Polycystic Ovary Syndrome as a systemic disease with multiple molecular pathways: a narrative review

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is characterized by hyperandrogenism, amenorrhea, and polycystic ovaries. This endocrinopathy is associated with many metabolic disorders such as dyslipidemia and insulin resistance, with increased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, and cardiovascu...

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Autores principales:	Carvalho Laura M. L., dos Reis Fernando M., Candido Ana Lucia, Nunes Fernanda F. C., Ferreira Claudia N., Gomes Karina B.
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Sciendo 2018
Materias:	polycystic ovary syndrome pathophysiology metabolism inflammation hyperandrogenism hemostasis Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology RC648-665
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/0fe98eb016ac4a9b9e9d18949be2b9d6
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:0fe98eb016ac4a9b9e9d18949be2b9d62021-12-02T17:49:32ZPolycystic Ovary Syndrome as a systemic disease with multiple molecular pathways: a narrative review1336-032910.2478/enr-2018-0026https://doaj.org/article/0fe98eb016ac4a9b9e9d18949be2b9d62018-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.2478/enr-2018-0026https://doaj.org/toc/1336-0329Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is characterized by hyperandrogenism, amenorrhea, and polycystic ovaries. This endocrinopathy is associated with many metabolic disorders such as dyslipidemia and insulin resistance, with increased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, and cardiovascular complications. Inflammation is likely to play an important role in the promoting these metabolic imbalances, while prothrombotic and pro-oxidative mechanisms further contribute to the cardiovascular risk of these patients. The etiology of PCOS is still not fully understood, but there is evidence of genetic and environmental components. This review aims to discuss some molecular pathways associated with PCOS that could contribute to the better understanding about this syndrome. Recent evidence suggests that intrauterine exposure of female mice to an excess of anti-Müllerian hormone may induce PCOS features in their post-natal life. High cytokine levels and cytokine gene polymorphisms also appear to be associated with the pathophysiology of PCOS. Furthermore, high levels of microparticles may contribute to the altered hemostasis and enhanced inflammation in PCOS. All these mechanisms may be relevant to clarify some aspects of PCOS pathogenesis and inspire new strategies to prevent the syndrome as well as treat its symptoms and mitigate the risk of long-term complications.Carvalho Laura M. L.dos Reis Fernando M.Candido Ana LuciaNunes Fernanda F. C.Ferreira Claudia N.Gomes Karina B.Sciendoarticlepolycystic ovary syndromepathophysiologymetabolisminflammationhyperandrogenismhemostasisDiseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinologyRC648-665ENEndocrine Regulations, Vol 52, Iss 4, Pp 208-221 (2018)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	polycystic ovary syndrome pathophysiology metabolism inflammation hyperandrogenism hemostasis Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology RC648-665
spellingShingle	polycystic ovary syndrome pathophysiology metabolism inflammation hyperandrogenism hemostasis Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology RC648-665 Carvalho Laura M. L. dos Reis Fernando M. Candido Ana Lucia Nunes Fernanda F. C. Ferreira Claudia N. Gomes Karina B. Polycystic Ovary Syndrome as a systemic disease with multiple molecular pathways: a narrative review
description	Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is characterized by hyperandrogenism, amenorrhea, and polycystic ovaries. This endocrinopathy is associated with many metabolic disorders such as dyslipidemia and insulin resistance, with increased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, and cardiovascular complications. Inflammation is likely to play an important role in the promoting these metabolic imbalances, while prothrombotic and pro-oxidative mechanisms further contribute to the cardiovascular risk of these patients. The etiology of PCOS is still not fully understood, but there is evidence of genetic and environmental components. This review aims to discuss some molecular pathways associated with PCOS that could contribute to the better understanding about this syndrome. Recent evidence suggests that intrauterine exposure of female mice to an excess of anti-Müllerian hormone may induce PCOS features in their post-natal life. High cytokine levels and cytokine gene polymorphisms also appear to be associated with the pathophysiology of PCOS. Furthermore, high levels of microparticles may contribute to the altered hemostasis and enhanced inflammation in PCOS. All these mechanisms may be relevant to clarify some aspects of PCOS pathogenesis and inspire new strategies to prevent the syndrome as well as treat its symptoms and mitigate the risk of long-term complications.
format	article
author	Carvalho Laura M. L. dos Reis Fernando M. Candido Ana Lucia Nunes Fernanda F. C. Ferreira Claudia N. Gomes Karina B.
author_facet	Carvalho Laura M. L. dos Reis Fernando M. Candido Ana Lucia Nunes Fernanda F. C. Ferreira Claudia N. Gomes Karina B.
author_sort	Carvalho Laura M. L.
title	Polycystic Ovary Syndrome as a systemic disease with multiple molecular pathways: a narrative review
title_short	Polycystic Ovary Syndrome as a systemic disease with multiple molecular pathways: a narrative review
title_full	Polycystic Ovary Syndrome as a systemic disease with multiple molecular pathways: a narrative review
title_fullStr	Polycystic Ovary Syndrome as a systemic disease with multiple molecular pathways: a narrative review
title_full_unstemmed	Polycystic Ovary Syndrome as a systemic disease with multiple molecular pathways: a narrative review
title_sort	polycystic ovary syndrome as a systemic disease with multiple molecular pathways: a narrative review
publisher	Sciendo
publishDate	2018
url	https://doaj.org/article/0fe98eb016ac4a9b9e9d18949be2b9d6
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Polycystic Ovary Syndrome as a systemic disease with multiple molecular pathways: a narrative review

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