Skin sloughing in susceptible and resistant amphibians regulates infection with a fungal pathogen

The fungal pathogen Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) has been implicated in amphibian population declines globally. Given that Bd infection is limited to the skin in post-metamorphic amphibians, routine skin sloughing may regulate infection. Skin sloughing has been shown to reduce the number of c...

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Autores principales:	Michel E. B. Ohmer, Rebecca L. Cramp, Catherine J. M. Russo, Craig R. White, Craig E. Franklin
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2017
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/1099af69e9944810bb10079c2de9b06a
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:1099af69e9944810bb10079c2de9b06a2021-12-02T12:32:04ZSkin sloughing in susceptible and resistant amphibians regulates infection with a fungal pathogen10.1038/s41598-017-03605-z2045-2322https://doaj.org/article/1099af69e9944810bb10079c2de9b06a2017-06-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-03605-zhttps://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322The fungal pathogen Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) has been implicated in amphibian population declines globally. Given that Bd infection is limited to the skin in post-metamorphic amphibians, routine skin sloughing may regulate infection. Skin sloughing has been shown to reduce the number of cultivatable microbes on amphibian skin, and Bd infection increases skin sloughing rates at high loads. However, it is unclear whether species specific differences in skin sloughing patterns could regulate Bd population growth on the skin, and influence subsequent infection dynamics. We exposed five Australian frog species to Bd, and monitored sloughing rates and infection loads over time. Sloughing reduced Bd load on the ventral skin surface, in all five species, despite wide variation in susceptibility to disease. In the least susceptible species, an increase in sloughing rate occurred at lower infection loads, and sloughing reduced Bd load up to 100%, leading to infection clearance. Conversely, the drop in Bd load with sloughing was only temporary in the more susceptible species. These findings indicate that the ability of sloughing to act as an effective immune defence is species specific, and they have implications for understanding the pattern of Bd population growth on individual hosts, as well as population-level effects.Michel E. B. OhmerRebecca L. CrampCatherine J. M. RussoCraig R. WhiteCraig E. FranklinNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 7, Iss 1, Pp 1-10 (2017)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Michel E. B. Ohmer Rebecca L. Cramp Catherine J. M. Russo Craig R. White Craig E. Franklin Skin sloughing in susceptible and resistant amphibians regulates infection with a fungal pathogen
description	The fungal pathogen Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) has been implicated in amphibian population declines globally. Given that Bd infection is limited to the skin in post-metamorphic amphibians, routine skin sloughing may regulate infection. Skin sloughing has been shown to reduce the number of cultivatable microbes on amphibian skin, and Bd infection increases skin sloughing rates at high loads. However, it is unclear whether species specific differences in skin sloughing patterns could regulate Bd population growth on the skin, and influence subsequent infection dynamics. We exposed five Australian frog species to Bd, and monitored sloughing rates and infection loads over time. Sloughing reduced Bd load on the ventral skin surface, in all five species, despite wide variation in susceptibility to disease. In the least susceptible species, an increase in sloughing rate occurred at lower infection loads, and sloughing reduced Bd load up to 100%, leading to infection clearance. Conversely, the drop in Bd load with sloughing was only temporary in the more susceptible species. These findings indicate that the ability of sloughing to act as an effective immune defence is species specific, and they have implications for understanding the pattern of Bd population growth on individual hosts, as well as population-level effects.
format	article
author	Michel E. B. Ohmer Rebecca L. Cramp Catherine J. M. Russo Craig R. White Craig E. Franklin
author_facet	Michel E. B. Ohmer Rebecca L. Cramp Catherine J. M. Russo Craig R. White Craig E. Franklin
author_sort	Michel E. B. Ohmer
title	Skin sloughing in susceptible and resistant amphibians regulates infection with a fungal pathogen
title_short	Skin sloughing in susceptible and resistant amphibians regulates infection with a fungal pathogen
title_full	Skin sloughing in susceptible and resistant amphibians regulates infection with a fungal pathogen
title_fullStr	Skin sloughing in susceptible and resistant amphibians regulates infection with a fungal pathogen
title_full_unstemmed	Skin sloughing in susceptible and resistant amphibians regulates infection with a fungal pathogen
title_sort	skin sloughing in susceptible and resistant amphibians regulates infection with a fungal pathogen
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2017
url	https://doaj.org/article/1099af69e9944810bb10079c2de9b06a
work_keys_str_mv	AT michelebohmer skinsloughinginsusceptibleandresistantamphibiansregulatesinfectionwithafungalpathogen AT rebeccalcramp skinsloughinginsusceptibleandresistantamphibiansregulatesinfectionwithafungalpathogen AT catherinejmrusso skinsloughinginsusceptibleandresistantamphibiansregulatesinfectionwithafungalpathogen AT craigrwhite skinsloughinginsusceptibleandresistantamphibiansregulatesinfectionwithafungalpathogen AT craigefranklin skinsloughinginsusceptibleandresistantamphibiansregulatesinfectionwithafungalpathogen
_version_	1718394140874506240

Skin sloughing in susceptible and resistant amphibians regulates infection with a fungal pathogen

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