Application of Nanotechnology in the COVID-19 Pandemic

Dongki Yang Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon, 21999, South KoreaCorrespondence: Dongki YangDepartment of Physiology, College of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon 21999, South KoreaTel +82-32-899-6072Fax +82-32-899-6588Email dkyang@gachon.ac.krAbstract: COV...

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Autor principal:	Yang D
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2021
Materias:	covid-19 sars-cov-2 antiviral drug vaccines nanoparticles nanotechnology Medicine (General) R5-920
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/107c18128dd14fd985f2b6c37df5d974
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:107c18128dd14fd985f2b6c37df5d9742021-12-02T14:23:40ZApplication of Nanotechnology in the COVID-19 Pandemic1178-2013https://doaj.org/article/107c18128dd14fd985f2b6c37df5d9742021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.dovepress.com/application-of-nanotechnology-in-the-covid-19-pandemic-peer-reviewed-article-IJNhttps://doaj.org/toc/1178-2013Dongki Yang Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon, 21999, South KoreaCorrespondence: Dongki YangDepartment of Physiology, College of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon 21999, South KoreaTel +82-32-899-6072Fax +82-32-899-6588Email dkyang@gachon.ac.krAbstract: COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection, has been prevalent worldwide for almost a year. In early 2000, there was an outbreak of SARS-CoV, and in early 2010, a similar dissemination of infection by MERS-CoV occurred. However, no clear explanation for the spread of SARS-CoV-2 and a massive increase in the number of infections has yet been proposed. The best solution to overcome this pandemic is the development of suitable and effective vaccines and therapeutics. Fortunately, for SARS-CoV-2, the genome sequence and protein structure have been published in a short period, making research and development for prevention and treatment relatively easy. In addition, intranasal drug delivery has proven to be an effective method of administration for treating viral lung diseases. In recent years, nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems have been applied to intranasal drug delivery to overcome various limitations that occur during mucosal administration, and advances have been made to the stage where effective drug delivery is possible. This review describes the accumulated knowledge of the previous SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV infections and aims to help understand the newly emerged SARS-CoV-2 infection. Furthermore, it elucidates the achievements in developing COVID-19 vaccines and therapeutics to date through existing approaches. Finally, the applicable nanotechnology approach is described in detail, and vaccines and therapeutic drugs developed based on nanomedicine, which are currently undergoing clinical trials, have presented the potential to become innovative alternatives for overcoming COVID-19.Keywords: COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, antiviral drug, vaccines, nanoparticles, nanotechnologyYang DDove Medical Pressarticlecovid-19sars-cov-2antiviral drugvaccinesnanoparticlesnanotechnologyMedicine (General)R5-920ENInternational Journal of Nanomedicine, Vol Volume 16, Pp 623-649 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	covid-19 sars-cov-2 antiviral drug vaccines nanoparticles nanotechnology Medicine (General) R5-920
spellingShingle	covid-19 sars-cov-2 antiviral drug vaccines nanoparticles nanotechnology Medicine (General) R5-920 Yang D Application of Nanotechnology in the COVID-19 Pandemic
description	Dongki Yang Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon, 21999, South KoreaCorrespondence: Dongki YangDepartment of Physiology, College of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon 21999, South KoreaTel +82-32-899-6072Fax +82-32-899-6588Email dkyang@gachon.ac.krAbstract: COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection, has been prevalent worldwide for almost a year. In early 2000, there was an outbreak of SARS-CoV, and in early 2010, a similar dissemination of infection by MERS-CoV occurred. However, no clear explanation for the spread of SARS-CoV-2 and a massive increase in the number of infections has yet been proposed. The best solution to overcome this pandemic is the development of suitable and effective vaccines and therapeutics. Fortunately, for SARS-CoV-2, the genome sequence and protein structure have been published in a short period, making research and development for prevention and treatment relatively easy. In addition, intranasal drug delivery has proven to be an effective method of administration for treating viral lung diseases. In recent years, nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems have been applied to intranasal drug delivery to overcome various limitations that occur during mucosal administration, and advances have been made to the stage where effective drug delivery is possible. This review describes the accumulated knowledge of the previous SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV infections and aims to help understand the newly emerged SARS-CoV-2 infection. Furthermore, it elucidates the achievements in developing COVID-19 vaccines and therapeutics to date through existing approaches. Finally, the applicable nanotechnology approach is described in detail, and vaccines and therapeutic drugs developed based on nanomedicine, which are currently undergoing clinical trials, have presented the potential to become innovative alternatives for overcoming COVID-19.Keywords: COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, antiviral drug, vaccines, nanoparticles, nanotechnology
format	article
author	Yang D
author_facet	Yang D
author_sort	Yang D
title	Application of Nanotechnology in the COVID-19 Pandemic
title_short	Application of Nanotechnology in the COVID-19 Pandemic
title_full	Application of Nanotechnology in the COVID-19 Pandemic
title_fullStr	Application of Nanotechnology in the COVID-19 Pandemic
title_full_unstemmed	Application of Nanotechnology in the COVID-19 Pandemic
title_sort	application of nanotechnology in the covid-19 pandemic
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/107c18128dd14fd985f2b6c37df5d974
work_keys_str_mv	AT yangd applicationofnanotechnologyinthecovid19pandemic
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Application of Nanotechnology in the COVID-19 Pandemic

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