Modern dolomite formation caused by seasonal cycling of oxygenic phototrophs and anoxygenic phototrophs in a hypersaline sabkha

Abstract The “Dolomite Problem” has been a controversy for over a century, owing to massive assemblages of low-temperature dolomite in ancient rocks with little dolomite forming today despite favorable geochemical conditions. Experiments show that microbes and their exopolymeric substances (EPS) nuc...

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Autores principales:	Zach A. Diloreto, Sanchit Garg, Tomaso R. R. Bontognali, Maria Dittrich
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/112a9de0b4c84c468df18337df64adbc
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:112a9de0b4c84c468df18337df64adbc2021-12-02T14:03:45ZModern dolomite formation caused by seasonal cycling of oxygenic phototrophs and anoxygenic phototrophs in a hypersaline sabkha10.1038/s41598-021-83676-12045-2322https://doaj.org/article/112a9de0b4c84c468df18337df64adbc2021-02-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-83676-1https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract The “Dolomite Problem” has been a controversy for over a century, owing to massive assemblages of low-temperature dolomite in ancient rocks with little dolomite forming today despite favorable geochemical conditions. Experiments show that microbes and their exopolymeric substances (EPS) nucleate dolomite. However, factors controlling ancient abundances of dolomite can still not be explained. To decode the enigma of ancient dolomite, we examined a modern dolomite forming environment, and found that a cyclic shift in microbial community between cyanobacteria and anoxygenic phototrophs creates EPS suited to dolomite precipitation. Specifically, EPS show an increased concentration of carboxylic functional groups as microbial composition cycles from cyanobacterial to anoxygenic phototroph driven communities at low-and high- salinity, respectively. Comparing these results to other low-T forming environments suggests that large turnover of organic material under anoxic conditions is an important driver of the process. Consequently, the shift in atmospheric oxygen throughout Earth’s history may explain important aspects of “The Dolomite Problem”. Our results provide new context for the interpretation of dolomite throughout Earth’s history.Zach A. DiloretoSanchit GargTomaso R. R. BontognaliMaria DittrichNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-13 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Zach A. Diloreto Sanchit Garg Tomaso R. R. Bontognali Maria Dittrich Modern dolomite formation caused by seasonal cycling of oxygenic phototrophs and anoxygenic phototrophs in a hypersaline sabkha
description	Abstract The “Dolomite Problem” has been a controversy for over a century, owing to massive assemblages of low-temperature dolomite in ancient rocks with little dolomite forming today despite favorable geochemical conditions. Experiments show that microbes and their exopolymeric substances (EPS) nucleate dolomite. However, factors controlling ancient abundances of dolomite can still not be explained. To decode the enigma of ancient dolomite, we examined a modern dolomite forming environment, and found that a cyclic shift in microbial community between cyanobacteria and anoxygenic phototrophs creates EPS suited to dolomite precipitation. Specifically, EPS show an increased concentration of carboxylic functional groups as microbial composition cycles from cyanobacterial to anoxygenic phototroph driven communities at low-and high- salinity, respectively. Comparing these results to other low-T forming environments suggests that large turnover of organic material under anoxic conditions is an important driver of the process. Consequently, the shift in atmospheric oxygen throughout Earth’s history may explain important aspects of “The Dolomite Problem”. Our results provide new context for the interpretation of dolomite throughout Earth’s history.
format	article
author	Zach A. Diloreto Sanchit Garg Tomaso R. R. Bontognali Maria Dittrich
author_facet	Zach A. Diloreto Sanchit Garg Tomaso R. R. Bontognali Maria Dittrich
author_sort	Zach A. Diloreto
title	Modern dolomite formation caused by seasonal cycling of oxygenic phototrophs and anoxygenic phototrophs in a hypersaline sabkha
title_short	Modern dolomite formation caused by seasonal cycling of oxygenic phototrophs and anoxygenic phototrophs in a hypersaline sabkha
title_full	Modern dolomite formation caused by seasonal cycling of oxygenic phototrophs and anoxygenic phototrophs in a hypersaline sabkha
title_fullStr	Modern dolomite formation caused by seasonal cycling of oxygenic phototrophs and anoxygenic phototrophs in a hypersaline sabkha
title_full_unstemmed	Modern dolomite formation caused by seasonal cycling of oxygenic phototrophs and anoxygenic phototrophs in a hypersaline sabkha
title_sort	modern dolomite formation caused by seasonal cycling of oxygenic phototrophs and anoxygenic phototrophs in a hypersaline sabkha
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/112a9de0b4c84c468df18337df64adbc
work_keys_str_mv	AT zachadiloreto moderndolomiteformationcausedbyseasonalcyclingofoxygenicphototrophsandanoxygenicphototrophsinahypersalinesabkha AT sanchitgarg moderndolomiteformationcausedbyseasonalcyclingofoxygenicphototrophsandanoxygenicphototrophsinahypersalinesabkha AT tomasorrbontognali moderndolomiteformationcausedbyseasonalcyclingofoxygenicphototrophsandanoxygenicphototrophsinahypersalinesabkha AT mariadittrich moderndolomiteformationcausedbyseasonalcyclingofoxygenicphototrophsandanoxygenicphototrophsinahypersalinesabkha
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Modern dolomite formation caused by seasonal cycling of oxygenic phototrophs and anoxygenic phototrophs in a hypersaline sabkha

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