Successional dynamics of a 35 year old freshwater mitigation wetland in southeastern New Hampshire.

The long-term ecological success of compensatory freshwater wetland projects has come into question based on follow-up monitoring studies over the past few decades. Given that wetland restoration may require many years to decades to converge to desired outcomes, long-term monitoring of successional...

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Autores principales:	J Grant McKown, Gregg E Moore, Andrew R Payne, Natalie A White, Jennifer L Gibson
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/1165e3c949ac45e0bff8febfd8687666
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:1165e3c949ac45e0bff8febfd86876662021-11-25T06:19:12ZSuccessional dynamics of a 35 year old freshwater mitigation wetland in southeastern New Hampshire.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0251748https://doaj.org/article/1165e3c949ac45e0bff8febfd86876662021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0251748https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203The long-term ecological success of compensatory freshwater wetland projects has come into question based on follow-up monitoring studies over the past few decades. Given that wetland restoration may require many years to decades to converge to desired outcomes, long-term monitoring of successional patterns may increase our ability to fully evaluate success of wetland mitigation projects or guide adaptive management when needed. In Portsmouth, New Hampshire a 4 ha wetland was constructed in an abandoned gravel quarry as off-site compensatory mitigation for impacts to a scrub-shrub swamp associated with property expansion. Building upon prior evaluations from 1992 and 2002, we conducted a floral survey in 2020 to compare results with prior surveys to document vegetation successional trends over time. In addition, we monitored the avian community throughout the growing season as a measure of habitat quality. The plant community mirrored documented successional trends of freshwater wetland restoration projects as native hydrophytes dominated species composition. Plant species composition stabilized as the rate of turnover, the measurement of succession, declined by nearly half after 17 years. Researchers should consider long-term monitoring of specific sites to better understand successional patterns of created wetlands as we documented long time frames required for the development of scrub-shrub swamps, red maple swamps, and sedge meadows. High species richness was attributed to beaver activity, topographic heterogeneity from Carex stricta tussocks, and the seed bank from the application of peat from the original wetland. Habitat heterogeneity of open water, herbaceous cover, and woody vegetation supports a diverse avian community including 11 wetland dependent species. Although the mitigation project has not created the full area of lost scrub-shrub swamp after 35 years, it has developed a structurally complex habitat and diverse avian community that effectively provides the functions and values of the impacted system.J Grant McKownGregg E MooreAndrew R PayneNatalie A WhiteJennifer L GibsonPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 5, p e0251748 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q J Grant McKown Gregg E Moore Andrew R Payne Natalie A White Jennifer L Gibson Successional dynamics of a 35 year old freshwater mitigation wetland in southeastern New Hampshire.
description	The long-term ecological success of compensatory freshwater wetland projects has come into question based on follow-up monitoring studies over the past few decades. Given that wetland restoration may require many years to decades to converge to desired outcomes, long-term monitoring of successional patterns may increase our ability to fully evaluate success of wetland mitigation projects or guide adaptive management when needed. In Portsmouth, New Hampshire a 4 ha wetland was constructed in an abandoned gravel quarry as off-site compensatory mitigation for impacts to a scrub-shrub swamp associated with property expansion. Building upon prior evaluations from 1992 and 2002, we conducted a floral survey in 2020 to compare results with prior surveys to document vegetation successional trends over time. In addition, we monitored the avian community throughout the growing season as a measure of habitat quality. The plant community mirrored documented successional trends of freshwater wetland restoration projects as native hydrophytes dominated species composition. Plant species composition stabilized as the rate of turnover, the measurement of succession, declined by nearly half after 17 years. Researchers should consider long-term monitoring of specific sites to better understand successional patterns of created wetlands as we documented long time frames required for the development of scrub-shrub swamps, red maple swamps, and sedge meadows. High species richness was attributed to beaver activity, topographic heterogeneity from Carex stricta tussocks, and the seed bank from the application of peat from the original wetland. Habitat heterogeneity of open water, herbaceous cover, and woody vegetation supports a diverse avian community including 11 wetland dependent species. Although the mitigation project has not created the full area of lost scrub-shrub swamp after 35 years, it has developed a structurally complex habitat and diverse avian community that effectively provides the functions and values of the impacted system.
format	article
author	J Grant McKown Gregg E Moore Andrew R Payne Natalie A White Jennifer L Gibson
author_facet	J Grant McKown Gregg E Moore Andrew R Payne Natalie A White Jennifer L Gibson
author_sort	J Grant McKown
title	Successional dynamics of a 35 year old freshwater mitigation wetland in southeastern New Hampshire.
title_short	Successional dynamics of a 35 year old freshwater mitigation wetland in southeastern New Hampshire.
title_full	Successional dynamics of a 35 year old freshwater mitigation wetland in southeastern New Hampshire.
title_fullStr	Successional dynamics of a 35 year old freshwater mitigation wetland in southeastern New Hampshire.
title_full_unstemmed	Successional dynamics of a 35 year old freshwater mitigation wetland in southeastern New Hampshire.
title_sort	successional dynamics of a 35 year old freshwater mitigation wetland in southeastern new hampshire.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/1165e3c949ac45e0bff8febfd8687666
work_keys_str_mv	AT jgrantmckown successionaldynamicsofa35yearoldfreshwatermitigationwetlandinsoutheasternnewhampshire AT greggemoore successionaldynamicsofa35yearoldfreshwatermitigationwetlandinsoutheasternnewhampshire AT andrewrpayne successionaldynamicsofa35yearoldfreshwatermitigationwetlandinsoutheasternnewhampshire AT natalieawhite successionaldynamicsofa35yearoldfreshwatermitigationwetlandinsoutheasternnewhampshire AT jenniferlgibson successionaldynamicsofa35yearoldfreshwatermitigationwetlandinsoutheasternnewhampshire
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Successional dynamics of a 35 year old freshwater mitigation wetland in southeastern New Hampshire.

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