Risking your life without a second thought: intuitive decision-making and extreme altruism.

When faced with the chance to help someone in mortal danger, what is our first response? Do we leap into action, only later considering the risks to ourselves? Or must instinctive self-preservation be overcome by will-power in order to act? We investigate this question by examining the testimony of...

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Autores principales:	David G Rand, Ziv G Epstein
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2014
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/1038ea9bcb6c42aaabc2fceae3c61d4e
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:1038ea9bcb6c42aaabc2fceae3c61d4e2021-11-25T05:56:28ZRisking your life without a second thought: intuitive decision-making and extreme altruism.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0109687https://doaj.org/article/1038ea9bcb6c42aaabc2fceae3c61d4e2014-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0109687https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203When faced with the chance to help someone in mortal danger, what is our first response? Do we leap into action, only later considering the risks to ourselves? Or must instinctive self-preservation be overcome by will-power in order to act? We investigate this question by examining the testimony of Carnegie Hero Medal Recipients (CHMRs), extreme altruists who risked their lives to save others. We collected published interviews with CHMRs where they described their decisions to help. We then had participants rate the intuitiveness versus deliberativeness of the decision-making process described in each CHMR statement. The statements were judged to be overwhelmingly dominated by intuition; to be significantly more intuitive than a set of control statements describing deliberative decision-making; and to not differ significantly from a set of intuitive control statements. This remained true when restricting to scenarios in which the CHMRs had sufficient time to reflect before acting if they had so chosen. Text-analysis software found similar results. These findings suggest that high-stakes extreme altruism may be largely motivated by automatic, intuitive processes.David G RandZiv G EpsteinPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 9, Iss 10, p e109687 (2014)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q David G Rand Ziv G Epstein Risking your life without a second thought: intuitive decision-making and extreme altruism.
description	When faced with the chance to help someone in mortal danger, what is our first response? Do we leap into action, only later considering the risks to ourselves? Or must instinctive self-preservation be overcome by will-power in order to act? We investigate this question by examining the testimony of Carnegie Hero Medal Recipients (CHMRs), extreme altruists who risked their lives to save others. We collected published interviews with CHMRs where they described their decisions to help. We then had participants rate the intuitiveness versus deliberativeness of the decision-making process described in each CHMR statement. The statements were judged to be overwhelmingly dominated by intuition; to be significantly more intuitive than a set of control statements describing deliberative decision-making; and to not differ significantly from a set of intuitive control statements. This remained true when restricting to scenarios in which the CHMRs had sufficient time to reflect before acting if they had so chosen. Text-analysis software found similar results. These findings suggest that high-stakes extreme altruism may be largely motivated by automatic, intuitive processes.
format	article
author	David G Rand Ziv G Epstein
author_facet	David G Rand Ziv G Epstein
author_sort	David G Rand
title	Risking your life without a second thought: intuitive decision-making and extreme altruism.
title_short	Risking your life without a second thought: intuitive decision-making and extreme altruism.
title_full	Risking your life without a second thought: intuitive decision-making and extreme altruism.
title_fullStr	Risking your life without a second thought: intuitive decision-making and extreme altruism.
title_full_unstemmed	Risking your life without a second thought: intuitive decision-making and extreme altruism.
title_sort	risking your life without a second thought: intuitive decision-making and extreme altruism.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2014
url	https://doaj.org/article/1038ea9bcb6c42aaabc2fceae3c61d4e
work_keys_str_mv	AT davidgrand riskingyourlifewithoutasecondthoughtintuitivedecisionmakingandextremealtruism AT zivgepstein riskingyourlifewithoutasecondthoughtintuitivedecisionmakingandextremealtruism
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Risking your life without a second thought: intuitive decision-making and extreme altruism.

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