$Dirac fermions duality in graphene: Ripples and fractional dimensions as function of temperature$
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Dirac fermions duality in graphene: Ripples and fractional dimensions as function of temperature

Abstract Graphene consists of coupled direct/dual fermionic sub-systems and, consequently, the thermal properties of both are intrinsically correlated. The dual is characterized by negative temperatures, and its free energy keeps opposite sign concerning the direct. The growth of ripples in graphene...

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Autores principales:	J. C. Flores, L. Palma-Chilla
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2018
Materias:	Dual Fermion Spatial Fractal Dimension Ripple Dimensions Vector Wave Expansion Generalized Entropy Concept Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/12484ad7cef843659e96144f5a363c74
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:12484ad7cef843659e96144f5a363c742021-12-02T15:08:54ZDirac fermions duality in graphene: Ripples and fractional dimensions as function of temperature10.1038/s41598-018-31944-y2045-2322https://doaj.org/article/12484ad7cef843659e96144f5a363c742018-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-31944-yhttps://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Graphene consists of coupled direct/dual fermionic sub-systems and, consequently, the thermal properties of both are intrinsically correlated. The dual is characterized by negative temperatures, and its free energy keeps opposite sign concerning the direct. The growth of ripples in graphene becomes related to temperature rises with fractional spatial dimension ~2.19 at 300 °K. An analytical, and suitable, expression for ripples dimension as a function of temperature is presented. Further, internal energy, entropy, specific heat and free energy are evaluated as a function of temperature and dimension for both sub-systems. Free energy supports a simple, functional expression inversely proportional to ripples dimension.J. C. FloresL. Palma-ChillaNature PortfolioarticleDual FermionSpatial Fractal DimensionRipple DimensionsVector Wave ExpansionGeneralized Entropy ConceptMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 8, Iss 1, Pp 1-5 (2018)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Dual Fermion Spatial Fractal Dimension Ripple Dimensions Vector Wave Expansion Generalized Entropy Concept Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Dual Fermion Spatial Fractal Dimension Ripple Dimensions Vector Wave Expansion Generalized Entropy Concept Medicine R Science Q J. C. Flores L. Palma-Chilla Dirac fermions duality in graphene: Ripples and fractional dimensions as function of temperature
description	Abstract Graphene consists of coupled direct/dual fermionic sub-systems and, consequently, the thermal properties of both are intrinsically correlated. The dual is characterized by negative temperatures, and its free energy keeps opposite sign concerning the direct. The growth of ripples in graphene becomes related to temperature rises with fractional spatial dimension ~2.19 at 300 °K. An analytical, and suitable, expression for ripples dimension as a function of temperature is presented. Further, internal energy, entropy, specific heat and free energy are evaluated as a function of temperature and dimension for both sub-systems. Free energy supports a simple, functional expression inversely proportional to ripples dimension.
format	article
author	J. C. Flores L. Palma-Chilla
author_facet	J. C. Flores L. Palma-Chilla
author_sort	J. C. Flores
title	Dirac fermions duality in graphene: Ripples and fractional dimensions as function of temperature
title_short	Dirac fermions duality in graphene: Ripples and fractional dimensions as function of temperature
title_full	Dirac fermions duality in graphene: Ripples and fractional dimensions as function of temperature
title_fullStr	Dirac fermions duality in graphene: Ripples and fractional dimensions as function of temperature
title_full_unstemmed	Dirac fermions duality in graphene: Ripples and fractional dimensions as function of temperature
title_sort	dirac fermions duality in graphene: ripples and fractional dimensions as function of temperature
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2018
url	https://doaj.org/article/12484ad7cef843659e96144f5a363c74
work_keys_str_mv	AT jcflores diracfermionsdualityingrapheneripplesandfractionaldimensionsasfunctionoftemperature AT lpalmachilla diracfermionsdualityingrapheneripplesandfractionaldimensionsasfunctionoftemperature
_version_	1718387984245456896

Dirac fermions duality in graphene: Ripples and fractional dimensions as function of temperature

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