Biochemical evidence of epicuticular wax compounds involved in cotton-whitefly interaction.

Sucking insects require a surface of plants on which the legs and the eggs of insects will adhere and to which insect mouthparts will access. The primary plant protection against insects is their surface property, which hinders the attachment of the insect's legs and eggs. The epicuticular waxe...

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Autores principales:	Muhammad Azam Ali, Muhammad Azmat Ullah Khan, Abdul Qayyum Rao, Adnan Iqbal, Salah Ud Din, Ahmad Ali Shahid
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/111fc613f56e45e2a0beb2fa9ec1bb40
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:111fc613f56e45e2a0beb2fa9ec1bb402021-11-25T06:19:23ZBiochemical evidence of epicuticular wax compounds involved in cotton-whitefly interaction.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0250902https://doaj.org/article/111fc613f56e45e2a0beb2fa9ec1bb402021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0250902https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Sucking insects require a surface of plants on which the legs and the eggs of insects will adhere and to which insect mouthparts will access. The primary plant protection against insects is their surface property, which hinders the attachment of the insect's legs and eggs. The epicuticular waxes chemistry influences the fine structure of the cuticular surface. In current study, an attempt was made to investigate the variation of chemical compounds in epicuticular waxes of four cotton species that classify them resistant or susceptible i.e., Gossypium abroreum, G. hirsutum, G. arboreum wax deficient mutant (GaWM3) and G. harknessi which were evaluated for their interaction with whitefly and CLCuV transmission. Gossypium hirsutum an insect and CLCuV susceptible cotton variety, was found to have four compounds namely Trichloroacetic acid, hexadecylester, P-xylenolpthalein, 2-cyclopentene-1-ol, 1-phenyl-and Phenol, 2,5-bis [1,1- dimethyl] which could interact with chitin of whitefly while only two compounds in Gossypium arboreum an insect and CLCuV resistant cotton variety could interact with chitin of whitefly. Similarly, GaWM3 and Gossypium harkasnessi were found to have only a single compound. Number of whiteflies found on leaves of G. hirsutum was much higher as compared to other cotton species. Keeping this fact in mind a wax biosynthetic gene CER3, from Arabidopsis thaliana was transformed into G. hirsutum and the plants were evaluated for their resistance against whitefly and CLCuV transmission. In microscopic analysis transgenic plants clearly showed higher amounts of leaf waxes as compared to non-transgenics. The least whitefly population and CLCuV titer of <10,000 units was found in transgenic plants compared to non-transgenic cotton where it was ≈4.5X106 units that confirmed the role of wax in insect interaction and ultimately to CLCuV transmission. This study provides novel insight on wax related compounds involved in cotton-whitefly interaction, which potentially can help in developing more efficient control strategies for this destructive pest.Muhammad Azam AliMuhammad Azmat Ullah KhanAbdul Qayyum RaoAdnan IqbalSalah Ud DinAhmad Ali ShahidPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 5, p e0250902 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Muhammad Azam Ali Muhammad Azmat Ullah Khan Abdul Qayyum Rao Adnan Iqbal Salah Ud Din Ahmad Ali Shahid Biochemical evidence of epicuticular wax compounds involved in cotton-whitefly interaction.
description	Sucking insects require a surface of plants on which the legs and the eggs of insects will adhere and to which insect mouthparts will access. The primary plant protection against insects is their surface property, which hinders the attachment of the insect's legs and eggs. The epicuticular waxes chemistry influences the fine structure of the cuticular surface. In current study, an attempt was made to investigate the variation of chemical compounds in epicuticular waxes of four cotton species that classify them resistant or susceptible i.e., Gossypium abroreum, G. hirsutum, G. arboreum wax deficient mutant (GaWM3) and G. harknessi which were evaluated for their interaction with whitefly and CLCuV transmission. Gossypium hirsutum an insect and CLCuV susceptible cotton variety, was found to have four compounds namely Trichloroacetic acid, hexadecylester, P-xylenolpthalein, 2-cyclopentene-1-ol, 1-phenyl-and Phenol, 2,5-bis [1,1- dimethyl] which could interact with chitin of whitefly while only two compounds in Gossypium arboreum an insect and CLCuV resistant cotton variety could interact with chitin of whitefly. Similarly, GaWM3 and Gossypium harkasnessi were found to have only a single compound. Number of whiteflies found on leaves of G. hirsutum was much higher as compared to other cotton species. Keeping this fact in mind a wax biosynthetic gene CER3, from Arabidopsis thaliana was transformed into G. hirsutum and the plants were evaluated for their resistance against whitefly and CLCuV transmission. In microscopic analysis transgenic plants clearly showed higher amounts of leaf waxes as compared to non-transgenics. The least whitefly population and CLCuV titer of <10,000 units was found in transgenic plants compared to non-transgenic cotton where it was ≈4.5X106 units that confirmed the role of wax in insect interaction and ultimately to CLCuV transmission. This study provides novel insight on wax related compounds involved in cotton-whitefly interaction, which potentially can help in developing more efficient control strategies for this destructive pest.
format	article
author	Muhammad Azam Ali Muhammad Azmat Ullah Khan Abdul Qayyum Rao Adnan Iqbal Salah Ud Din Ahmad Ali Shahid
author_facet	Muhammad Azam Ali Muhammad Azmat Ullah Khan Abdul Qayyum Rao Adnan Iqbal Salah Ud Din Ahmad Ali Shahid
author_sort	Muhammad Azam Ali
title	Biochemical evidence of epicuticular wax compounds involved in cotton-whitefly interaction.
title_short	Biochemical evidence of epicuticular wax compounds involved in cotton-whitefly interaction.
title_full	Biochemical evidence of epicuticular wax compounds involved in cotton-whitefly interaction.
title_fullStr	Biochemical evidence of epicuticular wax compounds involved in cotton-whitefly interaction.
title_full_unstemmed	Biochemical evidence of epicuticular wax compounds involved in cotton-whitefly interaction.
title_sort	biochemical evidence of epicuticular wax compounds involved in cotton-whitefly interaction.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/111fc613f56e45e2a0beb2fa9ec1bb40
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Biochemical evidence of epicuticular wax compounds involved in cotton-whitefly interaction.

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