Exogenous Myo-Inositol Alleviates Salt Stress by Enhancing Antioxidants and Membrane Stability via the Upregulation of Stress Responsive Genes in <i>Chenopodium quinoa</i> L.

Myo-inositol has gained a central position in plants due to its vital role in physiology and biochemistry. This experimental work assessed the effects of salinity stress and foliar application of myo-inositol (MYO) on growth, chlorophyll content, photosynthesis, antioxidant system, osmolyte accumula...

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Autores principales:	Amina A. M. Al-Mushhin, Sameer H. Qari, Marwa A. Fakhr, Ghalia S. H. Alnusairi, Taghreed S. Alnusaire, Ayshah Aysh ALrashidi, Arafat Abdel Hamed Abdel Latef, Omar M. Ali, Amir Abdullah Khan, Mona H. Soliman
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	ascorbate–glutathione cycle gene expression myo-inositol photosynthetic attributes salinity stress physiological mechanisms Botany QK1-989
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/1083d3190ee44121bba82a5df86da437
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:1083d3190ee44121bba82a5df86da4372021-11-25T18:46:26ZExogenous Myo-Inositol Alleviates Salt Stress by Enhancing Antioxidants and Membrane Stability via the Upregulation of Stress Responsive Genes in <i>Chenopodium quinoa</i> L.10.3390/plants101124162223-7747https://doaj.org/article/1083d3190ee44121bba82a5df86da4372021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/10/11/2416https://doaj.org/toc/2223-7747Myo-inositol has gained a central position in plants due to its vital role in physiology and biochemistry. This experimental work assessed the effects of salinity stress and foliar application of myo-inositol (MYO) on growth, chlorophyll content, photosynthesis, antioxidant system, osmolyte accumulation, and gene expression in quinoa (<i>Chenopodium quinoa</i> L. var. Giza1). Our results show that salinity stress significantly decreased growth parameters such as plant height, fresh and dry weights of shoot and root, leaf area, number of leaves, chlorophyll content, net photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, transpiration, and Fv/Fm, with a more pronounced effect at higher NaCl concentrations. However, the exogenous application of MYO increased the growth and photosynthesis traits and alleviated the stress to a considerable extent. Salinity also significantly reduced the water potential and water use efficiency in plants under saline regime; however, exogenous application of myo-inositol coped with this issue. MYO significantly reduced the accumulation of hydrogen peroxide, superoxide, reduced lipid peroxidation, and electrolyte leakage concomitant with an increase in the membrane stability index. Exogenous application of MYO up-regulated the antioxidant enzymes’ activities and the contents of ascorbate and glutathione, contributing to membrane stability and reduced oxidative damage. The damaging effects of salinity stress on quinoa were further mitigated by increased accumulation of osmolytes such as proline, glycine betaine, free amino acids, and soluble sugars in MYO-treated seedlings. The expression pattern of OSM34, NHX1, SOS1A, SOS1B, BADH, TIP2, NSY, and SDR genes increased significantly due to the application of MYO under both stressed and non-stressed conditions. Our results support the conclusion that exogenous MYO alleviates salt stress by involving antioxidants, enhancing plant growth attributes and membrane stability, and reducing oxidative damage to plants.Amina A. M. Al-MushhinSameer H. QariMarwa A. FakhrGhalia S. H. AlnusairiTaghreed S. AlnusaireAyshah Aysh ALrashidiArafat Abdel Hamed Abdel LatefOmar M. AliAmir Abdullah KhanMona H. SolimanMDPI AGarticleascorbate–glutathione cyclegene expressionmyo-inositolphotosynthetic attributessalinity stressphysiological mechanismsBotanyQK1-989ENPlants, Vol 10, Iss 2416, p 2416 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	ascorbate–glutathione cycle gene expression myo-inositol photosynthetic attributes salinity stress physiological mechanisms Botany QK1-989
