Smart TPE Materials Based on Recycled Rubber Shred

Thermo-responsive shape memory materials were developed based on recycled ethylene-propylene-diene (EPDM) rubber shred and thermoplastic elastomers (TPE). Ethylene-1-octene TPEs (Engage 8180, 8411, 8452) with varying degrees of crystallinity and Mooney viscosity were used to prepare the composite ma...

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Autores principales:	Klaudia Toczek, Magdalena Lipińska, Joanna Pietrasik
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	shape memory materials material recycling ethylene-1-octene thermoplastic elastomers rubber shreds polymer blends Technology T Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering TK1-9971 Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Microscopy QH201-278.5 Descriptive and experimental mechanics QC120-168.85
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/12e2e092efec4c419db2e6dea652b9e0
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:12e2e092efec4c419db2e6dea652b9e02021-11-11T17:49:40ZSmart TPE Materials Based on Recycled Rubber Shred10.3390/ma142162371996-1944https://doaj.org/article/12e2e092efec4c419db2e6dea652b9e02021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/21/6237https://doaj.org/toc/1996-1944Thermo-responsive shape memory materials were developed based on recycled ethylene-propylene-diene (EPDM) rubber shred and thermoplastic elastomers (TPE). Ethylene-1-octene TPEs (Engage 8180, 8411, 8452) with varying degrees of crystallinity and Mooney viscosity were used to prepare the composite materials. To avoid the deterioration of static mechanical properties after mixing recycled EPDM rubber shred (RS) with thermoplastic elastomers, they were partially cured using dicumyl peroxide. The peroxide curing was the most effective for a rubber shred/Engage 8180 blend, where the highest cure rate index (CRI), 1.88 dNm⋅min<sup>−1</sup>, was observed. The curing caused an approximately 4-fold increase of tensile strength (TS) values for EPDM rubber shred/thermoplastic elastomer blend to the level acceptable for the rubber industry compared with an uncured blend. The incorporation of EPDM rubber shred changed thermoplastic elastomers’ viscoelastic behavior, increasing the values of storage (G′) and loss (G″) modulus. The lowest viscosity of molten Engage 8411 during mixing led to higher compatibility of rubber shred RS/8411 blend, as confirmed by analysis of Cole-Cole plots and the blend morphology. All rubber shred RS/TPE blends showed the shape memory behavior. For the RS/Engage 8452 blend, the highest shape fixity (F) value (94%) was observed, while the shape recovery (RR) was 87%. Studies confirmed that the intelligent materials with shape memory effect could be obtained via selectively chosen thermoplastic elastomers; ethylene-1-octene as a binder for recycled EPDM. Prepared recycled TPE/rubber shred blends can be successfully reused due to their viscoelastic and mechanical properties. Therefore, such a concept can be potentially interesting for the rubber industry.Klaudia ToczekMagdalena LipińskaJoanna PietrasikMDPI AGarticleshape memory materialsmaterial recyclingethylene-1-octene thermoplastic elastomersrubber shredspolymer blendsTechnologyTElectrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineeringTK1-9971Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)TA1-2040MicroscopyQH201-278.5Descriptive and experimental mechanicsQC120-168.85ENMaterials, Vol 14, Iss 6237, p 6237 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	shape memory materials material recycling ethylene-1-octene thermoplastic elastomers rubber shreds polymer blends Technology T Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering TK1-9971 Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Microscopy QH201-278.5 Descriptive and experimental mechanics QC120-168.85
spellingShingle	shape memory materials material recycling ethylene-1-octene thermoplastic elastomers rubber shreds polymer blends Technology T Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering TK1-9971 Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Microscopy QH201-278.5 Descriptive and experimental mechanics QC120-168.85 Klaudia Toczek Magdalena Lipińska Joanna Pietrasik Smart TPE Materials Based on Recycled Rubber Shred
description	Thermo-responsive shape memory materials were developed based on recycled ethylene-propylene-diene (EPDM) rubber shred and thermoplastic elastomers (TPE). Ethylene-1-octene TPEs (Engage 8180, 8411, 8452) with varying degrees of crystallinity and Mooney viscosity were used to prepare the composite materials. To avoid the deterioration of static mechanical properties after mixing recycled EPDM rubber shred (RS) with thermoplastic elastomers, they were partially cured using dicumyl peroxide. The peroxide curing was the most effective for a rubber shred/Engage 8180 blend, where the highest cure rate index (CRI), 1.88 dNm⋅min<sup>−1</sup>, was observed. The curing caused an approximately 4-fold increase of tensile strength (TS) values for EPDM rubber shred/thermoplastic elastomer blend to the level acceptable for the rubber industry compared with an uncured blend. The incorporation of EPDM rubber shred changed thermoplastic elastomers’ viscoelastic behavior, increasing the values of storage (G′) and loss (G″) modulus. The lowest viscosity of molten Engage 8411 during mixing led to higher compatibility of rubber shred RS/8411 blend, as confirmed by analysis of Cole-Cole plots and the blend morphology. All rubber shred RS/TPE blends showed the shape memory behavior. For the RS/Engage 8452 blend, the highest shape fixity (F) value (94%) was observed, while the shape recovery (RR) was 87%. Studies confirmed that the intelligent materials with shape memory effect could be obtained via selectively chosen thermoplastic elastomers; ethylene-1-octene as a binder for recycled EPDM. Prepared recycled TPE/rubber shred blends can be successfully reused due to their viscoelastic and mechanical properties. Therefore, such a concept can be potentially interesting for the rubber industry.
format	article
author	Klaudia Toczek Magdalena Lipińska Joanna Pietrasik
author_facet	Klaudia Toczek Magdalena Lipińska Joanna Pietrasik
author_sort	Klaudia Toczek
title	Smart TPE Materials Based on Recycled Rubber Shred
title_short	Smart TPE Materials Based on Recycled Rubber Shred
title_full	Smart TPE Materials Based on Recycled Rubber Shred
title_fullStr	Smart TPE Materials Based on Recycled Rubber Shred
title_full_unstemmed	Smart TPE Materials Based on Recycled Rubber Shred
title_sort	smart tpe materials based on recycled rubber shred
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/12e2e092efec4c419db2e6dea652b9e0
work_keys_str_mv	AT klaudiatoczek smarttpematerialsbasedonrecycledrubbershred AT magdalenalipinska smarttpematerialsbasedonrecycledrubbershred AT joannapietrasik smarttpematerialsbasedonrecycledrubbershred
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Smart TPE Materials Based on Recycled Rubber Shred

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