SARS-CoV-2: Emerging Role in the Pathogenesis of Various Thyroid Diseases
Avaniyapuram Kannan Murugan,1 Ali S Alzahrani1,2 1Division of Molecular Endocrinology, Department of Molecular Oncology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, 11211, Saudi Arabia; 2Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, 11211, Saud...
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Dove Medical Press
2021
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oai:doaj.org-article:11e51be9f89b4027b9af9486871636b12021-11-23T18:43:01ZSARS-CoV-2: Emerging Role in the Pathogenesis of Various Thyroid Diseases1178-7031https://doaj.org/article/11e51be9f89b4027b9af9486871636b12021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.dovepress.com/sars-cov-2-emerging-role-in-the-pathogenesis-of-various-thyroid-diseas-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-JIRhttps://doaj.org/toc/1178-7031Avaniyapuram Kannan Murugan,1 Ali S Alzahrani1,2 1Division of Molecular Endocrinology, Department of Molecular Oncology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, 11211, Saudi Arabia; 2Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, 11211, Saudi ArabiaCorrespondence: Avaniyapuram Kannan MuruganDivision of Molecular Endocrinology, Department of Molecular Oncology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Riyadh, 11211, Saudi ArabiaTel +966 11-4647272 Extn 35076Email akmurugan@gmail.comAbstract: Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) is asymptomatic in most cases, but it is impartible and fatal in fragile and elderly people. Heretofore, more than four million people succumbed to COVID-19, while it spreads to every part of the globe. Severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) induces various dysfunctions in many vital organs including the thyroid by utilizing ACE2 as a receptor for cellular entry. Emerging reports clearly show the involvement of SARS-CoV-2 in diverse thyroid disorders. Thus, this review article aims to review comprehensively all the recent developments in SARS-CoV-2-induced pathogenesis of thyroid diseases. The review briefly summarizes the recent key findings on the mechanism of SARS-CoV-2 infection, the role of ACE2 receptor in viral entry, SARS-CoV-2-activated molecular signaling in host cells, ACE2 expression in the thyroid, cytokine storm, and its vital role in thyroid dysfunction and long-COVID in relation to thyroid and autoimmunity. Further, it extensively discusses rapidly evolving knowledge on the potential part of SARS-CoV-2 in emerging various thyroid dysfunctions during and post-COVID-19 conditions which include subacute thyroiditis, Graves’ diseases, Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, thyrotoxicosis, and other recent advances in further discerning the implications of this virus within thyroid dysfunction. Unraveling the pathophysiology of SARS-CoV-2-triggered thyroid dysfunctions may aid pertinent therapeutic options and management of these patients in both during and post-COVID-19 scenarios.Keywords: thyroid, COVID-19, hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, SARS-CoV-2, ACE2, inflammation, IL6, subacute thyroiditis, Graves’ disease, Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, thyrotoxicosis, p38/MAPK, thyroid cancerMurugan AKAlzahrani ASDove Medical Pressarticlethyroidcovid-19hyperthyroidismhypothyroidismsars-cov-2ace2inflammationil6subacute thyroiditisgraves' diseasehashimoto's thyroiditisthyrotoxicosisparathyroidhyperparathyroidismhypoparathyroidismp38/mapkthyroid cancerPathologyRB1-214Therapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENJournal of Inflammation Research, Vol Volume 14, Pp 6191-6221 (2021) |
| institution |
DOAJ |
| collection |
DOAJ |
| language |
EN |
| topic |
thyroid covid-19 hyperthyroidism hypothyroidism sars-cov-2 ace2 inflammation il6 subacute thyroiditis graves' disease hashimoto's thyroiditis thyrotoxicosis parathyroid hyperparathyroidism hypoparathyroidism p38/mapk thyroid cancer Pathology RB1-214 Therapeutics. Pharmacology RM1-950 |
| spellingShingle |
thyroid covid-19 hyperthyroidism hypothyroidism sars-cov-2 ace2 inflammation il6 subacute thyroiditis graves' disease hashimoto's thyroiditis thyrotoxicosis parathyroid hyperparathyroidism hypoparathyroidism p38/mapk thyroid cancer Pathology RB1-214 Therapeutics. Pharmacology RM1-950 Murugan AK Alzahrani AS SARS-CoV-2: Emerging Role in the Pathogenesis of Various Thyroid Diseases |
| description |
Avaniyapuram Kannan Murugan,1 Ali S Alzahrani1,2 1Division of Molecular Endocrinology, Department of Molecular Oncology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, 11211, Saudi Arabia; 2Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, 11211, Saudi ArabiaCorrespondence: Avaniyapuram Kannan MuruganDivision of Molecular Endocrinology, Department of Molecular Oncology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Riyadh, 11211, Saudi ArabiaTel +966 11-4647272 Extn 35076Email akmurugan@gmail.comAbstract: Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) is asymptomatic in most cases, but it is impartible and fatal in fragile and elderly people. Heretofore, more than four million people succumbed to COVID-19, while it spreads to every part of the globe. Severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) induces various dysfunctions in many vital organs including the thyroid by utilizing ACE2 as a receptor for cellular entry. Emerging reports clearly show the involvement of SARS-CoV-2 in diverse thyroid disorders. Thus, this review article aims to review comprehensively all the recent developments in SARS-CoV-2-induced pathogenesis of thyroid diseases. The review briefly summarizes the recent key findings on the mechanism of SARS-CoV-2 infection, the role of ACE2 receptor in viral entry, SARS-CoV-2-activated molecular signaling in host cells, ACE2 expression in the thyroid, cytokine storm, and its vital role in thyroid dysfunction and long-COVID in relation to thyroid and autoimmunity. Further, it extensively discusses rapidly evolving knowledge on the potential part of SARS-CoV-2 in emerging various thyroid dysfunctions during and post-COVID-19 conditions which include subacute thyroiditis, Graves’ diseases, Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, thyrotoxicosis, and other recent advances in further discerning the implications of this virus within thyroid dysfunction. Unraveling the pathophysiology of SARS-CoV-2-triggered thyroid dysfunctions may aid pertinent therapeutic options and management of these patients in both during and post-COVID-19 scenarios.Keywords: thyroid, COVID-19, hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, SARS-CoV-2, ACE2, inflammation, IL6, subacute thyroiditis, Graves’ disease, Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, thyrotoxicosis, p38/MAPK, thyroid cancer |
| format |
article |
| author |
Murugan AK Alzahrani AS |
| author_facet |
Murugan AK Alzahrani AS |
| author_sort |
Murugan AK |
| title |
SARS-CoV-2: Emerging Role in the Pathogenesis of Various Thyroid Diseases |
| title_short |
SARS-CoV-2: Emerging Role in the Pathogenesis of Various Thyroid Diseases |
| title_full |
SARS-CoV-2: Emerging Role in the Pathogenesis of Various Thyroid Diseases |
| title_fullStr |
SARS-CoV-2: Emerging Role in the Pathogenesis of Various Thyroid Diseases |
| title_full_unstemmed |
SARS-CoV-2: Emerging Role in the Pathogenesis of Various Thyroid Diseases |
| title_sort |
sars-cov-2: emerging role in the pathogenesis of various thyroid diseases |
| publisher |
Dove Medical Press |
| publishDate |
2021 |
| url |
https://doaj.org/article/11e51be9f89b4027b9af9486871636b1 |
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AT muruganak sarscov2emergingroleinthepathogenesisofvariousthyroiddiseases AT alzahranias sarscov2emergingroleinthepathogenesisofvariousthyroiddiseases |
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