Mating Stimulates the Immune Response and Sperm Storage-Related Genes Expression in Spermathecae of Bumblebee (Bombus terrestris) Queen

Bumblebee queens have remarkable spermathecae that store sperm for year-round reproduction. The spermathecal gland is regarded as a secretory organ that could benefit sperm storage. Queen mating provokes substantial physiological, behavioral, and gene expression changes. Here, the transcriptomes of...

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Autores principales:	Yueqin Guo, Qi Zhang, Xiao Hu, Chunxiu Pang, Jilian Li, Jiaxing Huang
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	bumblebee Bombus terrestris spermathecae transcriptome RT-qPCR gene expression Genetics QH426-470
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/10276f1cca8e4a409925c6876c1d9c30
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:10276f1cca8e4a409925c6876c1d9c302021-12-01T06:32:48ZMating Stimulates the Immune Response and Sperm Storage-Related Genes Expression in Spermathecae of Bumblebee (Bombus terrestris) Queen1664-802110.3389/fgene.2021.795669https://doaj.org/article/10276f1cca8e4a409925c6876c1d9c302021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fgene.2021.795669/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/1664-8021Bumblebee queens have remarkable spermathecae that store sperm for year-round reproduction. The spermathecal gland is regarded as a secretory organ that could benefit sperm storage. Queen mating provokes substantial physiological, behavioral, and gene expression changes. Here, the transcriptomes of spermathecae were compared between virgins and mated queens of the bumblebee, Bombus terrestris L., at 24 h post mating. Differentially expressed genes were further validated by real time quantitative PCR and immunofluorescence assay. In total, the expression of 11, 069 and 10, 862 genes were identified in virgins and mated queens, respectively. We identified that 176 differentially expressed genes between virgin and mated queen spermathecae: 110 (62.5%) genes were upregulated, and 66 (37.5%) genes were downregulated in mated queens. Most of the differentially expressed genes validated by RT-qPCR were concentrated on immune response [i.e., leucine-rich repeat-containing protein 70 (35.8-fold), phenoloxidase 2 (41.9-fold), and defensin (4.9-fold)] and sperm storage [i.e., chymotrypsin inhibitor (6.2-fold), trehalose transporter Tret1 (1.7-, 1.9-, 2.4-, and 2.4-fold), and heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A3 (1.2-, and 2.6-fold)] functions in the spermathecae of mated queens. Procollagen-lysine, 2-oxoglutarate 5-dioxygenase 1 (PLOD1) was hypothesized to promote the mating behavior according to RT-qPCR and immunofluorescence assay. The expression levels of most upregulated immune genes were decreased significantly at 3 days post mating. In conclusion, the external sperm transfer into spermathecae led to the significantly upregulated immune response genes in bumblebees. These gene expression differences in queen spermathecae contribute to understanding the bumblebee post mating regulatory network.Yueqin GuoQi ZhangQi ZhangXiao HuChunxiu PangChunxiu PangJilian LiJiaxing HuangFrontiers Media S.A.articlebumblebeeBombus terrestrisspermathecaetranscriptomeRT-qPCRgene expressionGeneticsQH426-470ENFrontiers in Genetics, Vol 12 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	bumblebee Bombus terrestris spermathecae transcriptome RT-qPCR gene expression Genetics QH426-470
spellingShingle	bumblebee Bombus terrestris spermathecae transcriptome RT-qPCR gene expression Genetics QH426-470 Yueqin Guo Qi Zhang Qi Zhang Xiao Hu Chunxiu Pang Chunxiu Pang Jilian Li Jiaxing Huang Mating Stimulates the Immune Response and Sperm Storage-Related Genes Expression in Spermathecae of Bumblebee (Bombus terrestris) Queen
description	Bumblebee queens have remarkable spermathecae that store sperm for year-round reproduction. The spermathecal gland is regarded as a secretory organ that could benefit sperm storage. Queen mating provokes substantial physiological, behavioral, and gene expression changes. Here, the transcriptomes of spermathecae were compared between virgins and mated queens of the bumblebee, Bombus terrestris L., at 24 h post mating. Differentially expressed genes were further validated by real time quantitative PCR and immunofluorescence assay. In total, the expression of 11, 069 and 10, 862 genes were identified in virgins and mated queens, respectively. We identified that 176 differentially expressed genes between virgin and mated queen spermathecae: 110 (62.5%) genes were upregulated, and 66 (37.5%) genes were downregulated in mated queens. Most of the differentially expressed genes validated by RT-qPCR were concentrated on immune response [i.e., leucine-rich repeat-containing protein 70 (35.8-fold), phenoloxidase 2 (41.9-fold), and defensin (4.9-fold)] and sperm storage [i.e., chymotrypsin inhibitor (6.2-fold), trehalose transporter Tret1 (1.7-, 1.9-, 2.4-, and 2.4-fold), and heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A3 (1.2-, and 2.6-fold)] functions in the spermathecae of mated queens. Procollagen-lysine, 2-oxoglutarate 5-dioxygenase 1 (PLOD1) was hypothesized to promote the mating behavior according to RT-qPCR and immunofluorescence assay. The expression levels of most upregulated immune genes were decreased significantly at 3 days post mating. In conclusion, the external sperm transfer into spermathecae led to the significantly upregulated immune response genes in bumblebees. These gene expression differences in queen spermathecae contribute to understanding the bumblebee post mating regulatory network.
format	article
author	Yueqin Guo Qi Zhang Qi Zhang Xiao Hu Chunxiu Pang Chunxiu Pang Jilian Li Jiaxing Huang
author_facet	Yueqin Guo Qi Zhang Qi Zhang Xiao Hu Chunxiu Pang Chunxiu Pang Jilian Li Jiaxing Huang
author_sort	Yueqin Guo
title	Mating Stimulates the Immune Response and Sperm Storage-Related Genes Expression in Spermathecae of Bumblebee (Bombus terrestris) Queen
title_short	Mating Stimulates the Immune Response and Sperm Storage-Related Genes Expression in Spermathecae of Bumblebee (Bombus terrestris) Queen
title_full	Mating Stimulates the Immune Response and Sperm Storage-Related Genes Expression in Spermathecae of Bumblebee (Bombus terrestris) Queen
title_fullStr	Mating Stimulates the Immune Response and Sperm Storage-Related Genes Expression in Spermathecae of Bumblebee (Bombus terrestris) Queen
title_full_unstemmed	Mating Stimulates the Immune Response and Sperm Storage-Related Genes Expression in Spermathecae of Bumblebee (Bombus terrestris) Queen
title_sort	mating stimulates the immune response and sperm storage-related genes expression in spermathecae of bumblebee (bombus terrestris) queen
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/10276f1cca8e4a409925c6876c1d9c30
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Mating Stimulates the Immune Response and Sperm Storage-Related Genes Expression in Spermathecae of Bumblebee (Bombus terrestris) Queen

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