Blink patterns and lid-contact times in dry-eye and normal subjects

George W Ousler 3rd,1 Mark B Abelson,1,2 Patrick R Johnston,1 John Rodriguez,1 Keith Lane,1 Lisa M Smith11Ora, Andover, MA, USA; 2Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USAPurpose: To classify blinks in dry eye and normal subjects into six subtypes, and to define the blink...

Descripción completa

Guardado en:

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales:	Ousler GW 3rd, Abelson MB, Johnston PR, Rodriguez J, Lane K, Smith LM
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2014
Materias:	Ophthalmology RE1-994
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/10199ccc2e884da298b3bfad2f69ca53
Etiquetas:	Agregar Etiqueta Sin Etiquetas, Sea el primero en etiquetar este registro!

id	oai:doaj.org-article:10199ccc2e884da298b3bfad2f69ca53
record_format	dspace
spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:10199ccc2e884da298b3bfad2f69ca532021-12-02T01:08:36ZBlink patterns and lid-contact times in dry-eye and normal subjects1177-5483https://doaj.org/article/10199ccc2e884da298b3bfad2f69ca532014-05-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.dovepress.com/blink-patterns-and-lid-contact-times-in-dry-eye-and-normal-subjects-a16664https://doaj.org/toc/1177-5483 George W Ousler 3rd,1 Mark B Abelson,1,2 Patrick R Johnston,1 John Rodriguez,1 Keith Lane,1 Lisa M Smith11Ora, Andover, MA, USA; 2Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USAPurpose: To classify blinks in dry eye and normal subjects into six subtypes, and to define the blink rate and duration within each type of blink, as well as the total lid-contact time/minute.Materials and methods: This was a single-centered, prospective, double-blind study of eleven dry-eye and ten normal subjects. Predefined subjects watched a video while blinks were recorded for 10 minutes. Partial blinks were classified by percentage closure of maximal palpebral fissure opening: 25%, 50%, 75%. Complete blinks were characterized as full (>0 seconds), extended (>0.1 seconds), or superextended (>0.5 seconds). The mean duration of each type of blink was determined and standardized per minute as total lid-contact time.Results: Total blinks observed were 4,990 (1,414 normal, 3,756 dry eye): 1,809 (50.59%) partial and 1,767 (49.41%) complete blinks among dry-eye subjects versus 741 (52.90%) partial and 673 (47.60%) complete blinks among normal subjects. Only superextended blinks of ≥0.5-second duration were significantly more frequent in dry-eye subjects than normals (2.3% versus 0.2%, respectively; P=0.023). Total contact time was seven times higher in dry-eye subjects than normals (0.565 versus 0.080 seconds, respectively; P<0.001). Isolating only extended blinks (>0.1 second), the average contact time (seconds) was four times longer in dry-eye versus normal subjects (2.459 in dry eye, 0.575 in normals; P=0.003). Isolating only superextended blinks (>0.5 seconds), average contact time was also significantly different (7.134 in dry eye, 1.589 in normals; P<0.001). The contact rate for all full closures was 6.4 times longer in dry-eye (0.045 versus 0.007, P<0.001) than normal subjects.Conclusion: Dry-eye subjects spent 4.5% of a minute with their eyes closed, while normal subjects spent 0.7% of a minute with their eyes closed. Contact time might play a role in the visual function decay associated with increased blink rates.Keywords: keratoconjunctivitis sicca, dysfunctional tear syndrome, interblink interval, blink rate, visual function, visual tasks, diagnostic model, eyelid closures, microsleepsOusler GW 3rdAbelson MBJohnston PRRodriguez JLane KSmith LMDove Medical PressarticleOphthalmologyRE1-994ENClinical Ophthalmology, Vol 2014, Iss default, Pp 869-874 (2014)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Ophthalmology RE1-994
