E-cigarettes induce toxicological effects that can raise the cancer risk

Abstract Electronic cigarettes (e-cigs) are devices designed to deliver nicotine in a vaping solution rather than smoke and without tobacco combustion. Perceived as a safer alternative to conventional cigarettes, e-cigs are aggressively marketed as lifestyle-choice consumables, thanks to few restric...

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Autores principales:	Donatella Canistro, Fabio Vivarelli, Silvia Cirillo, Clara Babot Marquillas, Annamaria Buschini, Mirca Lazzaretti, Laura Marchi, Vladimiro Cardenia, Maria Teresa Rodriguez-Estrada, Maura Lodovici, Caterina Cipriani, Antonello Lorenzini, Eleonora Croco, Silvia Marchionni, Paola Franchi, Marco Lucarini, Vincenzo Longo, Clara Maria Della Croce, Andrea Vornoli, Annamaria Colacci, Monica Vaccari, Andrea Sapone, Moreno Paolini
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2017
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/10d54cee852f4a719d104a325c3e118a
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:10d54cee852f4a719d104a325c3e118a2021-12-02T16:06:21ZE-cigarettes induce toxicological effects that can raise the cancer risk10.1038/s41598-017-02317-82045-2322https://doaj.org/article/10d54cee852f4a719d104a325c3e118a2017-05-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-02317-8https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Electronic cigarettes (e-cigs) are devices designed to deliver nicotine in a vaping solution rather than smoke and without tobacco combustion. Perceived as a safer alternative to conventional cigarettes, e-cigs are aggressively marketed as lifestyle-choice consumables, thanks to few restrictions and a lack of regulatory guidelines. E-cigs have also gained popularity among never-smokers and teenagers, becoming an emergent public health issue. Despite the burgeoning worldwide consumption of e-cigs, their safety remains largely unproven and it is unknown whether these devices cause in vivo toxicological effects that could contribute to cancer. Here we demonstrate the co-mutagenic and cancer-initiating effects of e-cig vapour in a rat lung model. We found that e-cigs have a powerful booster effect on phase-I carcinogen-bioactivating enzymes, including activators of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and increase oxygen free radical production and DNA oxidation to 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine. Furthermore, we found that e-cigs damage DNA not only at chromosomal level in peripheral blood, such as strand breaks in leucocytes and micronuclei formation in reticulocytes, but also at gene level such as point mutations in urine. Our results demonstrate that exposure to e-cigs could endanger human health, particularly among younger more vulnerable consumers.Donatella CanistroFabio VivarelliSilvia CirilloClara Babot MarquillasAnnamaria BuschiniMirca LazzarettiLaura MarchiVladimiro CardeniaMaria Teresa Rodriguez-EstradaMaura LodoviciCaterina CiprianiAntonello LorenziniEleonora CrocoSilvia MarchionniPaola FranchiMarco LucariniVincenzo LongoClara Maria Della CroceAndrea VornoliAnnamaria ColacciMonica VaccariAndrea SaponeMoreno PaoliniNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 7, Iss 1, Pp 1-9 (2017)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Donatella Canistro Fabio Vivarelli Silvia Cirillo Clara Babot Marquillas Annamaria Buschini Mirca Lazzaretti Laura Marchi Vladimiro Cardenia Maria Teresa Rodriguez-Estrada Maura Lodovici Caterina Cipriani Antonello Lorenzini Eleonora Croco Silvia Marchionni Paola Franchi Marco Lucarini Vincenzo Longo Clara Maria Della Croce Andrea Vornoli Annamaria Colacci Monica Vaccari Andrea Sapone Moreno Paolini E-cigarettes induce toxicological effects that can raise the cancer risk
description	Abstract Electronic cigarettes (e-cigs) are devices designed to deliver nicotine in a vaping solution rather than smoke and without tobacco combustion. Perceived as a safer alternative to conventional cigarettes, e-cigs are aggressively marketed as lifestyle-choice consumables, thanks to few restrictions and a lack of regulatory guidelines. E-cigs have also gained popularity among never-smokers and teenagers, becoming an emergent public health issue. Despite the burgeoning worldwide consumption of e-cigs, their safety remains largely unproven and it is unknown whether these devices cause in vivo toxicological effects that could contribute to cancer. Here we demonstrate the co-mutagenic and cancer-initiating effects of e-cig vapour in a rat lung model. We found that e-cigs have a powerful booster effect on phase-I carcinogen-bioactivating enzymes, including activators of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and increase oxygen free radical production and DNA oxidation to 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine. Furthermore, we found that e-cigs damage DNA not only at chromosomal level in peripheral blood, such as strand breaks in leucocytes and micronuclei formation in reticulocytes, but also at gene level such as point mutations in urine. Our results demonstrate that exposure to e-cigs could endanger human health, particularly among younger more vulnerable consumers.
format	article
author	Donatella Canistro Fabio Vivarelli Silvia Cirillo Clara Babot Marquillas Annamaria Buschini Mirca Lazzaretti Laura Marchi Vladimiro Cardenia Maria Teresa Rodriguez-Estrada Maura Lodovici Caterina Cipriani Antonello Lorenzini Eleonora Croco Silvia Marchionni Paola Franchi Marco Lucarini Vincenzo Longo Clara Maria Della Croce Andrea Vornoli Annamaria Colacci Monica Vaccari Andrea Sapone Moreno Paolini
author_facet	Donatella Canistro Fabio Vivarelli Silvia Cirillo Clara Babot Marquillas Annamaria Buschini Mirca Lazzaretti Laura Marchi Vladimiro Cardenia Maria Teresa Rodriguez-Estrada Maura Lodovici Caterina Cipriani Antonello Lorenzini Eleonora Croco Silvia Marchionni Paola Franchi Marco Lucarini Vincenzo Longo Clara Maria Della Croce Andrea Vornoli Annamaria Colacci Monica Vaccari Andrea Sapone Moreno Paolini
author_sort	Donatella Canistro
title	E-cigarettes induce toxicological effects that can raise the cancer risk
title_short	E-cigarettes induce toxicological effects that can raise the cancer risk
title_full	E-cigarettes induce toxicological effects that can raise the cancer risk
title_fullStr	E-cigarettes induce toxicological effects that can raise the cancer risk
title_full_unstemmed	E-cigarettes induce toxicological effects that can raise the cancer risk
title_sort	e-cigarettes induce toxicological effects that can raise the cancer risk
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2017
url	https://doaj.org/article/10d54cee852f4a719d104a325c3e118a
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E-cigarettes induce toxicological effects that can raise the cancer risk

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