Current status and challenges in drug discovery against the globally important zoonotic cryptosporidiosis
Abstract The zoonotic cryptosporidiosis is globally distributed, one of the major diarrheal diseases in humans and animals. Cryptosporidium oocysts are also one of the major environmental concerns, making it a pathogen that fits well into the One Health concept. Despite its importance, fully effecti...
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2021
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oai:doaj.org-article:1031ec19bbc7408083dd65046de876af2021-11-14T12:06:16ZCurrent status and challenges in drug discovery against the globally important zoonotic cryptosporidiosis10.1186/s44149-021-00002-y2731-0442https://doaj.org/article/1031ec19bbc7408083dd65046de876af2021-04-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1186/s44149-021-00002-yhttps://doaj.org/toc/2731-0442Abstract The zoonotic cryptosporidiosis is globally distributed, one of the major diarrheal diseases in humans and animals. Cryptosporidium oocysts are also one of the major environmental concerns, making it a pathogen that fits well into the One Health concept. Despite its importance, fully effective drugs are not yet available. Anti-cryptosporidial drug discovery has historically faced many unusual challenges attributed to unique parasite biology and technical burdens. While significant progresses have been made recently, anti-cryptosporidial drug discovery still faces a major obstacle: identification of systemic drugs that can be absorbed by patients experiencing watery diarrhea and effectively pass through electron-dense (ED) band at the parasite-host cell interface to act on the epicellular parasite. There may be a need to develop an in vitro assay to effectively screen hits/leads for their capability to cross ED band. In the meantime, non-systemic drugs with strong mucoadhesive properties for extended gastrointestinal exposure may represent another direction in developing anti-cryptosporidial therapeutics. For developing both systemic and non-systemic drugs, a non-ruminant animal model exhibiting diarrheal symptoms suitable for routine evaluation of drug absorption and anti-cryptosporidial efficacy may be very helpful.Guan ZhuJigang YinGregory D. CunyBMCarticleCryptosporidiumCryptosporidiosisDrug discoveryWatery diarrheaElectron-dense bandDrug deliveryVeterinary medicineSF600-1100Public aspects of medicineRA1-1270ENAnimal Diseases, Vol 1, Iss 1, Pp 1-10 (2021) |
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DOAJ |
| collection |
DOAJ |
| language |
EN |
| topic |
Cryptosporidium Cryptosporidiosis Drug discovery Watery diarrhea Electron-dense band Drug delivery Veterinary medicine SF600-1100 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
| spellingShingle |
Cryptosporidium Cryptosporidiosis Drug discovery Watery diarrhea Electron-dense band Drug delivery Veterinary medicine SF600-1100 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Guan Zhu Jigang Yin Gregory D. Cuny Current status and challenges in drug discovery against the globally important zoonotic cryptosporidiosis |
| description |
Abstract The zoonotic cryptosporidiosis is globally distributed, one of the major diarrheal diseases in humans and animals. Cryptosporidium oocysts are also one of the major environmental concerns, making it a pathogen that fits well into the One Health concept. Despite its importance, fully effective drugs are not yet available. Anti-cryptosporidial drug discovery has historically faced many unusual challenges attributed to unique parasite biology and technical burdens. While significant progresses have been made recently, anti-cryptosporidial drug discovery still faces a major obstacle: identification of systemic drugs that can be absorbed by patients experiencing watery diarrhea and effectively pass through electron-dense (ED) band at the parasite-host cell interface to act on the epicellular parasite. There may be a need to develop an in vitro assay to effectively screen hits/leads for their capability to cross ED band. In the meantime, non-systemic drugs with strong mucoadhesive properties for extended gastrointestinal exposure may represent another direction in developing anti-cryptosporidial therapeutics. For developing both systemic and non-systemic drugs, a non-ruminant animal model exhibiting diarrheal symptoms suitable for routine evaluation of drug absorption and anti-cryptosporidial efficacy may be very helpful. |
| format |
article |
| author |
Guan Zhu Jigang Yin Gregory D. Cuny |
| author_facet |
Guan Zhu Jigang Yin Gregory D. Cuny |
| author_sort |
Guan Zhu |
| title |
Current status and challenges in drug discovery against the globally important zoonotic cryptosporidiosis |
| title_short |
Current status and challenges in drug discovery against the globally important zoonotic cryptosporidiosis |
| title_full |
Current status and challenges in drug discovery against the globally important zoonotic cryptosporidiosis |
| title_fullStr |
Current status and challenges in drug discovery against the globally important zoonotic cryptosporidiosis |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Current status and challenges in drug discovery against the globally important zoonotic cryptosporidiosis |
| title_sort |
current status and challenges in drug discovery against the globally important zoonotic cryptosporidiosis |
| publisher |
BMC |
| publishDate |
2021 |
| url |
https://doaj.org/article/1031ec19bbc7408083dd65046de876af |
| work_keys_str_mv |
AT guanzhu currentstatusandchallengesindrugdiscoveryagainstthegloballyimportantzoonoticcryptosporidiosis AT jigangyin currentstatusandchallengesindrugdiscoveryagainstthegloballyimportantzoonoticcryptosporidiosis AT gregorydcuny currentstatusandchallengesindrugdiscoveryagainstthegloballyimportantzoonoticcryptosporidiosis |
| _version_ |
1718429448687058944 |