spellingShingle	Ophthalmology RE1-994 Ousler GW 3rd Abelson MB Johnston PR Rodriguez J Lane K Smith LM Blink patterns and lid-contact times in dry-eye and normal subjects
description	George W Ousler 3rd,1 Mark B Abelson,1,2 Patrick R Johnston,1 John Rodriguez,1 Keith Lane,1 Lisa M Smith11Ora, Andover, MA, USA; 2Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USAPurpose: To classify blinks in dry eye and normal subjects into six subtypes, and to define the blink rate and duration within each type of blink, as well as the total lid-contact time/minute.Materials and methods: This was a single-centered, prospective, double-blind study of eleven dry-eye and ten normal subjects. Predefined subjects watched a video while blinks were recorded for 10 minutes. Partial blinks were classified by percentage closure of maximal palpebral fissure opening: 25%, 50%, 75%. Complete blinks were characterized as full (>0 seconds), extended (>0.1 seconds), or superextended (>0.5 seconds). The mean duration of each type of blink was determined and standardized per minute as total lid-contact time.Results: Total blinks observed were 4,990 (1,414 normal, 3,756 dry eye): 1,809 (50.59%) partial and 1,767 (49.41%) complete blinks among dry-eye subjects versus 741 (52.90%) partial and 673 (47.60%) complete blinks among normal subjects. Only superextended blinks of ≥0.5-second duration were significantly more frequent in dry-eye subjects than normals (2.3% versus 0.2%, respectively; P=0.023). Total contact time was seven times higher in dry-eye subjects than normals (0.565 versus 0.080 seconds, respectively; P<0.001). Isolating only extended blinks (>0.1 second), the average contact time (seconds) was four times longer in dry-eye versus normal subjects (2.459 in dry eye, 0.575 in normals; P=0.003). Isolating only superextended blinks (>0.5 seconds), average contact time was also significantly different (7.134 in dry eye, 1.589 in normals; P<0.001). The contact rate for all full closures was 6.4 times longer in dry-eye (0.045 versus 0.007, P<0.001) than normal subjects.Conclusion: Dry-eye subjects spent 4.5% of a minute with their eyes closed, while normal subjects spent 0.7% of a minute with their eyes closed. Contact time might play a role in the visual function decay associated with increased blink rates.Keywords: keratoconjunctivitis sicca, dysfunctional tear syndrome, interblink interval, blink rate, visual function, visual tasks, diagnostic model, eyelid closures, microsleeps
format	article
author	Ousler GW 3rd Abelson MB Johnston PR Rodriguez J Lane K Smith LM
author_facet	Ousler GW 3rd Abelson MB Johnston PR Rodriguez J Lane K Smith LM
author_sort	Ousler GW 3rd
title	Blink patterns and lid-contact times in dry-eye and normal subjects
title_short	Blink patterns and lid-contact times in dry-eye and normal subjects
title_full	Blink patterns and lid-contact times in dry-eye and normal subjects
title_fullStr	Blink patterns and lid-contact times in dry-eye and normal subjects
title_full_unstemmed	Blink patterns and lid-contact times in dry-eye and normal subjects
title_sort	blink patterns and lid-contact times in dry-eye and normal subjects
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2014
url	https://doaj.org/article/10199ccc2e884da298b3bfad2f69ca53
work_keys_str_mv	AT ouslergw3rd blinkpatternsandlidcontacttimesindryeyeandnormalsubjects AT abelsonmb blinkpatternsandlidcontacttimesindryeyeandnormalsubjects AT johnstonpr blinkpatternsandlidcontacttimesindryeyeandnormalsubjects AT rodriguezj blinkpatternsandlidcontacttimesindryeyeandnormalsubjects AT lanek blinkpatternsandlidcontacttimesindryeyeandnormalsubjects AT smithlm blinkpatternsandlidcontacttimesindryeyeandnormalsubjects
_version_	1718403239455490048

Blink patterns and lid-contact times in dry-eye and normal subjects

Ejemplares similares