Axonal transmission in the retina introduces a small dispersion of relative timing in the ganglion cell population response.

<h4>Background</h4>Visual stimuli elicit action potentials in tens of different retinal ganglion cells. Each ganglion cell type responds with a different latency to a given stimulus, thus transforming the high-dimensional input into a temporal neural code. The timing of the first spikes...

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Autores principales:	Günther Zeck, Armin Lambacher, Peter Fromherz
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2011
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/11a9780ccdd348c680466a5a0c431095
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:11a9780ccdd348c680466a5a0c4310952021-11-18T06:52:40ZAxonal transmission in the retina introduces a small dispersion of relative timing in the ganglion cell population response.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0020810https://doaj.org/article/11a9780ccdd348c680466a5a0c4310952011-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/21674067/pdf/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Background</h4>Visual stimuli elicit action potentials in tens of different retinal ganglion cells. Each ganglion cell type responds with a different latency to a given stimulus, thus transforming the high-dimensional input into a temporal neural code. The timing of the first spikes between different retinal projection neurons cells may further change along axonal transmission. The purpose of this study is to investigate if intraretinal conduction velocity leads to a synchronization or dispersion of the population signal leaving the eye.<h4>Methodology/principal findings</h4>We 'imaged' the initiation and transmission of light-evoked action potentials along individual axons in the rabbit retina at micron-scale resolution using a high-density multi-transistor array. We measured unimodal conduction velocity distributions (1.3±0.3 m/sec, mean ± SD) for axonal populations at all retinal eccentricities with the exception of the central part that contains myelinated axons. The velocity variance within each piece of retina is caused by ganglion cell types that show narrower and slightly different average velocity tuning. Ganglion cells of the same type respond with similar latency to spatially homogenous stimuli and conduct with similar velocity. For ganglion cells of different type intraretinal conduction velocity and response latency to flashed stimuli are negatively correlated, indicating that differences in first spike timing increase (up to 10 msec). Similarly, the analysis of pair-wise correlated activity in response to white-noise stimuli reveals that conduction velocity and response latency are negatively correlated.<h4>Conclusion/significance</h4>Intraretinal conduction does not change the relative spike timing between ganglion cells of the same type but increases spike timing differences among ganglion cells of different type. The fastest retinal ganglion cells therefore act as indicators of new stimuli for postsynaptic neurons. The intraretinal dispersion of the population activity will not be compensated by variability in extraretinal conduction times, estimated from data in the literature.Günther ZeckArmin LambacherPeter FromherzPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 6, Iss 6, p e20810 (2011)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Günther Zeck Armin Lambacher Peter Fromherz Axonal transmission in the retina introduces a small dispersion of relative timing in the ganglion cell population response.
description	<h4>Background</h4>Visual stimuli elicit action potentials in tens of different retinal ganglion cells. Each ganglion cell type responds with a different latency to a given stimulus, thus transforming the high-dimensional input into a temporal neural code. The timing of the first spikes between different retinal projection neurons cells may further change along axonal transmission. The purpose of this study is to investigate if intraretinal conduction velocity leads to a synchronization or dispersion of the population signal leaving the eye.<h4>Methodology/principal findings</h4>We 'imaged' the initiation and transmission of light-evoked action potentials along individual axons in the rabbit retina at micron-scale resolution using a high-density multi-transistor array. We measured unimodal conduction velocity distributions (1.3±0.3 m/sec, mean ± SD) for axonal populations at all retinal eccentricities with the exception of the central part that contains myelinated axons. The velocity variance within each piece of retina is caused by ganglion cell types that show narrower and slightly different average velocity tuning. Ganglion cells of the same type respond with similar latency to spatially homogenous stimuli and conduct with similar velocity. For ganglion cells of different type intraretinal conduction velocity and response latency to flashed stimuli are negatively correlated, indicating that differences in first spike timing increase (up to 10 msec). Similarly, the analysis of pair-wise correlated activity in response to white-noise stimuli reveals that conduction velocity and response latency are negatively correlated.<h4>Conclusion/significance</h4>Intraretinal conduction does not change the relative spike timing between ganglion cells of the same type but increases spike timing differences among ganglion cells of different type. The fastest retinal ganglion cells therefore act as indicators of new stimuli for postsynaptic neurons. The intraretinal dispersion of the population activity will not be compensated by variability in extraretinal conduction times, estimated from data in the literature.
format	article
author	Günther Zeck Armin Lambacher Peter Fromherz
author_facet	Günther Zeck Armin Lambacher Peter Fromherz
author_sort	Günther Zeck
title	Axonal transmission in the retina introduces a small dispersion of relative timing in the ganglion cell population response.
title_short	Axonal transmission in the retina introduces a small dispersion of relative timing in the ganglion cell population response.
title_full	Axonal transmission in the retina introduces a small dispersion of relative timing in the ganglion cell population response.
title_fullStr	Axonal transmission in the retina introduces a small dispersion of relative timing in the ganglion cell population response.
title_full_unstemmed	Axonal transmission in the retina introduces a small dispersion of relative timing in the ganglion cell population response.
title_sort	axonal transmission in the retina introduces a small dispersion of relative timing in the ganglion cell population response.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2011
url	https://doaj.org/article/11a9780ccdd348c680466a5a0c431095
work_keys_str_mv	AT guntherzeck axonaltransmissionintheretinaintroducesasmalldispersionofrelativetimingintheganglioncellpopulationresponse AT arminlambacher axonaltransmissionintheretinaintroducesasmalldispersionofrelativetimingintheganglioncellpopulationresponse AT peterfromherz axonaltransmissionintheretinaintroducesasmalldispersionofrelativetimingintheganglioncellpopulationresponse
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Axonal transmission in the retina introduces a small dispersion of relative timing in the ganglion cell population response.

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