Experimental induction of necrotic enteritis with or without predisposing factors using netB positive Clostridium perfringens strains

Abstract Background Poultry necrotic enteritis (NE) is an economically important disease caused by C. perfringens. The disease causing ability of this bacterium is linked with the production of a wide variety of toxins. Among them, necrotic enteritis B-like (NetB) toxin is reported to be involved in...

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Autores principales:	Mudassar Mohiuddin, Weikang Yuan, Zhongfeng Song, Shenquan Liao, Nanshan Qi, Juan Li, Minna Lv, Caiyan Wu, Xuhui Lin, Junjing Hu, Haiming Cai, Mingfei Sun
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	BMC 2021
Materias:	Necrotic enteritis C. perfringens Eimeria necatrix Fish meal Intestinal lesions Diseases of the digestive system. Gastroenterology RC799-869
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/0fc6a904797a430096f8c2115681256c
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:0fc6a904797a430096f8c2115681256c2021-11-21T12:14:26ZExperimental induction of necrotic enteritis with or without predisposing factors using netB positive Clostridium perfringens strains10.1186/s13099-021-00463-z1757-4749https://doaj.org/article/0fc6a904797a430096f8c2115681256c2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1186/s13099-021-00463-zhttps://doaj.org/toc/1757-4749Abstract Background Poultry necrotic enteritis (NE) is an economically important disease caused by C. perfringens. The disease causing ability of this bacterium is linked with the production of a wide variety of toxins. Among them, necrotic enteritis B-like (NetB) toxin is reported to be involved in the pathogenesis of NE; in addition there is some circumstantial evidence that tpeL toxin may enhance virulence, but this is yet to be definitely shown. The situation becomes more complicated in the presence of a number of predisposing factors like co-infection with coccidia, type of diet and use of high protein diet. These co-factors alter the intestinal environment, thereby favoring the production of more toxins, leading to a more severe disease. The objective of this study was to develop a successful animal model that would induce clinical signs and lesions of NE using C. perfringens type G strains obtained from field outbreaks. A separate trial was simultaneously considered to establish the role of dietary factor with coccidial co-infection in NE. Results The results have shown that use of net-B positive C. perfringens without predisposing factors induce moderate to severe NE (Av. Lesion score 1.79 ± 1.50). In a separate trial, addition of fish meal to a feed of C. perfringens challenged birds produced higher number of NE cases (Av. Lesion score 2.17 ± 1.28). However, use of less virulent E. necatrix strain along with fish meal in conjunction with net-B positive strain did not alter the severity of NE lesions in specific pathogen free chicken (Av. Lesion score 2.21 ± 1.13). Conclusions This study suggests that virulent C. perfringens type G strains can induce NE lesions in the absence of other predisposing factors. Birds in the clostridia challenged group showed moderate to severe NE lesions. Use of less virulent coccidia strain contributed to a lesser extent in increasing the severity of disease. Maize based diet along with fishmeal (1:1) increased the severity of lesions but statistically it was non-significant. The NE lesions in all experimental groups were found to be present more frequently in the duodenum. In this way, this study provided an effective model for in vivo production of NE in poultry birds.Mudassar MohiuddinWeikang YuanZhongfeng SongShenquan LiaoNanshan QiJuan LiMinna LvCaiyan WuXuhui LinJunjing HuHaiming CaiMingfei SunBMCarticleNecrotic enteritisC. perfringensEimeria necatrixFish mealIntestinal lesionsDiseases of the digestive system. GastroenterologyRC799-869ENGut Pathogens, Vol 13, Iss 1, Pp 1-7 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Necrotic enteritis C. perfringens Eimeria necatrix Fish meal Intestinal lesions Diseases of the digestive system. Gastroenterology RC799-869
spellingShingle	Necrotic enteritis C. perfringens Eimeria necatrix Fish meal Intestinal lesions Diseases of the digestive system. Gastroenterology RC799-869 Mudassar Mohiuddin Weikang Yuan Zhongfeng Song Shenquan Liao Nanshan Qi Juan Li Minna Lv Caiyan Wu Xuhui Lin Junjing Hu Haiming Cai Mingfei Sun Experimental induction of necrotic enteritis with or without predisposing factors using netB positive Clostridium perfringens strains
description	Abstract Background Poultry necrotic enteritis (NE) is an economically important disease caused by C. perfringens. The disease causing ability of this bacterium is linked with the production of a wide variety of toxins. Among them, necrotic enteritis B-like (NetB) toxin is reported to be involved in the pathogenesis of NE; in addition there is some circumstantial evidence that tpeL toxin may enhance virulence, but this is yet to be definitely shown. The situation becomes more complicated in the presence of a number of predisposing factors like co-infection with coccidia, type of diet and use of high protein diet. These co-factors alter the intestinal environment, thereby favoring the production of more toxins, leading to a more severe disease. The objective of this study was to develop a successful animal model that would induce clinical signs and lesions of NE using C. perfringens type G strains obtained from field outbreaks. A separate trial was simultaneously considered to establish the role of dietary factor with coccidial co-infection in NE. Results The results have shown that use of net-B positive C. perfringens without predisposing factors induce moderate to severe NE (Av. Lesion score 1.79 ± 1.50). In a separate trial, addition of fish meal to a feed of C. perfringens challenged birds produced higher number of NE cases (Av. Lesion score 2.17 ± 1.28). However, use of less virulent E. necatrix strain along with fish meal in conjunction with net-B positive strain did not alter the severity of NE lesions in specific pathogen free chicken (Av. Lesion score 2.21 ± 1.13). Conclusions This study suggests that virulent C. perfringens type G strains can induce NE lesions in the absence of other predisposing factors. Birds in the clostridia challenged group showed moderate to severe NE lesions. Use of less virulent coccidia strain contributed to a lesser extent in increasing the severity of disease. Maize based diet along with fishmeal (1:1) increased the severity of lesions but statistically it was non-significant. The NE lesions in all experimental groups were found to be present more frequently in the duodenum. In this way, this study provided an effective model for in vivo production of NE in poultry birds.
format	article
author	Mudassar Mohiuddin Weikang Yuan Zhongfeng Song Shenquan Liao Nanshan Qi Juan Li Minna Lv Caiyan Wu Xuhui Lin Junjing Hu Haiming Cai Mingfei Sun
author_facet	Mudassar Mohiuddin Weikang Yuan Zhongfeng Song Shenquan Liao Nanshan Qi Juan Li Minna Lv Caiyan Wu Xuhui Lin Junjing Hu Haiming Cai Mingfei Sun
author_sort	Mudassar Mohiuddin
title	Experimental induction of necrotic enteritis with or without predisposing factors using netB positive Clostridium perfringens strains
title_short	Experimental induction of necrotic enteritis with or without predisposing factors using netB positive Clostridium perfringens strains
title_full	Experimental induction of necrotic enteritis with or without predisposing factors using netB positive Clostridium perfringens strains
title_fullStr	Experimental induction of necrotic enteritis with or without predisposing factors using netB positive Clostridium perfringens strains
title_full_unstemmed	Experimental induction of necrotic enteritis with or without predisposing factors using netB positive Clostridium perfringens strains
title_sort	experimental induction of necrotic enteritis with or without predisposing factors using netb positive clostridium perfringens strains
publisher	BMC
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/0fc6a904797a430096f8c2115681256c
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Experimental induction of necrotic enteritis with or without predisposing factors using netB positive Clostridium perfringens strains

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