Kleptoplast photosynthesis is nutritionally relevant in the sea slug Elysia viridis

Abstract Several sacoglossan sea slug species feed on macroalgae and incorporate chloroplasts into tubular cells of their digestive diverticula. We investigated the role of the “stolen” chloroplasts (kleptoplasts) in the nutrition of the sea slug Elysia viridis and assessed how their abundance, dist...

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Autores principales:	Paulo Cartaxana, Erik Trampe, Michael Kühl, Sónia Cruz
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2017
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/0fd27204e1df456782bb761629b527fe
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:0fd27204e1df456782bb761629b527fe2021-12-02T15:06:15ZKleptoplast photosynthesis is nutritionally relevant in the sea slug Elysia viridis10.1038/s41598-017-08002-02045-2322https://doaj.org/article/0fd27204e1df456782bb761629b527fe2017-08-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-08002-0https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Several sacoglossan sea slug species feed on macroalgae and incorporate chloroplasts into tubular cells of their digestive diverticula. We investigated the role of the “stolen” chloroplasts (kleptoplasts) in the nutrition of the sea slug Elysia viridis and assessed how their abundance, distribution and photosynthetic activity were affected by light and starvation. Elysia viridis individuals feeding on the macroalga Codium tomentosum were compared with starved specimens kept in dark and low light conditions. A combination of variable Chl a fluorescence and hyperspectral imaging, and HPLC pigment analysis was used to evaluate the spatial and temporal variability of photopigments and of the photosynthetic capacity of kleptoplasts. We show increased loss of weight and body length in dark-starved E. viridis as compared to low light-starved sea slugs. A more pronounced decrease in kleptoplast abundance and lower photosynthetic electron transport rates were observed in dark-starved sea slugs than in low light-starved animals. This study presents strong evidence of the importance of kleptoplast photosynthesis for the nutrition of E. viridis in periods of food scarcity. Deprived of photosynthates, E. viridis could accelerate the breakdown of kleptoplasts in the dark to satisfy its’ energy requirements.Paulo CartaxanaErik TrampeMichael KühlSónia CruzNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 7, Iss 1, Pp 1-10 (2017)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Paulo Cartaxana Erik Trampe Michael Kühl Sónia Cruz Kleptoplast photosynthesis is nutritionally relevant in the sea slug Elysia viridis
description	Abstract Several sacoglossan sea slug species feed on macroalgae and incorporate chloroplasts into tubular cells of their digestive diverticula. We investigated the role of the “stolen” chloroplasts (kleptoplasts) in the nutrition of the sea slug Elysia viridis and assessed how their abundance, distribution and photosynthetic activity were affected by light and starvation. Elysia viridis individuals feeding on the macroalga Codium tomentosum were compared with starved specimens kept in dark and low light conditions. A combination of variable Chl a fluorescence and hyperspectral imaging, and HPLC pigment analysis was used to evaluate the spatial and temporal variability of photopigments and of the photosynthetic capacity of kleptoplasts. We show increased loss of weight and body length in dark-starved E. viridis as compared to low light-starved sea slugs. A more pronounced decrease in kleptoplast abundance and lower photosynthetic electron transport rates were observed in dark-starved sea slugs than in low light-starved animals. This study presents strong evidence of the importance of kleptoplast photosynthesis for the nutrition of E. viridis in periods of food scarcity. Deprived of photosynthates, E. viridis could accelerate the breakdown of kleptoplasts in the dark to satisfy its’ energy requirements.
format	article
author	Paulo Cartaxana Erik Trampe Michael Kühl Sónia Cruz
author_facet	Paulo Cartaxana Erik Trampe Michael Kühl Sónia Cruz
author_sort	Paulo Cartaxana
title	Kleptoplast photosynthesis is nutritionally relevant in the sea slug Elysia viridis
title_short	Kleptoplast photosynthesis is nutritionally relevant in the sea slug Elysia viridis
title_full	Kleptoplast photosynthesis is nutritionally relevant in the sea slug Elysia viridis
title_fullStr	Kleptoplast photosynthesis is nutritionally relevant in the sea slug Elysia viridis
title_full_unstemmed	Kleptoplast photosynthesis is nutritionally relevant in the sea slug Elysia viridis
title_sort	kleptoplast photosynthesis is nutritionally relevant in the sea slug elysia viridis
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2017
url	https://doaj.org/article/0fd27204e1df456782bb761629b527fe
work_keys_str_mv	AT paulocartaxana kleptoplastphotosynthesisisnutritionallyrelevantintheseaslugelysiaviridis AT eriktrampe kleptoplastphotosynthesisisnutritionallyrelevantintheseaslugelysiaviridis AT michaelkuhl kleptoplastphotosynthesisisnutritionallyrelevantintheseaslugelysiaviridis AT soniacruz kleptoplastphotosynthesisisnutritionallyrelevantintheseaslugelysiaviridis
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Kleptoplast photosynthesis is nutritionally relevant in the sea slug Elysia viridis

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