Predictors of Loss to Follow-Up among HIV-Infected Adults after Initiation of the First-Line Antiretroviral Therapy at Arba Minch General Hospital, Southern Ethiopia: A 5-Year Retrospective Cohort Study

Background. Loss to follow-up (LTFU) from antiretroviral therapy (ART) reduces treatment benefits and leads to treatment failure. Hence, this study was aimed at determining the incidence of loss to follow-up and predictors among HIV-infected adults who began first-line antiretroviral therapy at Arba...

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Autores principales:	Mathewos Alemu Gebremichael, Mekdes Kondale Gurara, Haymanot Nigussie Weldehawaryat, Melkamu Merid Mengesha, Dessalegn Ajema Berbada
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Hindawi Limited 2021
Materias:	Medicine R
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/0fcf213e977e4c34a62fb7db52d86bb5
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:0fcf213e977e4c34a62fb7db52d86bb52021-11-22T01:11:14ZPredictors of Loss to Follow-Up among HIV-Infected Adults after Initiation of the First-Line Antiretroviral Therapy at Arba Minch General Hospital, Southern Ethiopia: A 5-Year Retrospective Cohort Study2314-614110.1155/2021/8659372https://doaj.org/article/0fcf213e977e4c34a62fb7db52d86bb52021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8659372https://doaj.org/toc/2314-6141Background. Loss to follow-up (LTFU) from antiretroviral therapy (ART) reduces treatment benefits and leads to treatment failure. Hence, this study was aimed at determining the incidence of loss to follow-up and predictors among HIV-infected adults who began first-line antiretroviral therapy at Arba Minch General Hospital. Methods. We carried out an institutional-based retrospective cohort study, and data were collected from the charts of 508 patients who were selected using a simple random sampling technique. All the data management and statistical analyses were conducted using STATA version 14. Cumulative survival probability was estimated and presented in the life table, and the Kaplan-Meir survival curves were compared using the log-rank test. The Cox proportional hazard model was used to identify the independent predictors. Results. We followed 508 patients for 871.9 person-years. A total of 46 (9.1%) experienced loss to follow-up, yielding an overall incidence rate of 5.3 (95% CI: 3.9-7.1) per 100 person-years. The cumulative survival probability was 90%, 88%, 86%, and 86% at the end of one, two, three, and four years, respectively. The predictors identified were age less than 35 years (adjusted hazard ratio (aHR=1.96; 95% CI: 1.92-4.00)), rural residence (aHR=1.98; 95% CI: 1.02-3.83), baseline body weight greater than 60 kilograms (aHR=2.19; 95% CI: 1.11-4.37), a fair level of adherence (aHR=11.5; 95% CI: 2.10-61.10), and a poor level of adherence (aHR=12.03; 95% CI: 5.4-26.7). Conclusions. In this study, the incidence rate of loss to follow-up was low. Younger adults below the age of 35 years, living in rural areas, with a baseline weight greater than 60 kilograms, which had a fair and poor adherence level were more likely to be lost from treatment. Therefore, health professionals working in ART clinics and potential stakeholders in HIV/AIDS care and treatment should consider adult patients with these characteristics to prevent LTFU.Mathewos Alemu GebremichaelMekdes Kondale GuraraHaymanot Nigussie WeldehawaryatMelkamu Merid MengeshaDessalegn Ajema BerbadaHindawi LimitedarticleMedicineRENBioMed Research International, Vol 2021 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R
spellingShingle	Medicine R Mathewos Alemu Gebremichael Mekdes Kondale Gurara Haymanot Nigussie Weldehawaryat Melkamu Merid Mengesha Dessalegn Ajema Berbada Predictors of Loss to Follow-Up among HIV-Infected Adults after Initiation of the First-Line Antiretroviral Therapy at Arba Minch General Hospital, Southern Ethiopia: A 5-Year Retrospective Cohort Study
