MECHANISMS OF VITAMIN D ACTION ON THE IMMUNE SYSTEM

Besides the well-known effects upon bone metabolism, vitamin D (VD) plays important roles in many other processes in the body, including immune regulation. VD action is carried out through its cellular membrane receptor, which is expressed in a variety of human organs and tissues, e.g., most cells o...

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Autor principal:	S. A. Snopov
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	RU
Publicado:	SPb RAACI 2015
Materias:	vitamin d immunity th1 и th2 responses cytokines autoimmunity allergic reactions transcription factors Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/109a0389bd5141c89e5550de337a3b37
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id	oai:doaj.org-article:109a0389bd5141c89e5550de337a3b37
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:109a0389bd5141c89e5550de337a3b372021-11-18T08:03:44ZMECHANISMS OF VITAMIN D ACTION ON THE IMMUNE SYSTEM1563-06252313-741X10.15789/1563-0625-2014-6-499-530https://doaj.org/article/109a0389bd5141c89e5550de337a3b372015-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mimmun.ru/mimmun/article/view/764https://doaj.org/toc/1563-0625https://doaj.org/toc/2313-741XBesides the well-known effects upon bone metabolism, vitamin D (VD) plays important roles in many other processes in the body, including immune regulation. VD action is carried out through its cellular membrane receptor, which is expressed in a variety of human organs and tissues, e.g., most cells of immune system, as well as epithelial cells lining the mucous membranes. The cell-membrane bound VD receptor is transferred to the cytoplasm, to form a functional complex with vitamin A and its receptor. This complex provides either inhibiting, or enhancing effect upon transcription of hundreds genes in the nuclear DNA, including those that regulate cell growth, differentiation, apoptosis, thus preventing malignancy and angiogenesis. The following effects of VD are supposed with respect to immune system: VD inhibits antigen presentation by dendritic cells, supresses Th1-cell differentiation and the production of Th1-cytokines, shifts the balance of Th1/Th2 cell responses towards the Th2 response, exerts inhibitory effect upon Th17 cells, promotes Treg cell development, and increases their activity. In addition, VD boosts production of «endogenous antibiotics» that may provide powerful effects upon Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, fungi and viruses. Therefore, VD seems quite important for prevention of autoimmune and atopic diseases: multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, type 1 diabetes, Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis, development of asthma in children and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. VD protects from a wide range of infections, including tuberculosis, leprosy and respiratory infections, and prevents the development of several tumors. Almost half the population of different countries has a VD hypovitaminosis, often hidden and undiagnosed, and this can be a leading cause of weakened immunity and increased morbidity. The diagnostics of VD hypovitaminosis, prevention and treatment of hypovitaminosis should be among the most important healthcare tasks in Russia.S. A. SnopovSPb RAACIarticlevitamin dimmunityth1 и th2 responsescytokinesautoimmunityallergic reactionstranscription factorsImmunologic diseases. AllergyRC581-607RUMedicinskaâ Immunologiâ, Vol 16, Iss 6, Pp 499-530 (2015)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	RU
topic	vitamin d immunity th1 и th2 responses cytokines autoimmunity allergic reactions transcription factors Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607
spellingShingle	vitamin d immunity th1 и th2 responses cytokines autoimmunity allergic reactions transcription factors Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607 S. A. Snopov MECHANISMS OF VITAMIN D ACTION ON THE IMMUNE SYSTEM
description	Besides the well-known effects upon bone metabolism, vitamin D (VD) plays important roles in many other processes in the body, including immune regulation. VD action is carried out through its cellular membrane receptor, which is expressed in a variety of human organs and tissues, e.g., most cells of immune system, as well as epithelial cells lining the mucous membranes. The cell-membrane bound VD receptor is transferred to the cytoplasm, to form a functional complex with vitamin A and its receptor. This complex provides either inhibiting, or enhancing effect upon transcription of hundreds genes in the nuclear DNA, including those that regulate cell growth, differentiation, apoptosis, thus preventing malignancy and angiogenesis. The following effects of VD are supposed with respect to immune system: VD inhibits antigen presentation by dendritic cells, supresses Th1-cell differentiation and the production of Th1-cytokines, shifts the balance of Th1/Th2 cell responses towards the Th2 response, exerts inhibitory effect upon Th17 cells, promotes Treg cell development, and increases their activity. In addition, VD boosts production of «endogenous antibiotics» that may provide powerful effects upon Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, fungi and viruses. Therefore, VD seems quite important for prevention of autoimmune and atopic diseases: multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, type 1 diabetes, Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis, development of asthma in children and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. VD protects from a wide range of infections, including tuberculosis, leprosy and respiratory infections, and prevents the development of several tumors. Almost half the population of different countries has a VD hypovitaminosis, often hidden and undiagnosed, and this can be a leading cause of weakened immunity and increased morbidity. The diagnostics of VD hypovitaminosis, prevention and treatment of hypovitaminosis should be among the most important healthcare tasks in Russia.
format	article
author	S. A. Snopov
author_facet	S. A. Snopov
author_sort	S. A. Snopov
title	MECHANISMS OF VITAMIN D ACTION ON THE IMMUNE SYSTEM
title_short	MECHANISMS OF VITAMIN D ACTION ON THE IMMUNE SYSTEM
title_full	MECHANISMS OF VITAMIN D ACTION ON THE IMMUNE SYSTEM
title_fullStr	MECHANISMS OF VITAMIN D ACTION ON THE IMMUNE SYSTEM
title_full_unstemmed	MECHANISMS OF VITAMIN D ACTION ON THE IMMUNE SYSTEM
title_sort	mechanisms of vitamin d action on the immune system
publisher	SPb RAACI
publishDate	2015
url	https://doaj.org/article/109a0389bd5141c89e5550de337a3b37
work_keys_str_mv	AT sasnopov mechanismsofvitamindactionontheimmunesystem
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MECHANISMS OF VITAMIN D ACTION ON THE IMMUNE SYSTEM

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