Potential Protective Effects of Equol (Soy Isoflavone Metabolite) on Coronary Heart Diseases—From Molecular Mechanisms to Studies in Humans

Equol, a soy isoflavone-derived metabolite of the gut microbiome, may be the key cardioprotective component of soy isoflavones. Systematic reviews have reported that soy isoflavones have no to very small effects on traditional cardiovascular disease risk factors. However, the potential mechanistic m...

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Autores principales:	Xiao Zhang, Cole V. Veliky, Rahel L. Birru, Emma Barinas-Mitchell, Jared W. Magnani, Akira Sekikawa
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	equol isoflavones flavonoid lipophilicity inflammation oxidation Nutrition. Foods and food supply TX341-641
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/10f84306e3124d6fa12bc10cd17ed172
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:10f84306e3124d6fa12bc10cd17ed1722021-11-25T18:33:40ZPotential Protective Effects of Equol (Soy Isoflavone Metabolite) on Coronary Heart Diseases—From Molecular Mechanisms to Studies in Humans10.3390/nu131137392072-6643https://doaj.org/article/10f84306e3124d6fa12bc10cd17ed1722021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/11/3739https://doaj.org/toc/2072-6643Equol, a soy isoflavone-derived metabolite of the gut microbiome, may be the key cardioprotective component of soy isoflavones. Systematic reviews have reported that soy isoflavones have no to very small effects on traditional cardiovascular disease risk factors. However, the potential mechanistic mode of action of equol on non-traditional cardiovascular risk factors has not been systematically reviewed. We searched the PubMed through to July 2021 by using terms for equol and each of the following markers: inflammation, oxidation, endothelial function, vasodilation, atherosclerosis, arterial stiffness, and coronary heart disease. Of the 231 records identified, 69 articles met the inclusion criteria and were summarized. Our review suggests that equol is more lipophilic, bioavailable, and generally more potent compared to soy isoflavones. Cell culture, animal, and human studies show that equol possesses antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and vasodilatory properties and improves arterial stiffness and atherosclerosis. Many of these actions are mediated through the estrogen receptor β. Overall, equol may have a greater cardioprotective benefit than soy isoflavones. Clinical studies of equol are warranted because equol is available as a dietary supplement.Xiao ZhangCole V. VelikyRahel L. BirruEmma Barinas-MitchellJared W. MagnaniAkira SekikawaMDPI AGarticleequolisoflavonesflavonoidlipophilicityinflammationoxidationNutrition. Foods and food supplyTX341-641ENNutrients, Vol 13, Iss 3739, p 3739 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	equol isoflavones flavonoid lipophilicity inflammation oxidation Nutrition. Foods and food supply TX341-641
spellingShingle	equol isoflavones flavonoid lipophilicity inflammation oxidation Nutrition. Foods and food supply TX341-641 Xiao Zhang Cole V. Veliky Rahel L. Birru Emma Barinas-Mitchell Jared W. Magnani Akira Sekikawa Potential Protective Effects of Equol (Soy Isoflavone Metabolite) on Coronary Heart Diseases—From Molecular Mechanisms to Studies in Humans
description	Equol, a soy isoflavone-derived metabolite of the gut microbiome, may be the key cardioprotective component of soy isoflavones. Systematic reviews have reported that soy isoflavones have no to very small effects on traditional cardiovascular disease risk factors. However, the potential mechanistic mode of action of equol on non-traditional cardiovascular risk factors has not been systematically reviewed. We searched the PubMed through to July 2021 by using terms for equol and each of the following markers: inflammation, oxidation, endothelial function, vasodilation, atherosclerosis, arterial stiffness, and coronary heart disease. Of the 231 records identified, 69 articles met the inclusion criteria and were summarized. Our review suggests that equol is more lipophilic, bioavailable, and generally more potent compared to soy isoflavones. Cell culture, animal, and human studies show that equol possesses antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and vasodilatory properties and improves arterial stiffness and atherosclerosis. Many of these actions are mediated through the estrogen receptor β. Overall, equol may have a greater cardioprotective benefit than soy isoflavones. Clinical studies of equol are warranted because equol is available as a dietary supplement.
format	article
author	Xiao Zhang Cole V. Veliky Rahel L. Birru Emma Barinas-Mitchell Jared W. Magnani Akira Sekikawa
author_facet	Xiao Zhang Cole V. Veliky Rahel L. Birru Emma Barinas-Mitchell Jared W. Magnani Akira Sekikawa
author_sort	Xiao Zhang
title	Potential Protective Effects of Equol (Soy Isoflavone Metabolite) on Coronary Heart Diseases—From Molecular Mechanisms to Studies in Humans
title_short	Potential Protective Effects of Equol (Soy Isoflavone Metabolite) on Coronary Heart Diseases—From Molecular Mechanisms to Studies in Humans
title_full	Potential Protective Effects of Equol (Soy Isoflavone Metabolite) on Coronary Heart Diseases—From Molecular Mechanisms to Studies in Humans
title_fullStr	Potential Protective Effects of Equol (Soy Isoflavone Metabolite) on Coronary Heart Diseases—From Molecular Mechanisms to Studies in Humans
title_full_unstemmed	Potential Protective Effects of Equol (Soy Isoflavone Metabolite) on Coronary Heart Diseases—From Molecular Mechanisms to Studies in Humans
title_sort	potential protective effects of equol (soy isoflavone metabolite) on coronary heart diseases—from molecular mechanisms to studies in humans
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/10f84306e3124d6fa12bc10cd17ed172
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Potential Protective Effects of Equol (Soy Isoflavone Metabolite) on Coronary Heart Diseases—From Molecular Mechanisms to Studies in Humans

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