Co-infections of malaria and geohelminthiasis in two rural communities of Nkassomo and Vian in the Mfou health district, Cameroon.

<h4>Background</h4>Human co-infection with malaria and helmimths is ubiquitous throughout Africa. Nevertheless, its public health significance on malaria severity remains poorly understood.<h4>Methodology/principal findings</h4>To contribute to a better understanding of epide...

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Autores principales: Francis Zeukeng, Viviane Hélène Matong Tchinda, Jude Daiga Bigoga, Clovis Hugues Tiogang Seumen, Edward Shafe Ndzi, Géraldine Abonweh, Valérie Makoge, Amédée Motsebo, Roger Somo Moyou
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spelling oai:doaj.org-article:112fc5a953314befa0b82ce6f74574222021-11-25T06:31:54ZCo-infections of malaria and geohelminthiasis in two rural communities of Nkassomo and Vian in the Mfou health district, Cameroon.1935-27271935-273510.1371/journal.pntd.0003236https://doaj.org/article/112fc5a953314befa0b82ce6f74574222014-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0003236https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735<h4>Background</h4>Human co-infection with malaria and helmimths is ubiquitous throughout Africa. Nevertheless, its public health significance on malaria severity remains poorly understood.<h4>Methodology/principal findings</h4>To contribute to a better understanding of epidemiology and control of this co-infection in Cameroon, a cross-sectional study was carried out to assess the prevalence of concomitant intestinal geohelminthiasis and malaria, and to evaluate its association with malaria and anaemia in Nkassomo and Vian. Finger prick blood specimens from a total of 263 participants aged 1-95 years were collected for malaria microscopy, assessment of haemoglobin levels, and molecular identification of Plasmodium species by PCR. Fresh stool specimens were also collected for the identification and quantification of geohelminths by the Kato-Katz method. The prevalence of malaria, geohelminths, and co-infections were 77.2%, 28.6%, and 22.1%, respectively. Plasmodium falciparum was the only malaria parasite species identified with mean parasite density of 111 (40; 18,800) parasites/µl of blood. The geohelminths found were Ascaris lumbricoides (21.6%) and Trichuris trichiura (10.8%), with mean parasite densities of 243 (24; 3,552) and 36 (24; 96) eggs/gram of faeces, respectively. Co-infections of A. lumbricoides and P. falciparum were the most frequent and correlated positively. While no significant difference was observed on the prevalences of single and co-infections between the two localities, there was a significant difference in the density of A. lumbricoides infection between the two localities. The overall prevalence of anaemia was 42%, with individuals co-infected with T. trichiura and P. falciparum (60%) being the most at risk. While the prevalence of malaria and anaemia were inversely related to age, children aged 5-14 years were more susceptible to geohelminthiasis and their co-infections with malaria.<h4>Conclusion/significance</h4>Co-existence of geohelminths and malaria parasites in Nkassomo and Vian enhances the occurrence of co-infections, and consequently, increases the risk for anaemia.Francis ZeukengViviane Hélène Matong TchindaJude Daiga BigogaClovis Hugues Tiogang SeumenEdward Shafe NdziGéraldine AbonwehValérie MakogeAmédée MotseboRoger Somo MoyouPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleArctic medicine. Tropical medicineRC955-962Public aspects of medicineRA1-1270ENPLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 8, Iss 10, p e3236 (2014)
institution DOAJ
collection DOAJ
language EN
topic Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine
RC955-962
Public aspects of medicine
RA1-1270
spellingShingle Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine
RC955-962
Public aspects of medicine
RA1-1270
Francis Zeukeng
Viviane Hélène Matong Tchinda
Jude Daiga Bigoga
Clovis Hugues Tiogang Seumen
Edward Shafe Ndzi
Géraldine Abonweh
Valérie Makoge
Amédée Motsebo
Roger Somo Moyou
Co-infections of malaria and geohelminthiasis in two rural communities of Nkassomo and Vian in the Mfou health district, Cameroon.
description <h4>Background</h4>Human co-infection with malaria and helmimths is ubiquitous throughout Africa. Nevertheless, its public health significance on malaria severity remains poorly understood.<h4>Methodology/principal findings</h4>To contribute to a better understanding of epidemiology and control of this co-infection in Cameroon, a cross-sectional study was carried out to assess the prevalence of concomitant intestinal geohelminthiasis and malaria, and to evaluate its association with malaria and anaemia in Nkassomo and Vian. Finger prick blood specimens from a total of 263 participants aged 1-95 years were collected for malaria microscopy, assessment of haemoglobin levels, and molecular identification of Plasmodium species by PCR. Fresh stool specimens were also collected for the identification and quantification of geohelminths by the Kato-Katz method. The prevalence of malaria, geohelminths, and co-infections were 77.2%, 28.6%, and 22.1%, respectively. Plasmodium falciparum was the only malaria parasite species identified with mean parasite density of 111 (40; 18,800) parasites/µl of blood. The geohelminths found were Ascaris lumbricoides (21.6%) and Trichuris trichiura (10.8%), with mean parasite densities of 243 (24; 3,552) and 36 (24; 96) eggs/gram of faeces, respectively. Co-infections of A. lumbricoides and P. falciparum were the most frequent and correlated positively. While no significant difference was observed on the prevalences of single and co-infections between the two localities, there was a significant difference in the density of A. lumbricoides infection between the two localities. The overall prevalence of anaemia was 42%, with individuals co-infected with T. trichiura and P. falciparum (60%) being the most at risk. While the prevalence of malaria and anaemia were inversely related to age, children aged 5-14 years were more susceptible to geohelminthiasis and their co-infections with malaria.<h4>Conclusion/significance</h4>Co-existence of geohelminths and malaria parasites in Nkassomo and Vian enhances the occurrence of co-infections, and consequently, increases the risk for anaemia.
format article
author Francis Zeukeng
Viviane Hélène Matong Tchinda
Jude Daiga Bigoga
Clovis Hugues Tiogang Seumen
Edward Shafe Ndzi
Géraldine Abonweh
Valérie Makoge
Amédée Motsebo
Roger Somo Moyou
author_facet Francis Zeukeng
Viviane Hélène Matong Tchinda
Jude Daiga Bigoga
Clovis Hugues Tiogang Seumen
Edward Shafe Ndzi
Géraldine Abonweh
Valérie Makoge
Amédée Motsebo
Roger Somo Moyou
author_sort Francis Zeukeng
title Co-infections of malaria and geohelminthiasis in two rural communities of Nkassomo and Vian in the Mfou health district, Cameroon.
title_short Co-infections of malaria and geohelminthiasis in two rural communities of Nkassomo and Vian in the Mfou health district, Cameroon.
title_full Co-infections of malaria and geohelminthiasis in two rural communities of Nkassomo and Vian in the Mfou health district, Cameroon.
title_fullStr Co-infections of malaria and geohelminthiasis in two rural communities of Nkassomo and Vian in the Mfou health district, Cameroon.
title_full_unstemmed Co-infections of malaria and geohelminthiasis in two rural communities of Nkassomo and Vian in the Mfou health district, Cameroon.
title_sort co-infections of malaria and geohelminthiasis in two rural communities of nkassomo and vian in the mfou health district, cameroon.
publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate 2014
url https://doaj.org/article/112fc5a953314befa0b82ce6f7457422
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