization seawater intrusion Biology (General) QH301-705.5
spellingShingle	freshwater invertebrates invertebrate traits litter decomposition mesocosms primary salinization seawater intrusion Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Manuela Abelho Rui Ribeiro Matilde Moreira-Santos Salinity Affects Freshwater Invertebrate Traits and Litter Decomposition
description	We evaluated the effect of seawater intrusion in coastal ecosystems on the freshwater invertebrate community and on leaf litter decomposition under realistic scenarios in six outdoor freshwater mesocosms containing fauna and flora, to which increasing volumes of seawater were added. The resulting salinity values were 0.28 (control, freshwater only), 2.0, 3.3, 5.5, 9.3, and 15.3 mS cm<sup>−1</sup>. The effect of salinity was assessed for 65 days after seawater intrusion, by computing the deviation of values in each treatment in relation to the control. Our results show that seawater intrusion into freshwaters will affect the invertebrate communities and organic matter decomposition, with salinities of up to 3.3–5.5 mS cm<sup>−1</sup> having opposite effects to salinities of more than 9.3 mS cm<sup>−1</sup>. There was a net negative effect of the two highest salinities on mass loss and richness of the invertebrates associated with the decomposing leaves. Regarding the invertebrate communities of the mesocosms, there was a net negative effect of the intermediate salinity levels on abundance and richness. Invertebrate life cycle traits conferring resilience and resistance tended to increase with low and decrease with high salinity values, while avoidance traits showed an opposite trend, and these responses were more pronounced on the later stage community. These wave-like responses of the invertebrate species traits to increasing salinity suggest that the life-history and physiological adaptations most suitable to cope with osmotic stress will differ between low and high salinity levels.
format	article
author	Manuela Abelho Rui Ribeiro Matilde Moreira-Santos
author_facet	Manuela Abelho Rui Ribeiro Matilde Moreira-Santos
author_sort	Manuela Abelho
title	Salinity Affects Freshwater Invertebrate Traits and Litter Decomposition
title_short	Salinity Affects Freshwater Invertebrate Traits and Litter Decomposition
title_full	Salinity Affects Freshwater Invertebrate Traits and Litter Decomposition
title_fullStr	Salinity Affects Freshwater Invertebrate Traits and Litter Decomposition
title_full_unstemmed	Salinity Affects Freshwater Invertebrate Traits and Litter Decomposition
title_sort	salinity affects freshwater invertebrate traits and litter decomposition
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/0f3ae15f3bf24fd696eb165bf08c76d3
work_keys_str_mv	AT manuelaabelho salinityaffectsfreshwaterinvertebratetraitsandlitterdecomposition AT ruiribeiro salinityaffectsfreshwaterinvertebratetraitsandlitterdecomposition AT matildemoreirasantos salinityaffectsfreshwaterinvertebratetraitsandlitterdecomposition
_version_	1718412391535869952

Salinity Affects Freshwater Invertebrate Traits and Litter Decomposition

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