Human ancestry correlates with language and reveals that race is not an objective genomic classifier

Abstract Genetic and archaeological studies have established a sub-Saharan African origin for anatomically modern humans with subsequent migrations out of Africa. Using the largest multi-locus data set known to date, we investigated genetic differentiation of early modern humans, human admixture and...

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Autores principales:	Jennifer L. Baker, Charles N. Rotimi, Daniel Shriner
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2017
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/12977402d402444db0f50d542c1c9021
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:12977402d402444db0f50d542c1c90212021-12-02T11:40:14ZHuman ancestry correlates with language and reveals that race is not an objective genomic classifier10.1038/s41598-017-01837-72045-2322https://doaj.org/article/12977402d402444db0f50d542c1c90212017-05-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-01837-7https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Genetic and archaeological studies have established a sub-Saharan African origin for anatomically modern humans with subsequent migrations out of Africa. Using the largest multi-locus data set known to date, we investigated genetic differentiation of early modern humans, human admixture and migration events, and relationships among ancestries and language groups. We compiled publicly available genome-wide genotype data on 5,966 individuals from 282 global samples, representing 30 primary language families. The best evidence supports 21 ancestries that delineate genetic structure of present-day human populations. Independent of self-identified ethno-linguistic labels, the vast majority (97.3%) of individuals have mixed ancestry, with evidence of multiple ancestries in 96.8% of samples and on all continents. The data indicate that continents, ethno-linguistic groups, races, ethnicities, and individuals all show substantial ancestral heterogeneity. We estimated correlation coefficients ranging from 0.522 to 0.962 between ancestries and language families or branches. Ancestry data support the grouping of Kwadi-Khoe, Kx’a, and Tuu languages, support the exclusion of Omotic languages from the Afroasiatic language family, and do not support the proposed Dené-Yeniseian language family as a genetically valid grouping. Ancestry data yield insight into a deeper past than linguistic data can, while linguistic data provide clarity to ancestry data.Jennifer L. BakerCharles N. RotimiDaniel ShrinerNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 7, Iss 1, Pp 1-10 (2017)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Jennifer L. Baker Charles N. Rotimi Daniel Shriner Human ancestry correlates with language and reveals that race is not an objective genomic classifier
description	Abstract Genetic and archaeological studies have established a sub-Saharan African origin for anatomically modern humans with subsequent migrations out of Africa. Using the largest multi-locus data set known to date, we investigated genetic differentiation of early modern humans, human admixture and migration events, and relationships among ancestries and language groups. We compiled publicly available genome-wide genotype data on 5,966 individuals from 282 global samples, representing 30 primary language families. The best evidence supports 21 ancestries that delineate genetic structure of present-day human populations. Independent of self-identified ethno-linguistic labels, the vast majority (97.3%) of individuals have mixed ancestry, with evidence of multiple ancestries in 96.8% of samples and on all continents. The data indicate that continents, ethno-linguistic groups, races, ethnicities, and individuals all show substantial ancestral heterogeneity. We estimated correlation coefficients ranging from 0.522 to 0.962 between ancestries and language families or branches. Ancestry data support the grouping of Kwadi-Khoe, Kx’a, and Tuu languages, support the exclusion of Omotic languages from the Afroasiatic language family, and do not support the proposed Dené-Yeniseian language family as a genetically valid grouping. Ancestry data yield insight into a deeper past than linguistic data can, while linguistic data provide clarity to ancestry data.
format	article
author	Jennifer L. Baker Charles N. Rotimi Daniel Shriner
author_facet	Jennifer L. Baker Charles N. Rotimi Daniel Shriner
author_sort	Jennifer L. Baker
title	Human ancestry correlates with language and reveals that race is not an objective genomic classifier
title_short	Human ancestry correlates with language and reveals that race is not an objective genomic classifier
title_full	Human ancestry correlates with language and reveals that race is not an objective genomic classifier
title_fullStr	Human ancestry correlates with language and reveals that race is not an objective genomic classifier
title_full_unstemmed	Human ancestry correlates with language and reveals that race is not an objective genomic classifier
title_sort	human ancestry correlates with language and reveals that race is not an objective genomic classifier
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2017
url	https://doaj.org/article/12977402d402444db0f50d542c1c9021
work_keys_str_mv	AT jenniferlbaker humanancestrycorrelateswithlanguageandrevealsthatraceisnotanobjectivegenomicclassifier AT charlesnrotimi humanancestrycorrelateswithlanguageandrevealsthatraceisnotanobjectivegenomicclassifier AT danielshriner humanancestrycorrelateswithlanguageandrevealsthatraceisnotanobjectivegenomicclassifier
_version_	1718395686117965824

Human ancestry correlates with language and reveals that race is not an objective genomic classifier

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