Astronomical age constraints and extinction mechanisms of the Late Triassic Carnian crisis

Abstract The geological record contains evidence for numerous pronounced perturbations in the global carbon cycle, some of which are associated with mass extinction. In the Carnian (Late Triassic), evidence from sedimentology and fossil pollen points to a significant change in climate, resulting in...

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Autores principales:	Charlotte S. Miller, Francien Peterse, Anne-Christine da Silva, Viktória Baranyi, Gert J. Reichart, Wolfram M. Kürschner
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2017
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/0fdd4623bc34445fb54957e46d4f1f82
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:0fdd4623bc34445fb54957e46d4f1f822021-12-02T16:06:57ZAstronomical age constraints and extinction mechanisms of the Late Triassic Carnian crisis10.1038/s41598-017-02817-72045-2322https://doaj.org/article/0fdd4623bc34445fb54957e46d4f1f822017-05-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-02817-7https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract The geological record contains evidence for numerous pronounced perturbations in the global carbon cycle, some of which are associated with mass extinction. In the Carnian (Late Triassic), evidence from sedimentology and fossil pollen points to a significant change in climate, resulting in biotic turnover, during a time termed the ‘Carnian Pluvial Episode’ (CPE). Evidence from the marine realm suggests a causal relationship between the CPE, a global ‘wet’ period, and the injection of light carbon into the atmosphere. Here we provide the first evidence from a terrestrial stratigraphic succession of at least five significant negative C-isotope excursions (CIE)’s through the CPE recorded in both bulk organic carbon and compound specific plant leaf waxes. Furthermore, construction of a floating astronomical timescale for 1.09 Ma of the Late Triassic, based on the recognition of 405 ka eccentricity cycles in elemental abundance and gamma ray (GR) data, allows for the estimation of a duration for the isotope excursion(s). Source mixing calculations reveal that the observed substantial shift(s) in δ13C was most likely caused by a combination of volcanic emissions, subsequent warming and the dissociation of methane clathrates.Charlotte S. MillerFrancien PeterseAnne-Christine da SilvaViktória BaranyiGert J. ReichartWolfram M. KürschnerNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 7, Iss 1, Pp 1-7 (2017)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Charlotte S. Miller Francien Peterse Anne-Christine da Silva Viktória Baranyi Gert J. Reichart Wolfram M. Kürschner Astronomical age constraints and extinction mechanisms of the Late Triassic Carnian crisis
description	Abstract The geological record contains evidence for numerous pronounced perturbations in the global carbon cycle, some of which are associated with mass extinction. In the Carnian (Late Triassic), evidence from sedimentology and fossil pollen points to a significant change in climate, resulting in biotic turnover, during a time termed the ‘Carnian Pluvial Episode’ (CPE). Evidence from the marine realm suggests a causal relationship between the CPE, a global ‘wet’ period, and the injection of light carbon into the atmosphere. Here we provide the first evidence from a terrestrial stratigraphic succession of at least five significant negative C-isotope excursions (CIE)’s through the CPE recorded in both bulk organic carbon and compound specific plant leaf waxes. Furthermore, construction of a floating astronomical timescale for 1.09 Ma of the Late Triassic, based on the recognition of 405 ka eccentricity cycles in elemental abundance and gamma ray (GR) data, allows for the estimation of a duration for the isotope excursion(s). Source mixing calculations reveal that the observed substantial shift(s) in δ13C was most likely caused by a combination of volcanic emissions, subsequent warming and the dissociation of methane clathrates.
format	article
author	Charlotte S. Miller Francien Peterse Anne-Christine da Silva Viktória Baranyi Gert J. Reichart Wolfram M. Kürschner
author_facet	Charlotte S. Miller Francien Peterse Anne-Christine da Silva Viktória Baranyi Gert J. Reichart Wolfram M. Kürschner
author_sort	Charlotte S. Miller
title	Astronomical age constraints and extinction mechanisms of the Late Triassic Carnian crisis
title_short	Astronomical age constraints and extinction mechanisms of the Late Triassic Carnian crisis
title_full	Astronomical age constraints and extinction mechanisms of the Late Triassic Carnian crisis
title_fullStr	Astronomical age constraints and extinction mechanisms of the Late Triassic Carnian crisis
title_full_unstemmed	Astronomical age constraints and extinction mechanisms of the Late Triassic Carnian crisis
title_sort	astronomical age constraints and extinction mechanisms of the late triassic carnian crisis
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2017
url	https://doaj.org/article/0fdd4623bc34445fb54957e46d4f1f82
work_keys_str_mv	AT charlottesmiller astronomicalageconstraintsandextinctionmechanismsofthelatetriassiccarniancrisis AT francienpeterse astronomicalageconstraintsandextinctionmechanismsofthelatetriassiccarniancrisis AT annechristinedasilva astronomicalageconstraintsandextinctionmechanismsofthelatetriassiccarniancrisis AT viktoriabaranyi astronomicalageconstraintsandextinctionmechanismsofthelatetriassiccarniancrisis AT gertjreichart astronomicalageconstraintsandextinctionmechanismsofthelatetriassiccarniancrisis AT wolframmkurschner astronomicalageconstraintsandextinctionmechanismsofthelatetriassiccarniancrisis
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Astronomical age constraints and extinction mechanisms of the Late Triassic Carnian crisis

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