Density Slopes in Variable Density Flow Modeling

Variable density flow (VDF) modeling is a valuable tool for assessing the potential impacts of global climate change and sea level rise on coastal aquifers. When using any of these modeling tools, a quantitative relationship is needed to compute the fluid density from salt concentration. A full unde...

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Autor principal:	Weixing Guo
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	groundwater modeling density slope variable density flow saltwater intrusion Hydraulic engineering TC1-978 Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes TD201-500
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/119bf189d0e640a98d67a7eb79c86644
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id	oai:doaj.org-article:119bf189d0e640a98d67a7eb79c86644
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:119bf189d0e640a98d67a7eb79c866442021-11-25T19:16:28ZDensity Slopes in Variable Density Flow Modeling10.3390/w132232922073-4441https://doaj.org/article/119bf189d0e640a98d67a7eb79c866442021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/13/22/3292https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4441Variable density flow (VDF) modeling is a valuable tool for assessing the potential impacts of global climate change and sea level rise on coastal aquifers. When using any of these modeling tools, a quantitative relationship is needed to compute the fluid density from salt concentration. A full understanding of the relationship between fluid density and solute concentration and the correct implementation of the equation of state are critical for variable density modeling. The works of Baxter and his colleagues in the early 20th century showed that fluid density could be linearly correlated to salt concentrations. A constant density slope of 0.7 is often assumed and applied. The assumption is reasonable when the salinity is less than 100‰. The density slope can also be defined from chloride concentration data with the assumption of a constant ratio (55%) between chloride and total dissolved solids (TDS). Field data from central Florida indicate that the chloride/TDS ratio can be as low as 5%. Therefore, TDS is the preferred water quality data for fluid density determination in variable density modeling. Other issues with density slope are also discussed, and some commonly used values of density slope are provided in this technical note.Weixing GuoMDPI AGarticlegroundwater modelingdensity slopevariable density flowsaltwater intrusionHydraulic engineeringTC1-978Water supply for domestic and industrial purposesTD201-500ENWater, Vol 13, Iss 3292, p 3292 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	groundwater modeling density slope variable density flow saltwater intrusion Hydraulic engineering TC1-978 Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes TD201-500
spellingShingle	groundwater modeling density slope variable density flow saltwater intrusion Hydraulic engineering TC1-978 Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes TD201-500 Weixing Guo Density Slopes in Variable Density Flow Modeling
description	Variable density flow (VDF) modeling is a valuable tool for assessing the potential impacts of global climate change and sea level rise on coastal aquifers. When using any of these modeling tools, a quantitative relationship is needed to compute the fluid density from salt concentration. A full understanding of the relationship between fluid density and solute concentration and the correct implementation of the equation of state are critical for variable density modeling. The works of Baxter and his colleagues in the early 20th century showed that fluid density could be linearly correlated to salt concentrations. A constant density slope of 0.7 is often assumed and applied. The assumption is reasonable when the salinity is less than 100‰. The density slope can also be defined from chloride concentration data with the assumption of a constant ratio (55%) between chloride and total dissolved solids (TDS). Field data from central Florida indicate that the chloride/TDS ratio can be as low as 5%. Therefore, TDS is the preferred water quality data for fluid density determination in variable density modeling. Other issues with density slope are also discussed, and some commonly used values of density slope are provided in this technical note.
format	article
author	Weixing Guo
author_facet	Weixing Guo
author_sort	Weixing Guo
title	Density Slopes in Variable Density Flow Modeling
title_short	Density Slopes in Variable Density Flow Modeling
title_full	Density Slopes in Variable Density Flow Modeling
title_fullStr	Density Slopes in Variable Density Flow Modeling
title_full_unstemmed	Density Slopes in Variable Density Flow Modeling
title_sort	density slopes in variable density flow modeling
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/119bf189d0e640a98d67a7eb79c86644
work_keys_str_mv	AT weixingguo densityslopesinvariabledensityflowmodeling
_version_	1718410074686226432

Density Slopes in Variable Density Flow Modeling

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