Genetic diversity and population parameters of sea otters, Enhydra lutris, before fur trade extirpation from 1741-1911.

All existing sea otter, Enhydra lutris, populations have suffered at least one historic population bottleneck stemming from the fur trade extirpations of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. We examined genetic variation, gene flow, and population structure at five microsatellite loci in samples...

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Autores principales:	Shawn Larson, Ron Jameson, Michael Etnier, Terry Jones, Roberta Hall
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2012
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/11bbb1fa65714c60ba7ea9c3c6f41706
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:11bbb1fa65714c60ba7ea9c3c6f417062021-11-18T07:26:09ZGenetic diversity and population parameters of sea otters, Enhydra lutris, before fur trade extirpation from 1741-1911.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0032205https://doaj.org/article/11bbb1fa65714c60ba7ea9c3c6f417062012-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/22403635/pdf/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203All existing sea otter, Enhydra lutris, populations have suffered at least one historic population bottleneck stemming from the fur trade extirpations of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. We examined genetic variation, gene flow, and population structure at five microsatellite loci in samples from five pre-fur trade populations throughout the sea otter's historical range: California, Oregon, Washington, Alaska, and Russia. We then compared those values to genetic diversity and population structure found within five modern sea otter populations throughout their current range: California, Prince William Sound, Amchitka Island, Southeast Alaska and Washington. We found twice the genetic diversity in the pre-fur trade populations when compared to modern sea otters, a level of diversity that was similar to levels that are found in other mammal populations that have not experienced population bottlenecks. Even with the significant loss in genetic diversity modern sea otters have retained historical structure. There was greater gene flow before extirpation than that found among modern sea otter populations but the difference was not statistically significant. The most dramatic effect of pre fur trade population extirpation was the loss of genetic diversity. For long term conservation of these populations increasing gene flow and the maintenance of remnant genetic diversity should be encouraged.Shawn LarsonRon JamesonMichael EtnierTerry JonesRoberta HallPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 7, Iss 3, p e32205 (2012)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Shawn Larson Ron Jameson Michael Etnier Terry Jones Roberta Hall Genetic diversity and population parameters of sea otters, Enhydra lutris, before fur trade extirpation from 1741-1911.
description	All existing sea otter, Enhydra lutris, populations have suffered at least one historic population bottleneck stemming from the fur trade extirpations of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. We examined genetic variation, gene flow, and population structure at five microsatellite loci in samples from five pre-fur trade populations throughout the sea otter's historical range: California, Oregon, Washington, Alaska, and Russia. We then compared those values to genetic diversity and population structure found within five modern sea otter populations throughout their current range: California, Prince William Sound, Amchitka Island, Southeast Alaska and Washington. We found twice the genetic diversity in the pre-fur trade populations when compared to modern sea otters, a level of diversity that was similar to levels that are found in other mammal populations that have not experienced population bottlenecks. Even with the significant loss in genetic diversity modern sea otters have retained historical structure. There was greater gene flow before extirpation than that found among modern sea otter populations but the difference was not statistically significant. The most dramatic effect of pre fur trade population extirpation was the loss of genetic diversity. For long term conservation of these populations increasing gene flow and the maintenance of remnant genetic diversity should be encouraged.
format	article
author	Shawn Larson Ron Jameson Michael Etnier Terry Jones Roberta Hall
author_facet	Shawn Larson Ron Jameson Michael Etnier Terry Jones Roberta Hall
author_sort	Shawn Larson
title	Genetic diversity and population parameters of sea otters, Enhydra lutris, before fur trade extirpation from 1741-1911.
title_short	Genetic diversity and population parameters of sea otters, Enhydra lutris, before fur trade extirpation from 1741-1911.
title_full	Genetic diversity and population parameters of sea otters, Enhydra lutris, before fur trade extirpation from 1741-1911.
title_fullStr	Genetic diversity and population parameters of sea otters, Enhydra lutris, before fur trade extirpation from 1741-1911.
title_full_unstemmed	Genetic diversity and population parameters of sea otters, Enhydra lutris, before fur trade extirpation from 1741-1911.
title_sort	genetic diversity and population parameters of sea otters, enhydra lutris, before fur trade extirpation from 1741-1911.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2012
url	https://doaj.org/article/11bbb1fa65714c60ba7ea9c3c6f41706
work_keys_str_mv	AT shawnlarson geneticdiversityandpopulationparametersofseaottersenhydralutrisbeforefurtradeextirpationfrom17411911 AT ronjameson geneticdiversityandpopulationparametersofseaottersenhydralutrisbeforefurtradeextirpationfrom17411911 AT michaeletnier geneticdiversityandpopulationparametersofseaottersenhydralutrisbeforefurtradeextirpationfrom17411911 AT terryjones geneticdiversityandpopulationparametersofseaottersenhydralutrisbeforefurtradeextirpationfrom17411911 AT robertahall geneticdiversityandpopulationparametersofseaottersenhydralutrisbeforefurtradeextirpationfrom17411911
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Genetic diversity and population parameters of sea otters, Enhydra lutris, before fur trade extirpation from 1741-1911.

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