Application of the 3R Concept in the Production of European Antiviperinum on Horses – Multisite, Low Volumes Immunization Protocol and Elisa

During time, both professionals and general public became aware of the importance of animal welfare. This term not only covers endangered wild animal species, animals used in food industry, pets and experimental animals, but also animals used in production of biologics. The implementation of the 3R...

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Autores principales: Milovanović Vladimir, Dimitrijević Ljiljana, Petrušić Vladimir, Kadrić Jasminka, Minić Rajna, Živković Irena
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Lenguaje:EN
Publicado: Sciendo 2018
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Acceso en línea:https://doaj.org/article/1272d8a9a5b3460cbc9b3626a5b35c1c
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spelling oai:doaj.org-article:1272d8a9a5b3460cbc9b3626a5b35c1c2021-11-17T21:27:53ZApplication of the 3R Concept in the Production of European Antiviperinum on Horses – Multisite, Low Volumes Immunization Protocol and Elisa1820-744810.2478/acve-2018-0033https://doaj.org/article/1272d8a9a5b3460cbc9b3626a5b35c1c2018-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.2478/acve-2018-0033https://doaj.org/toc/1820-7448During time, both professionals and general public became aware of the importance of animal welfare. This term not only covers endangered wild animal species, animals used in food industry, pets and experimental animals, but also animals used in production of biologics. The implementation of the 3R concept (Replacement, Reduction and Refinement) is especially important in this type of production. In this article, we describe for the first time the low dose, low volume and multi-site immunization protocol, as well as appropriate ELISA we developed for production of European anti-viper (V. ammodytes, long horned) antivenom in horses, which can help to significantly improve the welfare of the used animals.Milovanović VladimirDimitrijević LjiljanaPetrušić VladimirKadrić JasminkaMinić RajnaŽivković IrenaSciendoarticleadjuvantanimal welfareantivenom productioneuropean vipershorsesimmunization scheduleVeterinary medicineSF600-1100ENActa Veterinaria, Vol 68, Iss 4, Pp 401-419 (2018)
institution DOAJ
collection DOAJ
language EN
topic adjuvant
animal welfare
antivenom production
european vipers
horses
immunization schedule
Veterinary medicine
SF600-1100
spellingShingle adjuvant
animal welfare
antivenom production
european vipers
horses
immunization schedule
Veterinary medicine
SF600-1100
Milovanović Vladimir
Dimitrijević Ljiljana
Petrušić Vladimir
Kadrić Jasminka
Minić Rajna
Živković Irena
Application of the 3R Concept in the Production of European Antiviperinum on Horses – Multisite, Low Volumes Immunization Protocol and Elisa
description During time, both professionals and general public became aware of the importance of animal welfare. This term not only covers endangered wild animal species, animals used in food industry, pets and experimental animals, but also animals used in production of biologics. The implementation of the 3R concept (Replacement, Reduction and Refinement) is especially important in this type of production. In this article, we describe for the first time the low dose, low volume and multi-site immunization protocol, as well as appropriate ELISA we developed for production of European anti-viper (V. ammodytes, long horned) antivenom in horses, which can help to significantly improve the welfare of the used animals.
format article
author Milovanović Vladimir
Dimitrijević Ljiljana
Petrušić Vladimir
Kadrić Jasminka
Minić Rajna
Živković Irena
author_facet Milovanović Vladimir
Dimitrijević Ljiljana
Petrušić Vladimir
Kadrić Jasminka
Minić Rajna
Živković Irena
author_sort Milovanović Vladimir
title Application of the 3R Concept in the Production of European Antiviperinum on Horses – Multisite, Low Volumes Immunization Protocol and Elisa
title_short Application of the 3R Concept in the Production of European Antiviperinum on Horses – Multisite, Low Volumes Immunization Protocol and Elisa
title_full Application of the 3R Concept in the Production of European Antiviperinum on Horses – Multisite, Low Volumes Immunization Protocol and Elisa
title_fullStr Application of the 3R Concept in the Production of European Antiviperinum on Horses – Multisite, Low Volumes Immunization Protocol and Elisa
title_full_unstemmed Application of the 3R Concept in the Production of European Antiviperinum on Horses – Multisite, Low Volumes Immunization Protocol and Elisa
title_sort application of the 3r concept in the production of european antiviperinum on horses – multisite, low volumes immunization protocol and elisa
publisher Sciendo
publishDate 2018
url https://doaj.org/article/1272d8a9a5b3460cbc9b3626a5b35c1c
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AT dimitrijevicljiljana applicationofthe3rconceptintheproductionofeuropeanantiviperinumonhorsesmultisitelowvolumesimmunizationprotocolandelisa
AT petrusicvladimir applicationofthe3rconceptintheproductionofeuropeanantiviperinumonhorsesmultisitelowvolumesimmunizationprotocolandelisa
AT kadricjasminka applicationofthe3rconceptintheproductionofeuropeanantiviperinumonhorsesmultisitelowvolumesimmunizationprotocolandelisa
AT minicrajna applicationofthe3rconceptintheproductionofeuropeanantiviperinumonhorsesmultisitelowvolumesimmunizationprotocolandelisa
AT zivkovicirena applicationofthe3rconceptintheproductionofeuropeanantiviperinumonhorsesmultisitelowvolumesimmunizationprotocolandelisa
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