spellingShingle	ascorbate–glutathione cycle gene expression myo-inositol photosynthetic attributes salinity stress physiological mechanisms Botany QK1-989 Amina A. M. Al-Mushhin Sameer H. Qari Marwa A. Fakhr Ghalia S. H. Alnusairi Taghreed S. Alnusaire Ayshah Aysh ALrashidi Arafat Abdel Hamed Abdel Latef Omar M. Ali Amir Abdullah Khan Mona H. Soliman Exogenous Myo-Inositol Alleviates Salt Stress by Enhancing Antioxidants and Membrane Stability via the Upregulation of Stress Responsive Genes in <i>Chenopodium quinoa</i> L.
description	Myo-inositol has gained a central position in plants due to its vital role in physiology and biochemistry. This experimental work assessed the effects of salinity stress and foliar application of myo-inositol (MYO) on growth, chlorophyll content, photosynthesis, antioxidant system, osmolyte accumulation, and gene expression in quinoa (<i>Chenopodium quinoa</i> L. var. Giza1). Our results show that salinity stress significantly decreased growth parameters such as plant height, fresh and dry weights of shoot and root, leaf area, number of leaves, chlorophyll content, net photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, transpiration, and Fv/Fm, with a more pronounced effect at higher NaCl concentrations. However, the exogenous application of MYO increased the growth and photosynthesis traits and alleviated the stress to a considerable extent. Salinity also significantly reduced the water potential and water use efficiency in plants under saline regime; however, exogenous application of myo-inositol coped with this issue. MYO significantly reduced the accumulation of hydrogen peroxide, superoxide, reduced lipid peroxidation, and electrolyte leakage concomitant with an increase in the membrane stability index. Exogenous application of MYO up-regulated the antioxidant enzymes’ activities and the contents of ascorbate and glutathione, contributing to membrane stability and reduced oxidative damage. The damaging effects of salinity stress on quinoa were further mitigated by increased accumulation of osmolytes such as proline, glycine betaine, free amino acids, and soluble sugars in MYO-treated seedlings. The expression pattern of OSM34, NHX1, SOS1A, SOS1B, BADH, TIP2, NSY, and SDR genes increased significantly due to the application of MYO under both stressed and non-stressed conditions. Our results support the conclusion that exogenous MYO alleviates salt stress by involving antioxidants, enhancing plant growth attributes and membrane stability, and reducing oxidative damage to plants.
format	article
author	Amina A. M. Al-Mushhin Sameer H. Qari Marwa A. Fakhr Ghalia S. H. Alnusairi Taghreed S. Alnusaire Ayshah Aysh ALrashidi Arafat Abdel Hamed Abdel Latef Omar M. Ali Amir Abdullah Khan Mona H. Soliman
author_facet	Amina A. M. Al-Mushhin Sameer H. Qari Marwa A. Fakhr Ghalia S. H. Alnusairi Taghreed S. Alnusaire Ayshah Aysh ALrashidi Arafat Abdel Hamed Abdel Latef Omar M. Ali Amir Abdullah Khan Mona H. Soliman
author_sort	Amina A. M. Al-Mushhin
title	Exogenous Myo-Inositol Alleviates Salt Stress by Enhancing Antioxidants and Membrane Stability via the Upregulation of Stress Responsive Genes in <i>Chenopodium quinoa</i> L.
title_short	Exogenous Myo-Inositol Alleviates Salt Stress by Enhancing Antioxidants and Membrane Stability via the Upregulation of Stress Responsive Genes in <i>Chenopodium quinoa</i> L.
title_full	Exogenous Myo-Inositol Alleviates Salt Stress by Enhancing Antioxidants and Membrane Stability via the Upregulation of Stress Responsive Genes in <i>Chenopodium quinoa</i> L.
title_fullStr	Exogenous Myo-Inositol Alleviates Salt Stress by Enhancing Antioxidants and Membrane Stability via the Upregulation of Stress Responsive Genes in <i>Chenopodium quinoa</i> L.
title_full_unstemmed	Exogenous Myo-Inositol Alleviates Salt Stress by Enhancing Antioxidants and Membrane Stability via the Upregulation of Stress Responsive Genes in <i>Chenopodium quinoa</i> L.
title_sort	exogenous myo-inositol alleviates salt stress by enhancing antioxidants and membrane stability via the upregulation of stress responsive genes in <i>chenopodium quinoa</i> l.
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/1083d3190ee44121bba82a5df86da437
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Exogenous Myo-Inositol Alleviates Salt Stress by Enhancing Antioxidants and Membrane Stability via the Upregulation of Stress Responsive Genes in <i>Chenopodium quinoa</i> L.

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