Altered arterial stiffness and subendocardial viability ratio in young healthy light smokers after acute exercise.

<h4>Background</h4>Studies showed that long-standing smokers have stiffer arteries at rest. However, the effect of smoking on the ability of the vascular system to respond to increased demands (physical stress) has not been studied. The purpose of this study was to estimate the effect of...

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Autores principales:	Robert J Doonan, Patrick Scheffler, Alice Yu, Giordano Egiziano, Andrew Mutter, Simon Bacon, Franco Carli, Marios E Daskalopoulos, Stella S Daskalopoulou
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2011
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/123ccc26cb4c4e159df62f3596337fd7
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:123ccc26cb4c4e159df62f3596337fd72021-11-18T07:36:26ZAltered arterial stiffness and subendocardial viability ratio in young healthy light smokers after acute exercise.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0026151https://doaj.org/article/123ccc26cb4c4e159df62f3596337fd72011-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/22028821/pdf/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Background</h4>Studies showed that long-standing smokers have stiffer arteries at rest. However, the effect of smoking on the ability of the vascular system to respond to increased demands (physical stress) has not been studied. The purpose of this study was to estimate the effect of smoking on arterial stiffness and subendocardial viability ratio, at rest and after acute exercise in young healthy individuals.<h4>Methods/results</h4>Healthy light smokers (n = 24, pack-years = 2.9) and non-smokers (n = 53) underwent pulse wave analysis and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity measurements at rest, and 2, 5, 10, and 15 minutes following an exercise test to exhaustion. Smokers were tested, 1) after 12h abstinence from smoking (chronic condition) and 2) immediately after smoking one cigarette (acute condition). At rest, chronic smokers had higher augmentation index and lower aortic pulse pressure than non-smokers, while subendocardial viability ratio was not significantly different. Acute smoking increased resting augmentation index and decreased subendocardial viability ratio compared with non-smokers, and decreased subendocardial viability ratio compared with the chronic condition. After exercise, subendocardial viability ratio was lower, and augmentation index and aortic pulse pressure were higher in non-smokers than smokers in the chronic and acute conditions. cfPWV rate of recovery of was greater in non-smokers than chronic smokers after exercise. Non-smokers were also able to achieve higher workloads than smokers in both conditions.<h4>Conclusion</h4>Chronic and acute smoking appears to diminish the vascular response to physical stress. This can be seen as an impaired 'vascular reserve' or a blunted ability of the blood vessels to accommodate the changes required to achieve higher workloads. These changes were noted before changes in arterial stiffness or subendocardial viability ratio occurred at rest. Even light smoking in young healthy individuals appears to have harmful effects on vascular function, affecting the ability of the vascular bed to respond to increased demands.Robert J DoonanPatrick SchefflerAlice YuGiordano EgizianoAndrew MutterSimon BaconFranco CarliMarios E DaskalopoulosStella S DaskalopoulouPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 6, Iss 10, p e26151 (2011)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Robert J Doonan Patrick Scheffler Alice Yu Giordano Egiziano Andrew Mutter Simon Bacon Franco Carli Marios E Daskalopoulos Stella S Daskalopoulou Altered arterial stiffness and subendocardial viability ratio in young healthy light smokers after acute exercise.
description	<h4>Background</h4>Studies showed that long-standing smokers have stiffer arteries at rest. However, the effect of smoking on the ability of the vascular system to respond to increased demands (physical stress) has not been studied. The purpose of this study was to estimate the effect of smoking on arterial stiffness and subendocardial viability ratio, at rest and after acute exercise in young healthy individuals.<h4>Methods/results</h4>Healthy light smokers (n = 24, pack-years = 2.9) and non-smokers (n = 53) underwent pulse wave analysis and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity measurements at rest, and 2, 5, 10, and 15 minutes following an exercise test to exhaustion. Smokers were tested, 1) after 12h abstinence from smoking (chronic condition) and 2) immediately after smoking one cigarette (acute condition). At rest, chronic smokers had higher augmentation index and lower aortic pulse pressure than non-smokers, while subendocardial viability ratio was not significantly different. Acute smoking increased resting augmentation index and decreased subendocardial viability ratio compared with non-smokers, and decreased subendocardial viability ratio compared with the chronic condition. After exercise, subendocardial viability ratio was lower, and augmentation index and aortic pulse pressure were higher in non-smokers than smokers in the chronic and acute conditions. cfPWV rate of recovery of was greater in non-smokers than chronic smokers after exercise. Non-smokers were also able to achieve higher workloads than smokers in both conditions.<h4>Conclusion</h4>Chronic and acute smoking appears to diminish the vascular response to physical stress. This can be seen as an impaired 'vascular reserve' or a blunted ability of the blood vessels to accommodate the changes required to achieve higher workloads. These changes were noted before changes in arterial stiffness or subendocardial viability ratio occurred at rest. Even light smoking in young healthy individuals appears to have harmful effects on vascular function, affecting the ability of the vascular bed to respond to increased demands.
format	article
author	Robert J Doonan Patrick Scheffler Alice Yu Giordano Egiziano Andrew Mutter Simon Bacon Franco Carli Marios E Daskalopoulos Stella S Daskalopoulou
author_facet	Robert J Doonan Patrick Scheffler Alice Yu Giordano Egiziano Andrew Mutter Simon Bacon Franco Carli Marios E Daskalopoulos Stella S Daskalopoulou
author_sort	Robert J Doonan
title	Altered arterial stiffness and subendocardial viability ratio in young healthy light smokers after acute exercise.
title_short	Altered arterial stiffness and subendocardial viability ratio in young healthy light smokers after acute exercise.
title_full	Altered arterial stiffness and subendocardial viability ratio in young healthy light smokers after acute exercise.
title_fullStr	Altered arterial stiffness and subendocardial viability ratio in young healthy light smokers after acute exercise.
title_full_unstemmed	Altered arterial stiffness and subendocardial viability ratio in young healthy light smokers after acute exercise.
title_sort	altered arterial stiffness and subendocardial viability ratio in young healthy light smokers after acute exercise.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2011
url	https://doaj.org/article/123ccc26cb4c4e159df62f3596337fd7
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Altered arterial stiffness and subendocardial viability ratio in young healthy light smokers after acute exercise.

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