description	Background. Loss to follow-up (LTFU) from antiretroviral therapy (ART) reduces treatment benefits and leads to treatment failure. Hence, this study was aimed at determining the incidence of loss to follow-up and predictors among HIV-infected adults who began first-line antiretroviral therapy at Arba Minch General Hospital. Methods. We carried out an institutional-based retrospective cohort study, and data were collected from the charts of 508 patients who were selected using a simple random sampling technique. All the data management and statistical analyses were conducted using STATA version 14. Cumulative survival probability was estimated and presented in the life table, and the Kaplan-Meir survival curves were compared using the log-rank test. The Cox proportional hazard model was used to identify the independent predictors. Results. We followed 508 patients for 871.9 person-years. A total of 46 (9.1%) experienced loss to follow-up, yielding an overall incidence rate of 5.3 (95% CI: 3.9-7.1) per 100 person-years. The cumulative survival probability was 90%, 88%, 86%, and 86% at the end of one, two, three, and four years, respectively. The predictors identified were age less than 35 years (adjusted hazard ratio (aHR=1.96; 95% CI: 1.92-4.00)), rural residence (aHR=1.98; 95% CI: 1.02-3.83), baseline body weight greater than 60 kilograms (aHR=2.19; 95% CI: 1.11-4.37), a fair level of adherence (aHR=11.5; 95% CI: 2.10-61.10), and a poor level of adherence (aHR=12.03; 95% CI: 5.4-26.7). Conclusions. In this study, the incidence rate of loss to follow-up was low. Younger adults below the age of 35 years, living in rural areas, with a baseline weight greater than 60 kilograms, which had a fair and poor adherence level were more likely to be lost from treatment. Therefore, health professionals working in ART clinics and potential stakeholders in HIV/AIDS care and treatment should consider adult patients with these characteristics to prevent LTFU.
format	article
author	Mathewos Alemu Gebremichael Mekdes Kondale Gurara Haymanot Nigussie Weldehawaryat Melkamu Merid Mengesha Dessalegn Ajema Berbada
author_facet	Mathewos Alemu Gebremichael Mekdes Kondale Gurara Haymanot Nigussie Weldehawaryat Melkamu Merid Mengesha Dessalegn Ajema Berbada
author_sort	Mathewos Alemu Gebremichael
title	Predictors of Loss to Follow-Up among HIV-Infected Adults after Initiation of the First-Line Antiretroviral Therapy at Arba Minch General Hospital, Southern Ethiopia: A 5-Year Retrospective Cohort Study
title_short	Predictors of Loss to Follow-Up among HIV-Infected Adults after Initiation of the First-Line Antiretroviral Therapy at Arba Minch General Hospital, Southern Ethiopia: A 5-Year Retrospective Cohort Study
title_full	Predictors of Loss to Follow-Up among HIV-Infected Adults after Initiation of the First-Line Antiretroviral Therapy at Arba Minch General Hospital, Southern Ethiopia: A 5-Year Retrospective Cohort Study
title_fullStr	Predictors of Loss to Follow-Up among HIV-Infected Adults after Initiation of the First-Line Antiretroviral Therapy at Arba Minch General Hospital, Southern Ethiopia: A 5-Year Retrospective Cohort Study
title_full_unstemmed	Predictors of Loss to Follow-Up among HIV-Infected Adults after Initiation of the First-Line Antiretroviral Therapy at Arba Minch General Hospital, Southern Ethiopia: A 5-Year Retrospective Cohort Study
title_sort	predictors of loss to follow-up among hiv-infected adults after initiation of the first-line antiretroviral therapy at arba minch general hospital, southern ethiopia: a 5-year retrospective cohort study
publisher	Hindawi Limited
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/0fcf213e977e4c34a62fb7db52d86bb5
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Predictors of Loss to Follow-Up among HIV-Infected Adults after Initiation of the First-Line Antiretroviral Therapy at Arba Minch General Hospital, Southern Ethiopia: A 5-Year Retrospective Cohort Study

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