The effects of direct current stimulation and random noise stimulation on attention networks

Abstract Attention is a complex cognitive process that selects specific stimuli for further processing. Previous research suggested the existence of three attentional networks: alerting, orienting and executive. However, one important topic is how to enhance the efficiency of attentional networks. I...

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Autores principales:	Alberto Lema, Sandra Carvalho, Felipe Fregni, Óscar F. Gonçalves, Jorge Leite
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/124236194ab84ecabf49e770e08685d3
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:124236194ab84ecabf49e770e08685d32021-12-02T17:05:45ZThe effects of direct current stimulation and random noise stimulation on attention networks10.1038/s41598-021-85749-72045-2322https://doaj.org/article/124236194ab84ecabf49e770e08685d32021-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-85749-7https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Attention is a complex cognitive process that selects specific stimuli for further processing. Previous research suggested the existence of three attentional networks: alerting, orienting and executive. However, one important topic is how to enhance the efficiency of attentional networks. In this context, understanding how this system behaves under two different modulatory conditions, namely transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) and transcranial Random Noise Stimulation (tRNS), will provide important insights towards the understanding of the attention network system. Twenty-seven healthy students took part on a randomized single-blinded crossover study, testing the effects that involved three modalities of unilateral stimulation (tRNS, anodal tDCS, and sham) over the DLPFC, during the performance of the attention network test (ANT) in three different conditions: standard, speed and accuracy. Results showed that tRNS was able to increase attention during more complex situations, namely by increasing alerting and decreasing conflict effect in the executive network. Under the Speed condition, tRNS increased efficiency of the alerting network, as well as under the more demanding conflict network, tRNS overall increased the performance when comparing to sham. No statistical significant effects of tDCS were observed. These results are compatible with the attention requiring the synchronization of pre-existing networks, rather the reinforcement or creation of new pathways.Alberto LemaSandra CarvalhoFelipe FregniÓscar F. GonçalvesJorge LeiteNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-15 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Alberto Lema Sandra Carvalho Felipe Fregni Óscar F. Gonçalves Jorge Leite The effects of direct current stimulation and random noise stimulation on attention networks
description	Abstract Attention is a complex cognitive process that selects specific stimuli for further processing. Previous research suggested the existence of three attentional networks: alerting, orienting and executive. However, one important topic is how to enhance the efficiency of attentional networks. In this context, understanding how this system behaves under two different modulatory conditions, namely transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) and transcranial Random Noise Stimulation (tRNS), will provide important insights towards the understanding of the attention network system. Twenty-seven healthy students took part on a randomized single-blinded crossover study, testing the effects that involved three modalities of unilateral stimulation (tRNS, anodal tDCS, and sham) over the DLPFC, during the performance of the attention network test (ANT) in three different conditions: standard, speed and accuracy. Results showed that tRNS was able to increase attention during more complex situations, namely by increasing alerting and decreasing conflict effect in the executive network. Under the Speed condition, tRNS increased efficiency of the alerting network, as well as under the more demanding conflict network, tRNS overall increased the performance when comparing to sham. No statistical significant effects of tDCS were observed. These results are compatible with the attention requiring the synchronization of pre-existing networks, rather the reinforcement or creation of new pathways.
format	article
author	Alberto Lema Sandra Carvalho Felipe Fregni Óscar F. Gonçalves Jorge Leite
author_facet	Alberto Lema Sandra Carvalho Felipe Fregni Óscar F. Gonçalves Jorge Leite
author_sort	Alberto Lema
title	The effects of direct current stimulation and random noise stimulation on attention networks
title_short	The effects of direct current stimulation and random noise stimulation on attention networks
title_full	The effects of direct current stimulation and random noise stimulation on attention networks
title_fullStr	The effects of direct current stimulation and random noise stimulation on attention networks
title_full_unstemmed	The effects of direct current stimulation and random noise stimulation on attention networks
title_sort	effects of direct current stimulation and random noise stimulation on attention networks
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/124236194ab84ecabf49e770e08685d3
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The effects of direct current stimulation and random noise stimulation on attention networks

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