Galacto-Oligosaccharides Modulate the Juvenile Gut Microbiome and Innate Immunity To Improve Broiler Chicken Performance

ABSTRACT Improvements in growth performance and health are key goals in broiler chicken production. Inclusion of prebiotic galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS) in broiler feed enhanced the growth rate and feed conversion of chickens relative to those obtained with a calorie-matched control diet. Compariso...

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Autores principales:	Philip J. Richards, Geraldine M. Flaujac Lafontaine, Phillippa L. Connerton, Lu Liang, Karishma Asiani, Neville M. Fish, Ian F. Connerton
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	American Society for Microbiology 2020
Materias:	prebiotic galacto-oligosaccharides chicken microbiome gut health synbiotic Microbiology QR1-502
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/10616676d6bf4e7f90836101c6bb2f70
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:10616676d6bf4e7f90836101c6bb2f702021-12-02T18:25:16ZGalacto-Oligosaccharides Modulate the Juvenile Gut Microbiome and Innate Immunity To Improve Broiler Chicken Performance10.1128/mSystems.00827-192379-5077https://doaj.org/article/10616676d6bf4e7f90836101c6bb2f702020-02-01T00:00:00Zhttps://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/mSystems.00827-19https://doaj.org/toc/2379-5077ABSTRACT Improvements in growth performance and health are key goals in broiler chicken production. Inclusion of prebiotic galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS) in broiler feed enhanced the growth rate and feed conversion of chickens relative to those obtained with a calorie-matched control diet. Comparison of the cecal microbiota identified key differences in abundances of Lactobacillus spp. Increased levels of Lactobacillus johnsonii in GOS-fed juvenile birds at the expense of Lactobacillus crispatus were linked to improved performance (growth rate and market weight). Investigation of the innate immune responses highlighted increases of ileal and cecal interleukin-17A (IL-17A) gene expression counterposed to a decrease in IL-10. Quantification of the autochthonous Lactobacillus spp. revealed a correlation between bird performance and L. johnsonii abundance. Shifts in the cecal populations of key Lactobacillus spp. of juvenile birds primed intestinal innate immunity without harmful pathogen challenge. IMPORTANCE Improvements in the growth rate of broiler chickens can be achieved through dietary manipulation of the naturally occurring bacterial populations while mitigating the withdrawal of antibiotic growth promoters. Prebiotic galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS) are manufactured as a by-product of dairy cheese production and can be incorporated into the diets of juvenile chickens to improve their health and performance. This study investigated the key mechanisms behind this progression and pinpointed L. johnsonii as a key species that facilitates the enhancements in growth rate and gut health. The study identified the relationships between the GOS diet, L. johnsonii intestinal populations, and cytokine immune effectors to improve growth.Philip J. RichardsGeraldine M. Flaujac LafontainePhillippa L. ConnertonLu LiangKarishma AsianiNeville M. FishIan F. ConnertonAmerican Society for Microbiologyarticleprebioticgalacto-oligosaccharideschickenmicrobiomegut healthsynbioticMicrobiologyQR1-502ENmSystems, Vol 5, Iss 1 (2020)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	prebiotic galacto-oligosaccharides chicken microbiome gut health synbiotic Microbiology QR1-502
spellingShingle	prebiotic galacto-oligosaccharides chicken microbiome gut health synbiotic Microbiology QR1-502 Philip J. Richards Geraldine M. Flaujac Lafontaine Phillippa L. Connerton Lu Liang Karishma Asiani Neville M. Fish Ian F. Connerton Galacto-Oligosaccharides Modulate the Juvenile Gut Microbiome and Innate Immunity To Improve Broiler Chicken Performance
description	ABSTRACT Improvements in growth performance and health are key goals in broiler chicken production. Inclusion of prebiotic galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS) in broiler feed enhanced the growth rate and feed conversion of chickens relative to those obtained with a calorie-matched control diet. Comparison of the cecal microbiota identified key differences in abundances of Lactobacillus spp. Increased levels of Lactobacillus johnsonii in GOS-fed juvenile birds at the expense of Lactobacillus crispatus were linked to improved performance (growth rate and market weight). Investigation of the innate immune responses highlighted increases of ileal and cecal interleukin-17A (IL-17A) gene expression counterposed to a decrease in IL-10. Quantification of the autochthonous Lactobacillus spp. revealed a correlation between bird performance and L. johnsonii abundance. Shifts in the cecal populations of key Lactobacillus spp. of juvenile birds primed intestinal innate immunity without harmful pathogen challenge. IMPORTANCE Improvements in the growth rate of broiler chickens can be achieved through dietary manipulation of the naturally occurring bacterial populations while mitigating the withdrawal of antibiotic growth promoters. Prebiotic galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS) are manufactured as a by-product of dairy cheese production and can be incorporated into the diets of juvenile chickens to improve their health and performance. This study investigated the key mechanisms behind this progression and pinpointed L. johnsonii as a key species that facilitates the enhancements in growth rate and gut health. The study identified the relationships between the GOS diet, L. johnsonii intestinal populations, and cytokine immune effectors to improve growth.
format	article
author	Philip J. Richards Geraldine M. Flaujac Lafontaine Phillippa L. Connerton Lu Liang Karishma Asiani Neville M. Fish Ian F. Connerton
author_facet	Philip J. Richards Geraldine M. Flaujac Lafontaine Phillippa L. Connerton Lu Liang Karishma Asiani Neville M. Fish Ian F. Connerton
author_sort	Philip J. Richards
title	Galacto-Oligosaccharides Modulate the Juvenile Gut Microbiome and Innate Immunity To Improve Broiler Chicken Performance
title_short	Galacto-Oligosaccharides Modulate the Juvenile Gut Microbiome and Innate Immunity To Improve Broiler Chicken Performance
title_full	Galacto-Oligosaccharides Modulate the Juvenile Gut Microbiome and Innate Immunity To Improve Broiler Chicken Performance
title_fullStr	Galacto-Oligosaccharides Modulate the Juvenile Gut Microbiome and Innate Immunity To Improve Broiler Chicken Performance
title_full_unstemmed	Galacto-Oligosaccharides Modulate the Juvenile Gut Microbiome and Innate Immunity To Improve Broiler Chicken Performance
title_sort	galacto-oligosaccharides modulate the juvenile gut microbiome and innate immunity to improve broiler chicken performance
publisher	American Society for Microbiology
publishDate	2020
url	https://doaj.org/article/10616676d6bf4e7f90836101c6bb2f70
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Galacto-Oligosaccharides Modulate the Juvenile Gut Microbiome and Innate Immunity To Improve Broiler Chicken Performance

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