Transcriptome-Wide Gene Expression Plasticity in <i>Stipa grandis</i> in Response to Grazing Intensity Differences

Organisms have evolved effective and distinct adaptive strategies to survive. <i>Stipa grandis</i> is a representative species for studying the grazing effect on typical steppe plants in the Inner Mongolia Plateau. Although phenotypic (morphological and physiological) variations in <i...

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Autores principales:	Zhenhua Dang, Yuanyuan Jia, Yunyun Tian, Jiabin Li, Yanan Zhang, Lei Huang, Cunzhu Liang, Peter J. Lockhart, Cory Matthew, Frank Yonghong Li
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	comparative transcriptomic analysis gene expression plasticity differentially expressed gene grazing adaptation Calvin–Benson cycle photorespiration Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Chemistry QD1-999
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/0f857e66552e4f988fcb376664599cdc
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:0f857e66552e4f988fcb376664599cdc2021-11-11T17:18:45ZTranscriptome-Wide Gene Expression Plasticity in <i>Stipa grandis</i> in Response to Grazing Intensity Differences10.3390/ijms2221118821422-00671661-6596https://doaj.org/article/0f857e66552e4f988fcb376664599cdc2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/21/11882https://doaj.org/toc/1661-6596https://doaj.org/toc/1422-0067Organisms have evolved effective and distinct adaptive strategies to survive. <i>Stipa grandis</i> is a representative species for studying the grazing effect on typical steppe plants in the Inner Mongolia Plateau. Although phenotypic (morphological and physiological) variations in <i>S. grandis</i> in response to long-term grazing have been identified, the molecular mechanisms underlying adaptations and plastic responses remain largely unknown. Here, we performed a transcriptomic analysis to investigate changes in gene expression of <i>S. grandis</i> under four different grazing intensities. As a result, a total of 2357 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified among the tested grazing intensities, suggesting long-term grazing resulted in gene expression plasticity that affected diverse biological processes and metabolic pathways in <i>S. grandis</i>. DEGs were identified in RNA-Seq and qRT-PCR analyses that indicated the modulation of the Calvin–Benson cycle and photorespiration metabolic pathways. The key gene expression profiles encoding various proteins (e.g., ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase, fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase, glycolate oxidase, etc.) involved in these pathways suggest that they may synergistically respond to grazing to increase the resilience and stress tolerance of <i>S. grandis</i>. Our findings provide scientific clues for improving grassland use and protection and identifying important questions to address in future transcriptome studies.Zhenhua DangYuanyuan JiaYunyun TianJiabin LiYanan ZhangLei HuangCunzhu LiangPeter J. LockhartCory MatthewFrank Yonghong LiMDPI AGarticlecomparative transcriptomic analysisgene expression plasticitydifferentially expressed genegrazing adaptationCalvin–Benson cyclephotorespirationBiology (General)QH301-705.5ChemistryQD1-999ENInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 22, Iss 11882, p 11882 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	comparative transcriptomic analysis gene expression plasticity differentially expressed gene grazing adaptation Calvin–Benson cycle photorespiration Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Chemistry QD1-999
spellingShingle	comparative transcriptomic analysis gene expression plasticity differentially expressed gene grazing adaptation Calvin–Benson cycle photorespiration Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Chemistry QD1-999 Zhenhua Dang Yuanyuan Jia Yunyun Tian Jiabin Li Yanan Zhang Lei Huang Cunzhu Liang Peter J. Lockhart Cory Matthew Frank Yonghong Li Transcriptome-Wide Gene Expression Plasticity in <i>Stipa grandis</i> in Response to Grazing Intensity Differences
description	Organisms have evolved effective and distinct adaptive strategies to survive. <i>Stipa grandis</i> is a representative species for studying the grazing effect on typical steppe plants in the Inner Mongolia Plateau. Although phenotypic (morphological and physiological) variations in <i>S. grandis</i> in response to long-term grazing have been identified, the molecular mechanisms underlying adaptations and plastic responses remain largely unknown. Here, we performed a transcriptomic analysis to investigate changes in gene expression of <i>S. grandis</i> under four different grazing intensities. As a result, a total of 2357 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified among the tested grazing intensities, suggesting long-term grazing resulted in gene expression plasticity that affected diverse biological processes and metabolic pathways in <i>S. grandis</i>. DEGs were identified in RNA-Seq and qRT-PCR analyses that indicated the modulation of the Calvin–Benson cycle and photorespiration metabolic pathways. The key gene expression profiles encoding various proteins (e.g., ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase, fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase, glycolate oxidase, etc.) involved in these pathways suggest that they may synergistically respond to grazing to increase the resilience and stress tolerance of <i>S. grandis</i>. Our findings provide scientific clues for improving grassland use and protection and identifying important questions to address in future transcriptome studies.
format	article
author	Zhenhua Dang Yuanyuan Jia Yunyun Tian Jiabin Li Yanan Zhang Lei Huang Cunzhu Liang Peter J. Lockhart Cory Matthew Frank Yonghong Li
author_facet	Zhenhua Dang Yuanyuan Jia Yunyun Tian Jiabin Li Yanan Zhang Lei Huang Cunzhu Liang Peter J. Lockhart Cory Matthew Frank Yonghong Li
author_sort	Zhenhua Dang
title	Transcriptome-Wide Gene Expression Plasticity in <i>Stipa grandis</i> in Response to Grazing Intensity Differences
title_short	Transcriptome-Wide Gene Expression Plasticity in <i>Stipa grandis</i> in Response to Grazing Intensity Differences
title_full	Transcriptome-Wide Gene Expression Plasticity in <i>Stipa grandis</i> in Response to Grazing Intensity Differences
title_fullStr	Transcriptome-Wide Gene Expression Plasticity in <i>Stipa grandis</i> in Response to Grazing Intensity Differences
title_full_unstemmed	Transcriptome-Wide Gene Expression Plasticity in <i>Stipa grandis</i> in Response to Grazing Intensity Differences
title_sort	transcriptome-wide gene expression plasticity in <i>stipa grandis</i> in response to grazing intensity differences
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/0f857e66552e4f988fcb376664599cdc
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Transcriptome-Wide Gene Expression Plasticity in <i>Stipa grandis</i> in Response to Grazing Intensity Differences

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