Role of Citrus Fruit Juices in Prevention of Kidney Stone Disease (KSD): A Narrative Review

To explore the relationship between citrus fruit juices (oranges, grapefruits, and lemonades) and kidney stone disease (KSD). Methods: A systematic review was performed using the Medline, EMBASE, and Scopus databases, in concordance with the PRISMA checklist for all English, French, and Spanish lang...

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Autores principales:	Yazeed Barghouthy, Bhaskar K. Somani
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	orange lemon lemonade grapefruit citrate Nutrition. Foods and food supply TX341-641
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/0f6759ec599f4fb3959bb3e42e118ca5
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:0f6759ec599f4fb3959bb3e42e118ca52021-11-25T18:36:55ZRole of Citrus Fruit Juices in Prevention of Kidney Stone Disease (KSD): A Narrative Review10.3390/nu131141172072-6643https://doaj.org/article/0f6759ec599f4fb3959bb3e42e118ca52021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/11/4117https://doaj.org/toc/2072-6643To explore the relationship between citrus fruit juices (oranges, grapefruits, and lemonades) and kidney stone disease (KSD). Methods: A systematic review was performed using the Medline, EMBASE, and Scopus databases, in concordance with the PRISMA checklist for all English, French, and Spanish language studies regarding the consumption of citrus fruit juices and the relationship to urinary stone disease. The main outcome of interest was the association of citrus fruit juices with KSD. Results: Thirteen articles met the criteria for inclusion in the final review. Three large epidemiological studies found that grapefruit juice was a risk factor for stone formation, while orange juice did not increase the risk for KSD. Ten small prospective clinical studies found that orange, grapefruit, and lemon juices all increased urinary citrate levels. Only orange and grapefruit juices had an alkalinizing effect and while lemon juice has a protective effect by raising urinary citrate levels, it lacked a significant alkalinizing effect on urine pH. Orange juice and grapefruit juices significantly increased urinary oxalate levels, while orange juice also had a high carbohydrate content. Conclusion: While orange juice seems to play a protective role against stone formation, grapefruit was found to raise the risk of KSD in epidemiological studies but had a protective role in smaller clinical studies. Lemon juice had a smaller protective role than orange juice. Larger amounts of, as well as more accurate, data is needed before recommendations can be made and a high carbohydrate content in these juices needs to be taken into consideration.Yazeed BarghouthyBhaskar K. SomaniMDPI AGarticleorangelemonlemonadegrapefruitcitratelemonadeNutrition. Foods and food supplyTX341-641ENNutrients, Vol 13, Iss 4117, p 4117 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	orange lemon lemonade grapefruit citrate lemonade Nutrition. Foods and food supply TX341-641
spellingShingle	orange lemon lemonade grapefruit citrate lemonade Nutrition. Foods and food supply TX341-641 Yazeed Barghouthy Bhaskar K. Somani Role of Citrus Fruit Juices in Prevention of Kidney Stone Disease (KSD): A Narrative Review
description	To explore the relationship between citrus fruit juices (oranges, grapefruits, and lemonades) and kidney stone disease (KSD). Methods: A systematic review was performed using the Medline, EMBASE, and Scopus databases, in concordance with the PRISMA checklist for all English, French, and Spanish language studies regarding the consumption of citrus fruit juices and the relationship to urinary stone disease. The main outcome of interest was the association of citrus fruit juices with KSD. Results: Thirteen articles met the criteria for inclusion in the final review. Three large epidemiological studies found that grapefruit juice was a risk factor for stone formation, while orange juice did not increase the risk for KSD. Ten small prospective clinical studies found that orange, grapefruit, and lemon juices all increased urinary citrate levels. Only orange and grapefruit juices had an alkalinizing effect and while lemon juice has a protective effect by raising urinary citrate levels, it lacked a significant alkalinizing effect on urine pH. Orange juice and grapefruit juices significantly increased urinary oxalate levels, while orange juice also had a high carbohydrate content. Conclusion: While orange juice seems to play a protective role against stone formation, grapefruit was found to raise the risk of KSD in epidemiological studies but had a protective role in smaller clinical studies. Lemon juice had a smaller protective role than orange juice. Larger amounts of, as well as more accurate, data is needed before recommendations can be made and a high carbohydrate content in these juices needs to be taken into consideration.
format	article
author	Yazeed Barghouthy Bhaskar K. Somani
author_facet	Yazeed Barghouthy Bhaskar K. Somani
author_sort	Yazeed Barghouthy
title	Role of Citrus Fruit Juices in Prevention of Kidney Stone Disease (KSD): A Narrative Review
title_short	Role of Citrus Fruit Juices in Prevention of Kidney Stone Disease (KSD): A Narrative Review
title_full	Role of Citrus Fruit Juices in Prevention of Kidney Stone Disease (KSD): A Narrative Review
title_fullStr	Role of Citrus Fruit Juices in Prevention of Kidney Stone Disease (KSD): A Narrative Review
title_full_unstemmed	Role of Citrus Fruit Juices in Prevention of Kidney Stone Disease (KSD): A Narrative Review
title_sort	role of citrus fruit juices in prevention of kidney stone disease (ksd): a narrative review
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/0f6759ec599f4fb3959bb3e42e118ca5
work_keys_str_mv	AT yazeedbarghouthy roleofcitrusfruitjuicesinpreventionofkidneystonediseaseksdanarrativereview AT bhaskarksomani roleofcitrusfruitjuicesinpreventionofkidneystonediseaseksdanarrativereview
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Role of Citrus Fruit Juices in Prevention of Kidney Stone Disease (KSD): A Narrative Review

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