Effectiveness of Wolbachia-infected mosquito deployments in reducing the incidence of dengue and other Aedes-borne diseases in Niterói, Brazil: A quasi-experimental study.

<h4>Background</h4>The introduction of the bacterium Wolbachia (wMel strain) into Aedes aegypti mosquitoes reduces their capacity to transmit dengue and other arboviruses. Evidence of a reduction in dengue case incidence following field releases of wMel-infected Ae. aegypti has been repo...

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Autores principales:	Sofia B Pinto, Thais I S Riback, Gabriel Sylvestre, Guilherme Costa, Julia Peixoto, Fernando B S Dias, Stephanie K Tanamas, Cameron P Simmons, Suzanne M Dufault, Peter A Ryan, Scott L O'Neill, Frederico C Muzzi, Simon Kutcher, Jacqui Montgomery, Benjamin R Green, Ruth Smithyman, Ana Eppinghaus, Valeria Saraceni, Betina Durovni, Katherine L Anders, Luciano A Moreira
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/1273d8e99d2d4dd1a59c1be566d40f52
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:1273d8e99d2d4dd1a59c1be566d40f522021-12-02T20:23:46ZEffectiveness of Wolbachia-infected mosquito deployments in reducing the incidence of dengue and other Aedes-borne diseases in Niterói, Brazil: A quasi-experimental study.1935-27271935-273510.1371/journal.pntd.0009556https://doaj.org/article/1273d8e99d2d4dd1a59c1be566d40f522021-07-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009556https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735<h4>Background</h4>The introduction of the bacterium Wolbachia (wMel strain) into Aedes aegypti mosquitoes reduces their capacity to transmit dengue and other arboviruses. Evidence of a reduction in dengue case incidence following field releases of wMel-infected Ae. aegypti has been reported previously from a cluster randomised controlled trial in Indonesia, and quasi-experimental studies in Indonesia and northern Australia.<h4>Methodology/principal findings</h4>Following pilot releases in 2015-2016 and a period of intensive community engagement, deployments of adult wMel-infected Ae. aegypti mosquitoes were conducted in Niterói, Brazil during 2017-2019. Deployments were phased across four release zones, with a total area of 83 km2 and a residential population of approximately 373,000. A quasi-experimental design was used to evaluate the effectiveness of wMel deployments in reducing dengue, chikungunya and Zika incidence. An untreated control zone was pre-defined, which was comparable to the intervention area in historical dengue trends. The wMel intervention effect was estimated by controlled interrupted time series analysis of monthly dengue, chikungunya and Zika case notifications to the public health surveillance system before, during and after releases, from release zones and the control zone. Three years after commencement of releases, wMel introgression into local Ae. aegypti populations was heterogeneous throughout Niterói, reaching a high prevalence (>80%) in the earliest release zone, and more moderate levels (prevalence 40-70%) elsewhere. Despite this spatial heterogeneity in entomological outcomes, the wMel intervention was associated with a 69% reduction in dengue incidence (95% confidence interval 54%, 79%), a 56% reduction in chikungunya incidence (95%CI 16%, 77%) and a 37% reduction in Zika incidence (95%CI 1%, 60%), in the aggregate release area compared with the pre-defined control area. This significant intervention effect on dengue was replicated across all four release zones, and in three of four zones for chikungunya, though not in individual release zones for Zika.<h4>Conclusions/significance</h4>We demonstrate that wMel Wolbachia can be successfully introgressed into Ae. aegypti populations in a large and complex urban setting, and that a significant public health benefit from reduced incidence of Aedes-borne disease accrues even where the prevalence of wMel in local mosquito populations is moderate and spatially heterogeneous. These findings are consistent with the results of randomised and non-randomised field trials in Indonesia and northern Australia, and are supportive of the Wolbachia biocontrol method as a multivalent intervention against dengue, chikungunya and Zika.Sofia B PintoThais I S RibackGabriel SylvestreGuilherme CostaJulia PeixotoFernando B S DiasStephanie K TanamasCameron P SimmonsSuzanne M DufaultPeter A RyanScott L O'NeillFrederico C MuzziSimon KutcherJacqui MontgomeryBenjamin R GreenRuth SmithymanAna EppinghausValeria SaraceniBetina DurovniKatherine L AndersLuciano A MoreiraPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleArctic medicine. Tropical medicineRC955-962Public aspects of medicineRA1-1270ENPLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 15, Iss 7, p e0009556 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270
spellingShingle	Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Sofia B Pinto Thais I S Riback Gabriel Sylvestre Guilherme Costa Julia Peixoto Fernando B S Dias Stephanie K Tanamas Cameron P Simmons Suzanne M Dufault Peter A Ryan Scott L O'Neill Frederico C Muzzi Simon Kutcher Jacqui Montgomery Benjamin R Green Ruth Smithyman Ana Eppinghaus Valeria Saraceni Betina Durovni Katherine L Anders Luciano A Moreira Effectiveness of Wolbachia-infected mosquito deployments in reducing the incidence of dengue and other Aedes-borne diseases in Niterói, Brazil: A quasi-experimental study.
