Huma man Tiss ssue Kallikreins – A Famil ily with ma many surprises

The hu human tissue kallikreins (KLKs) form a family of 15 closely related serine proteases. They are encoded by conserved genes tandemly located in a large gene clu luster (320 kb) on chromosome 19q13.4. The first three members of the family, KLK1 (tissue kallikrein), KLK2, and KLK3 (Prostate speci...

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Autores principales:	Tove I. Klokk, Zhijun Xi, Fahri Saatcioglu
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	De Gruyter 2006
Materias:	kallikreins tissue endopeptidase gene family cancer tumor markers Biochemistry QD415-436
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/100bb2cdd4624b22b958f22a19888fd0
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id	oai:doaj.org-article:100bb2cdd4624b22b958f22a19888fd0
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:100bb2cdd4624b22b958f22a19888fd02021-12-02T13:19:51ZHuma man Tiss ssue Kallikreins – A Famil ily with ma many surprises0250-46851303-829Xhttps://doaj.org/article/100bb2cdd4624b22b958f22a19888fd02006-06-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.turkjbiochem.com/2006/069_078.pdfhttps://doaj.org/toc/0250-4685https://doaj.org/toc/1303-829XThe hu human tissue kallikreins (KLKs) form a family of 15 closely related serine proteases. They are encoded by conserved genes tandemly located in a large gene clu luster (320 kb) on chromosome 19q13.4. The first three members of the family, KLK1 (tissue kallikrein), KLK2, and KLK3 (Prostate specific antigen, PSA) were long thought ht to be the only members of the family. However, during the last decade the availability of hu human genome sequence and extensive screening of the KLK locus has revealed the presence of 12 additional KLK genes. With the complete descrip iption of the hu human KLK locus, the main research effort is now centered around the elucidation of potential biological functions of the KLKs. PSA/KLK3 is a well known biomarker for prostate cancer; KLK2 is also being considered as a marker for this disease. e. At present, other members of the KLK family are under investigation as potential markers in disease states. In fact, several have shown potential as prognostic biomarkers, especially in hormone dependent cancers, suchas those involving the prostate, breast and ovary. Although the biological function of KLKs are still in large part unknown, they are expressed in a wide range of tissues, suggesting a functional role in diverse physiological and pathophysiological processes. Among others, these inclu lude skin desquamation and other skin diseases,tooth development and enamel defects, Alzheimer’s disease, and Parkinson’s disease. e. An increasing interest in the role of KLKs in disease has also resulted in research into potential substrates of the KLKs, which may give clues to theirfunctional role. e. In vitro studies have shown that some KLKs can auto-activate, while others can activate each other, suggesting that the KLKs may be part of an enzymatic cascade. e. Further research will reveal the functional roles of KLKs in various tissues, and whether they have clinical utility as biomarkers for disease states, a , and p d possibly a y also a o as t s therapeutic t c targets.Tove I. KlokkZhijun Xi,Fahri SaatciogluDe Gruyterarticlekallikreinstissue endopeptidasegene familycancertumor markersBiochemistryQD415-436ENTürk Biyokimya Dergisi, Vol 31, Iss 2, Pp 69-78 (2006)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	kallikreins tissue endopeptidase gene family cancer tumor markers Biochemistry QD415-436
spellingShingle	kallikreins tissue endopeptidase gene family cancer tumor markers Biochemistry QD415-436 Tove I. Klokk Zhijun Xi, Fahri Saatcioglu Huma man Tiss ssue Kallikreins – A Famil ily with ma many surprises
description	The hu human tissue kallikreins (KLKs) form a family of 15 closely related serine proteases. They are encoded by conserved genes tandemly located in a large gene clu luster (320 kb) on chromosome 19q13.4. The first three members of the family, KLK1 (tissue kallikrein), KLK2, and KLK3 (Prostate specific antigen, PSA) were long thought ht to be the only members of the family. However, during the last decade the availability of hu human genome sequence and extensive screening of the KLK locus has revealed the presence of 12 additional KLK genes. With the complete descrip iption of the hu human KLK locus, the main research effort is now centered around the elucidation of potential biological functions of the KLKs. PSA/KLK3 is a well known biomarker for prostate cancer; KLK2 is also being considered as a marker for this disease. e. At present, other members of the KLK family are under investigation as potential markers in disease states. In fact, several have shown potential as prognostic biomarkers, especially in hormone dependent cancers, suchas those involving the prostate, breast and ovary. Although the biological function of KLKs are still in large part unknown, they are expressed in a wide range of tissues, suggesting a functional role in diverse physiological and pathophysiological processes. Among others, these inclu lude skin desquamation and other skin diseases,tooth development and enamel defects, Alzheimer’s disease, and Parkinson’s disease. e. An increasing interest in the role of KLKs in disease has also resulted in research into potential substrates of the KLKs, which may give clues to theirfunctional role. e. In vitro studies have shown that some KLKs can auto-activate, while others can activate each other, suggesting that the KLKs may be part of an enzymatic cascade. e. Further research will reveal the functional roles of KLKs in various tissues, and whether they have clinical utility as biomarkers for disease states, a , and p d possibly a y also a o as t s therapeutic t c targets.
format	article
author	Tove I. Klokk Zhijun Xi, Fahri Saatcioglu
author_facet	Tove I. Klokk Zhijun Xi, Fahri Saatcioglu
author_sort	Tove I. Klokk
title	Huma man Tiss ssue Kallikreins – A Famil ily with ma many surprises
title_short	Huma man Tiss ssue Kallikreins – A Famil ily with ma many surprises
title_full	Huma man Tiss ssue Kallikreins – A Famil ily with ma many surprises
title_fullStr	Huma man Tiss ssue Kallikreins – A Famil ily with ma many surprises
title_full_unstemmed	Huma man Tiss ssue Kallikreins – A Famil ily with ma many surprises
title_sort	huma man tiss ssue kallikreins – a famil ily with ma many surprises
publisher	De Gruyter
publishDate	2006
url	https://doaj.org/article/100bb2cdd4624b22b958f22a19888fd0
work_keys_str_mv	AT toveiklokk humamantissssuekallikreinsafamililywithmamanysurprises AT zhijunxi humamantissssuekallikreinsafamililywithmamanysurprises AT fahrisaatcioglu humamantissssuekallikreinsafamililywithmamanysurprises
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Huma man Tiss ssue Kallikreins – A Famil ily with ma many surprises

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