Humans are perceived as better, but weaker, than artificial intelligence: A comparison of affective impressions of humans, AIs, and computer systems in roles on teams

Attributions of affective meaning – goodness, power, and activity – are important for understanding how people interact with both human and technological agents. Recent evidence indicates that labels of artificial intelligence (AI) and computer system differ in affective impressions, but it is unkno...

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Autores principales:	Daniel B. Shank, Madison Bowen, Alexander Burns, Matthew Dew
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Elsevier 2021
Materias:	Affective meaning Artificial intelligence Perception Teams Affective impressions Electronic computers. Computer science QA75.5-76.95 Psychology BF1-990
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/108249d74dad4e09bfc13bca96714f8d
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:108249d74dad4e09bfc13bca96714f8d2021-12-01T05:04:03ZHumans are perceived as better, but weaker, than artificial intelligence: A comparison of affective impressions of humans, AIs, and computer systems in roles on teams2451-958810.1016/j.chbr.2021.100092https://doaj.org/article/108249d74dad4e09bfc13bca96714f8d2021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2451958821000403https://doaj.org/toc/2451-9588Attributions of affective meaning – goodness, power, and activity – are important for understanding how people interact with both human and technological agents. Recent evidence indicates that labels of artificial intelligence (AI) and computer system differ in affective impressions, but it is unknown if people perceived affective differences when the AI or computer is an agent with a specific human-like role. For humans, roles (e.g., an online recruiter, a product assembling employee, a resource distributor) have stable affective meaning creating a stable social structure and predictable interaction patterns. In this paper, we examine how the 59 roles affectively differ based on whether they describe a human, a computer, or an AI identity (e.g., a product assembling employee, a product assembling computer system, a product assembling artificial intelligence). In an online study, participants (N = 549) perceived both humans and computer systems as better (higher in goodness) than AIs, while also perceiving humans as weaker and less active than either computer systems or AIs. We also examine these role-identities in the context of team membership (e.g., a product assembling employee is part of an assembly line team), to understand whether the additional context of a team influences affective impressions. For goodness and power, nearly identical results indicate that team context makes no difference to affective perceptions; however human role-identities get a boost in activity when on teams, therefore wiping out the human-technology differences.Daniel B. ShankMadison BowenAlexander BurnsMatthew DewElsevierarticleAffective meaningArtificial intelligencePerceptionTeamsAffective impressionsElectronic computers. Computer scienceQA75.5-76.95PsychologyBF1-990ENComputers in Human Behavior Reports, Vol 3, Iss , Pp 100092- (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Affective meaning Artificial intelligence Perception Teams Affective impressions Electronic computers. Computer science QA75.5-76.95 Psychology BF1-990
spellingShingle	Affective meaning Artificial intelligence Perception Teams Affective impressions Electronic computers. Computer science QA75.5-76.95 Psychology BF1-990 Daniel B. Shank Madison Bowen Alexander Burns Matthew Dew Humans are perceived as better, but weaker, than artificial intelligence: A comparison of affective impressions of humans, AIs, and computer systems in roles on teams
description	Attributions of affective meaning – goodness, power, and activity – are important for understanding how people interact with both human and technological agents. Recent evidence indicates that labels of artificial intelligence (AI) and computer system differ in affective impressions, but it is unknown if people perceived affective differences when the AI or computer is an agent with a specific human-like role. For humans, roles (e.g., an online recruiter, a product assembling employee, a resource distributor) have stable affective meaning creating a stable social structure and predictable interaction patterns. In this paper, we examine how the 59 roles affectively differ based on whether they describe a human, a computer, or an AI identity (e.g., a product assembling employee, a product assembling computer system, a product assembling artificial intelligence). In an online study, participants (N = 549) perceived both humans and computer systems as better (higher in goodness) than AIs, while also perceiving humans as weaker and less active than either computer systems or AIs. We also examine these role-identities in the context of team membership (e.g., a product assembling employee is part of an assembly line team), to understand whether the additional context of a team influences affective impressions. For goodness and power, nearly identical results indicate that team context makes no difference to affective perceptions; however human role-identities get a boost in activity when on teams, therefore wiping out the human-technology differences.
format	article
author	Daniel B. Shank Madison Bowen Alexander Burns Matthew Dew
author_facet	Daniel B. Shank Madison Bowen Alexander Burns Matthew Dew
author_sort	Daniel B. Shank
title	Humans are perceived as better, but weaker, than artificial intelligence: A comparison of affective impressions of humans, AIs, and computer systems in roles on teams
title_short	Humans are perceived as better, but weaker, than artificial intelligence: A comparison of affective impressions of humans, AIs, and computer systems in roles on teams
title_full	Humans are perceived as better, but weaker, than artificial intelligence: A comparison of affective impressions of humans, AIs, and computer systems in roles on teams
title_fullStr	Humans are perceived as better, but weaker, than artificial intelligence: A comparison of affective impressions of humans, AIs, and computer systems in roles on teams
title_full_unstemmed	Humans are perceived as better, but weaker, than artificial intelligence: A comparison of affective impressions of humans, AIs, and computer systems in roles on teams
title_sort	humans are perceived as better, but weaker, than artificial intelligence: a comparison of affective impressions of humans, ais, and computer systems in roles on teams
publisher	Elsevier
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/108249d74dad4e09bfc13bca96714f8d
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Humans are perceived as better, but weaker, than artificial intelligence: A comparison of affective impressions of humans, AIs, and computer systems in roles on teams

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