Double-Layer Agar (DLA) Modifications for the First Step of the Phage-Antibiotic Synergy (PAS) Identification

The research carried out so far for phage-antibiotic synergy (PAS) differs as regards the technique of modifying the double-layer agar (DLA) method to show the PAS effect on Petri plates, which may contribute to non-uniform research results. Therefore, there is a need to unify the method to effectiv...

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Autores principales: Xymena Stachurska, Marta Roszak, Joanna Jabłońska, Małgorzata Mizielińska, Paweł Nawrotek
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Publicado: MDPI AG 2021
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Acceso en línea:https://doaj.org/article/11863e1600064993acb0443155f7f503
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spelling oai:doaj.org-article:11863e1600064993acb0443155f7f5032021-11-25T16:22:28ZDouble-Layer Agar (DLA) Modifications for the First Step of the Phage-Antibiotic Synergy (PAS) Identification10.3390/antibiotics101113062079-6382https://doaj.org/article/11863e1600064993acb0443155f7f5032021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/10/11/1306https://doaj.org/toc/2079-6382The research carried out so far for phage-antibiotic synergy (PAS) differs as regards the technique of modifying the double-layer agar (DLA) method to show the PAS effect on Petri plates, which may contribute to non-uniform research results. Therefore, there is a need to unify the method to effectively detect the PAS effect, at its most basic in vitro test. In this study, bacteriophage T4<sub>5</sub> and 43 antibiotics belonging to different antibiotic classes were used. Seven different DLA method modifications were tested, in terms of antibiotic addition placement and presence or absence of the base agar. The overall number of phage plaques per plate mainly depended on the antibiotic used. Differences in plaque quantity depended on the type of the DLA method modification. The largest total number of plaques was obtained by the addition of an antibiotic to a bottom agar with the presence of a top agar. This indicates that even though an antibiotic could manifest the PAS effect by a standard disk method, it would be worth examining if the effect is equally satisfactory when applying antibiotics directly into the agar, with regards to using the same bacteriophage and bacterial host.Xymena StachurskaMarta RoszakJoanna JabłońskaMałgorzata MizielińskaPaweł NawrotekMDPI AGarticleantibioticsbacteriophagephage-antibiotic synergy<i>Escherichia coli</i>double-layer agar methodTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENAntibiotics, Vol 10, Iss 1306, p 1306 (2021)
institution DOAJ
collection DOAJ
language EN
topic antibiotics
bacteriophage
phage-antibiotic synergy
<i>Escherichia coli</i>
double-layer agar method
Therapeutics. Pharmacology
RM1-950
spellingShingle antibiotics
bacteriophage
phage-antibiotic synergy
<i>Escherichia coli</i>
double-layer agar method
Therapeutics. Pharmacology
RM1-950
Xymena Stachurska
Marta Roszak
Joanna Jabłońska
Małgorzata Mizielińska
Paweł Nawrotek
Double-Layer Agar (DLA) Modifications for the First Step of the Phage-Antibiotic Synergy (PAS) Identification
description The research carried out so far for phage-antibiotic synergy (PAS) differs as regards the technique of modifying the double-layer agar (DLA) method to show the PAS effect on Petri plates, which may contribute to non-uniform research results. Therefore, there is a need to unify the method to effectively detect the PAS effect, at its most basic in vitro test. In this study, bacteriophage T4<sub>5</sub> and 43 antibiotics belonging to different antibiotic classes were used. Seven different DLA method modifications were tested, in terms of antibiotic addition placement and presence or absence of the base agar. The overall number of phage plaques per plate mainly depended on the antibiotic used. Differences in plaque quantity depended on the type of the DLA method modification. The largest total number of plaques was obtained by the addition of an antibiotic to a bottom agar with the presence of a top agar. This indicates that even though an antibiotic could manifest the PAS effect by a standard disk method, it would be worth examining if the effect is equally satisfactory when applying antibiotics directly into the agar, with regards to using the same bacteriophage and bacterial host.
format article
author Xymena Stachurska
Marta Roszak
Joanna Jabłońska
Małgorzata Mizielińska
Paweł Nawrotek
author_facet Xymena Stachurska
Marta Roszak
Joanna Jabłońska
Małgorzata Mizielińska
Paweł Nawrotek
author_sort Xymena Stachurska
title Double-Layer Agar (DLA) Modifications for the First Step of the Phage-Antibiotic Synergy (PAS) Identification
title_short Double-Layer Agar (DLA) Modifications for the First Step of the Phage-Antibiotic Synergy (PAS) Identification
title_full Double-Layer Agar (DLA) Modifications for the First Step of the Phage-Antibiotic Synergy (PAS) Identification
title_fullStr Double-Layer Agar (DLA) Modifications for the First Step of the Phage-Antibiotic Synergy (PAS) Identification
title_full_unstemmed Double-Layer Agar (DLA) Modifications for the First Step of the Phage-Antibiotic Synergy (PAS) Identification
title_sort double-layer agar (dla) modifications for the first step of the phage-antibiotic synergy (pas) identification
publisher MDPI AG
publishDate 2021
url https://doaj.org/article/11863e1600064993acb0443155f7f503
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AT małgorzatamizielinska doublelayeragardlamodificationsforthefirststepofthephageantibioticsynergypasidentification
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