Multiple sex-associated regions and a putative sex chromosome in zebrafish revealed by RAD mapping and population genomics.

Within vertebrates, major sex determining genes can differ among taxa and even within species. In zebrafish (Danio rerio), neither heteromorphic sex chromosomes nor single sex determination genes of large effect, like Sry in mammals, have yet been identified. Furthermore, environmental factors can i...

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Autores principales:	Jennifer L Anderson, Adriana Rodríguez Marí, Ingo Braasch, Angel Amores, Paul Hohenlohe, Peter Batzel, John H Postlethwait
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2012
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/120a86f99b354dfa889c46427cfb4371
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:120a86f99b354dfa889c46427cfb43712021-11-18T07:13:04ZMultiple sex-associated regions and a putative sex chromosome in zebrafish revealed by RAD mapping and population genomics.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0040701https://doaj.org/article/120a86f99b354dfa889c46427cfb43712012-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/22792396/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Within vertebrates, major sex determining genes can differ among taxa and even within species. In zebrafish (Danio rerio), neither heteromorphic sex chromosomes nor single sex determination genes of large effect, like Sry in mammals, have yet been identified. Furthermore, environmental factors can influence zebrafish sex determination. Although progress has been made in understanding zebrafish gonad differentiation (e.g. the influence of germ cells on gonad fate), the primary genetic basis of zebrafish sex determination remains poorly understood. To identify genetic loci associated with sex, we analyzed F(2) offspring of reciprocal crosses between Oregon AB and Nadia (NA) wild-type zebrafish stocks. Genome-wide linkage analysis, using more than 5,000 sequence-based polymorphic restriction site associated (RAD-tag) markers and population genomic analysis of more than 30,000 single nucleotide polymorphisms in our ABxNA crosses revealed a sex-associated locus on the end of the long arm of chr-4 for both cross families, and an additional locus in the middle of chr-3 in one cross family. Additional sequencing showed that two SNPs in dmrt1 previously suggested to be functional candidates for sex determination in a cross of ABxIndia wild-type zebrafish, are not associated with sex in our AB fish. Our data show that sex determination in zebrafish is polygenic and that different genes may influence sex determination in different strains or that different genes become more important under different environmental conditions. The association of the end of chr-4 with sex is remarkable because, unique in the karyotype, this chromosome arm shares features with known sex chromosomes: it is highly heterochromatic, repetitive, late replicating, and has reduced recombination. Our results reveal that chr-4 has functional and structural properties expected of a sex chromosome.Jennifer L AndersonAdriana Rodríguez MaríIngo BraaschAngel AmoresPaul HohenlohePeter BatzelJohn H PostlethwaitPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 7, Iss 7, p e40701 (2012)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Jennifer L Anderson Adriana Rodríguez Marí Ingo Braasch Angel Amores Paul Hohenlohe Peter Batzel John H Postlethwait Multiple sex-associated regions and a putative sex chromosome in zebrafish revealed by RAD mapping and population genomics.
description	Within vertebrates, major sex determining genes can differ among taxa and even within species. In zebrafish (Danio rerio), neither heteromorphic sex chromosomes nor single sex determination genes of large effect, like Sry in mammals, have yet been identified. Furthermore, environmental factors can influence zebrafish sex determination. Although progress has been made in understanding zebrafish gonad differentiation (e.g. the influence of germ cells on gonad fate), the primary genetic basis of zebrafish sex determination remains poorly understood. To identify genetic loci associated with sex, we analyzed F(2) offspring of reciprocal crosses between Oregon AB and Nadia (NA) wild-type zebrafish stocks. Genome-wide linkage analysis, using more than 5,000 sequence-based polymorphic restriction site associated (RAD-tag) markers and population genomic analysis of more than 30,000 single nucleotide polymorphisms in our ABxNA crosses revealed a sex-associated locus on the end of the long arm of chr-4 for both cross families, and an additional locus in the middle of chr-3 in one cross family. Additional sequencing showed that two SNPs in dmrt1 previously suggested to be functional candidates for sex determination in a cross of ABxIndia wild-type zebrafish, are not associated with sex in our AB fish. Our data show that sex determination in zebrafish is polygenic and that different genes may influence sex determination in different strains or that different genes become more important under different environmental conditions. The association of the end of chr-4 with sex is remarkable because, unique in the karyotype, this chromosome arm shares features with known sex chromosomes: it is highly heterochromatic, repetitive, late replicating, and has reduced recombination. Our results reveal that chr-4 has functional and structural properties expected of a sex chromosome.
format	article
author	Jennifer L Anderson Adriana Rodríguez Marí Ingo Braasch Angel Amores Paul Hohenlohe Peter Batzel John H Postlethwait
author_facet	Jennifer L Anderson Adriana Rodríguez Marí Ingo Braasch Angel Amores Paul Hohenlohe Peter Batzel John H Postlethwait
author_sort	Jennifer L Anderson
title	Multiple sex-associated regions and a putative sex chromosome in zebrafish revealed by RAD mapping and population genomics.
title_short	Multiple sex-associated regions and a putative sex chromosome in zebrafish revealed by RAD mapping and population genomics.
title_full	Multiple sex-associated regions and a putative sex chromosome in zebrafish revealed by RAD mapping and population genomics.
title_fullStr	Multiple sex-associated regions and a putative sex chromosome in zebrafish revealed by RAD mapping and population genomics.
title_full_unstemmed	Multiple sex-associated regions and a putative sex chromosome in zebrafish revealed by RAD mapping and population genomics.
title_sort	multiple sex-associated regions and a putative sex chromosome in zebrafish revealed by rad mapping and population genomics.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2012
url	https://doaj.org/article/120a86f99b354dfa889c46427cfb4371
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Multiple sex-associated regions and a putative sex chromosome in zebrafish revealed by RAD mapping and population genomics.

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