description	<h4>Background</h4>The introduction of the bacterium Wolbachia (wMel strain) into Aedes aegypti mosquitoes reduces their capacity to transmit dengue and other arboviruses. Evidence of a reduction in dengue case incidence following field releases of wMel-infected Ae. aegypti has been reported previously from a cluster randomised controlled trial in Indonesia, and quasi-experimental studies in Indonesia and northern Australia.<h4>Methodology/principal findings</h4>Following pilot releases in 2015-2016 and a period of intensive community engagement, deployments of adult wMel-infected Ae. aegypti mosquitoes were conducted in Niterói, Brazil during 2017-2019. Deployments were phased across four release zones, with a total area of 83 km2 and a residential population of approximately 373,000. A quasi-experimental design was used to evaluate the effectiveness of wMel deployments in reducing dengue, chikungunya and Zika incidence. An untreated control zone was pre-defined, which was comparable to the intervention area in historical dengue trends. The wMel intervention effect was estimated by controlled interrupted time series analysis of monthly dengue, chikungunya and Zika case notifications to the public health surveillance system before, during and after releases, from release zones and the control zone. Three years after commencement of releases, wMel introgression into local Ae. aegypti populations was heterogeneous throughout Niterói, reaching a high prevalence (>80%) in the earliest release zone, and more moderate levels (prevalence 40-70%) elsewhere. Despite this spatial heterogeneity in entomological outcomes, the wMel intervention was associated with a 69% reduction in dengue incidence (95% confidence interval 54%, 79%), a 56% reduction in chikungunya incidence (95%CI 16%, 77%) and a 37% reduction in Zika incidence (95%CI 1%, 60%), in the aggregate release area compared with the pre-defined control area. This significant intervention effect on dengue was replicated across all four release zones, and in three of four zones for chikungunya, though not in individual release zones for Zika.<h4>Conclusions/significance</h4>We demonstrate that wMel Wolbachia can be successfully introgressed into Ae. aegypti populations in a large and complex urban setting, and that a significant public health benefit from reduced incidence of Aedes-borne disease accrues even where the prevalence of wMel in local mosquito populations is moderate and spatially heterogeneous. These findings are consistent with the results of randomised and non-randomised field trials in Indonesia and northern Australia, and are supportive of the Wolbachia biocontrol method as a multivalent intervention against dengue, chikungunya and Zika.
format	article
author	Sofia B Pinto Thais I S Riback Gabriel Sylvestre Guilherme Costa Julia Peixoto Fernando B S Dias Stephanie K Tanamas Cameron P Simmons Suzanne M Dufault Peter A Ryan Scott L O'Neill Frederico C Muzzi Simon Kutcher Jacqui Montgomery Benjamin R Green Ruth Smithyman Ana Eppinghaus Valeria Saraceni Betina Durovni Katherine L Anders Luciano A Moreira
author_facet	Sofia B Pinto Thais I S Riback Gabriel Sylvestre Guilherme Costa Julia Peixoto Fernando B S Dias Stephanie K Tanamas Cameron P Simmons Suzanne M Dufault Peter A Ryan Scott L O'Neill Frederico C Muzzi Simon Kutcher Jacqui Montgomery Benjamin R Green Ruth Smithyman Ana Eppinghaus Valeria Saraceni Betina Durovni Katherine L Anders Luciano A Moreira
author_sort	Sofia B Pinto
title	Effectiveness of Wolbachia-infected mosquito deployments in reducing the incidence of dengue and other Aedes-borne diseases in Niterói, Brazil: A quasi-experimental study.
title_short	Effectiveness of Wolbachia-infected mosquito deployments in reducing the incidence of dengue and other Aedes-borne diseases in Niterói, Brazil: A quasi-experimental study.
title_full	Effectiveness of Wolbachia-infected mosquito deployments in reducing the incidence of dengue and other Aedes-borne diseases in Niterói, Brazil: A quasi-experimental study.
title_fullStr	Effectiveness of Wolbachia-infected mosquito deployments in reducing the incidence of dengue and other Aedes-borne diseases in Niterói, Brazil: A quasi-experimental study.
title_full_unstemmed	Effectiveness of Wolbachia-infected mosquito deployments in reducing the incidence of dengue and other Aedes-borne diseases in Niterói, Brazil: A quasi-experimental study.
title_sort	effectiveness of wolbachia-infected mosquito deployments in reducing the incidence of dengue and other aedes-borne diseases in niterói, brazil: a quasi-experimental study.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/1273d8e99d2d4dd1a59c1be566d40f52
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Effectiveness of Wolbachia-infected mosquito deployments in reducing the incidence of dengue and other Aedes-borne diseases in Niterói, Brazil: A quasi-experimental study.

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