An Assessment of the On-Road Mobile Sources Contribution to Particulate Matter Air Pollution by AERMOD Dispersion Model
On-road mobile sources of emissions make important contributions to particulate matter pollution (PM<sub>2.5</sub>–PM<sub>10</sub>) in cities. The quantification of such pollution is, however, highly challenging due to the number of interacting factors that affect emissions s...
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MDPI AG
2021
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oai:doaj.org-article:1299e58159914d14a06fc4b824450d392021-11-25T19:04:03ZAn Assessment of the On-Road Mobile Sources Contribution to Particulate Matter Air Pollution by AERMOD Dispersion Model10.3390/su1322127482071-1050https://doaj.org/article/1299e58159914d14a06fc4b824450d392021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/13/22/12748https://doaj.org/toc/2071-1050On-road mobile sources of emissions make important contributions to particulate matter pollution (PM<sub>2.5</sub>–PM<sub>10</sub>) in cities. The quantification of such pollution is, however, highly challenging due to the number of interacting factors that affect emissions such as vehicle category, emission standard, vehicle speed and weather conditions. The proper identification of individual sources of emission is particularly necessary for air quality management areas. In this study, we estimated exhaust and non-exhaust traffic-related PM<sub>2.5</sub> and PM<sub>10</sub> contributions to total ambient pollution in Banská Bystrica (Slovak republic) by simulation based on the AERMOD dispersion model. Emission rates of particular vehicle categories were obtained through vehicle population statistics, traffic data survey and emission factors from the EMEP/EEA air pollutant emission inventory guidebook. Continuous PM<sub>10</sub> and PM<sub>2.5</sub> data from air quality monitoring stations were analysed for the years 2019–2020 and compared with modelled concentrations. The annual concentration values of PM<sub>2.5</sub> and PM<sub>10</sub> in the study area reached 16.71 μg/m<sup>3</sup> and 15.57 μg/m<sup>3</sup>, respectively. We found that modelled PM<sub>2.5</sub> peak concentration values exceeded the WHO air quality guideline annual mean limit. Traffic-related PM<sub>2.5</sub> and PM<sub>10</sub> contributions to ambient pollution at the reference point located nearby to a busy traffic route were approximately 25% and 17%, respectively. The reference point located outside the main transport corridors showed an approximately 11% contribution, both for PM<sub>2.5</sub> and PM<sub>10</sub> concentrations. The simulations showed that PM pollution is greatly contributed to by on-road mobile sources of emissions in the study area, and especially non-exhaust emissions, which require serious attention in association with their health impacts and the selection of Banská Bystrica as an air quality management area.Jozef SalvaMiroslav VanekMarián SchwarzMilada GajtanskaPeter TonhauzerAnna ĎuricováMDPI AGarticleAERMODair pollutiondispersion modellingemissionsparticulate mattertrafficEnvironmental effects of industries and plantsTD194-195Renewable energy sourcesTJ807-830Environmental sciencesGE1-350ENSustainability, Vol 13, Iss 12748, p 12748 (2021) |
| institution |
DOAJ |
| collection |
DOAJ |
| language |
EN |
| topic |
AERMOD air pollution dispersion modelling emissions particulate matter traffic Environmental effects of industries and plants TD194-195 Renewable energy sources TJ807-830 Environmental sciences GE1-350 |
| spellingShingle |
AERMOD air pollution dispersion modelling emissions particulate matter traffic Environmental effects of industries and plants TD194-195 Renewable energy sources TJ807-830 Environmental sciences GE1-350 Jozef Salva Miroslav Vanek Marián Schwarz Milada Gajtanska Peter Tonhauzer Anna Ďuricová An Assessment of the On-Road Mobile Sources Contribution to Particulate Matter Air Pollution by AERMOD Dispersion Model |
| description |
On-road mobile sources of emissions make important contributions to particulate matter pollution (PM<sub>2.5</sub>–PM<sub>10</sub>) in cities. The quantification of such pollution is, however, highly challenging due to the number of interacting factors that affect emissions such as vehicle category, emission standard, vehicle speed and weather conditions. The proper identification of individual sources of emission is particularly necessary for air quality management areas. In this study, we estimated exhaust and non-exhaust traffic-related PM<sub>2.5</sub> and PM<sub>10</sub> contributions to total ambient pollution in Banská Bystrica (Slovak republic) by simulation based on the AERMOD dispersion model. Emission rates of particular vehicle categories were obtained through vehicle population statistics, traffic data survey and emission factors from the EMEP/EEA air pollutant emission inventory guidebook. Continuous PM<sub>10</sub> and PM<sub>2.5</sub> data from air quality monitoring stations were analysed for the years 2019–2020 and compared with modelled concentrations. The annual concentration values of PM<sub>2.5</sub> and PM<sub>10</sub> in the study area reached 16.71 μg/m<sup>3</sup> and 15.57 μg/m<sup>3</sup>, respectively. We found that modelled PM<sub>2.5</sub> peak concentration values exceeded the WHO air quality guideline annual mean limit. Traffic-related PM<sub>2.5</sub> and PM<sub>10</sub> contributions to ambient pollution at the reference point located nearby to a busy traffic route were approximately 25% and 17%, respectively. The reference point located outside the main transport corridors showed an approximately 11% contribution, both for PM<sub>2.5</sub> and PM<sub>10</sub> concentrations. The simulations showed that PM pollution is greatly contributed to by on-road mobile sources of emissions in the study area, and especially non-exhaust emissions, which require serious attention in association with their health impacts and the selection of Banská Bystrica as an air quality management area. |
| format |
article |
| author |
Jozef Salva Miroslav Vanek Marián Schwarz Milada Gajtanska Peter Tonhauzer Anna Ďuricová |
| author_facet |
Jozef Salva Miroslav Vanek Marián Schwarz Milada Gajtanska Peter Tonhauzer Anna Ďuricová |
| author_sort |
Jozef Salva |
| title |
An Assessment of the On-Road Mobile Sources Contribution to Particulate Matter Air Pollution by AERMOD Dispersion Model |
| title_short |
An Assessment of the On-Road Mobile Sources Contribution to Particulate Matter Air Pollution by AERMOD Dispersion Model |
| title_full |
An Assessment of the On-Road Mobile Sources Contribution to Particulate Matter Air Pollution by AERMOD Dispersion Model |
| title_fullStr |
An Assessment of the On-Road Mobile Sources Contribution to Particulate Matter Air Pollution by AERMOD Dispersion Model |
| title_full_unstemmed |
An Assessment of the On-Road Mobile Sources Contribution to Particulate Matter Air Pollution by AERMOD Dispersion Model |
| title_sort |
assessment of the on-road mobile sources contribution to particulate matter air pollution by aermod dispersion model |
| publisher |
MDPI AG |
| publishDate |
2021 |
| url |
https://doaj.org/article/1299e58159914d14a06fc4b824450d39 |
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