Thermal reaction norms of key metabolic enzymes reflect divergent physiological and behavioral adaptations of closely related amphipod species

Abstract Lake Baikal is inhabited by more than 300 endemic amphipod species, which are narrowly adapted to certain thermal niches due to the high interspecific competition. In contrast, the surrounding freshwater fauna is commonly represented by species with large-scale distribution and high phenoty...

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Autores principales:	Lena Jakob, Kseniya P. Vereshchagina, Anette Tillmann, Lorena Rivarola-Duarte, Denis V. Axenov-Gribanov, Daria S. Bedulina, Anton N. Gurkov, Polina Drozdova, Maxim A. Timofeyev, Peter F. Stadler, Till Luckenbach, Hans-Otto Pörtner, Franz J. Sartoris, Magnus Lucassen
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/134259c494d24613a175d247fe6218d0
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:134259c494d24613a175d247fe6218d02021-12-02T15:53:42ZThermal reaction norms of key metabolic enzymes reflect divergent physiological and behavioral adaptations of closely related amphipod species10.1038/s41598-021-83748-22045-2322https://doaj.org/article/134259c494d24613a175d247fe6218d02021-02-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-83748-2https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Lake Baikal is inhabited by more than 300 endemic amphipod species, which are narrowly adapted to certain thermal niches due to the high interspecific competition. In contrast, the surrounding freshwater fauna is commonly represented by species with large-scale distribution and high phenotypic thermal plasticity. Here, we investigated the thermal plasticity of the energy metabolism in two closely-related endemic amphipod species from Lake Baikal (Eulimnogammarus verrucosus; stenothermal and Eulimnogammarus cyaneus; eurythermal) and the ubiquitous Holarctic amphipod Gammarus lacustris (eurythermal) by exposure to a summer warming scenario (6–23.6 °C; 0.8 °C d−1). In concert with routine metabolic rates, activities of key metabolic enzymes increased strongly with temperature up to 15 °C in E. verrucosus, whereupon they leveled off (except for lactate dehydrogenase). In contrast, exponential increases were seen in E. cyaneus and G. lacustris throughout the thermal trial (Q10-values: 1.6–3.7). Cytochrome-c-oxidase, lactate dehydrogenase, and 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase activities were found to be higher in G. lacustris than in E. cyaneus, especially at the highest experimental temperature (23.6 °C). Decreasing gene expression levels revealed some thermal compensation in E. cyaneus but not in G. lacustris. In all species, shifts in enzyme activities favored glycolytic energy generation in the warmth. The congruent temperature-dependencies of enzyme activities and routine metabolism in E. verrucosus indicate a strong feedback-regulation of enzymatic activities by whole organism responses. The species-specific thermal reaction norms reflect the different ecological niches, including the spatial distribution, distinct thermal behavior such as temperature-dependent migration, movement activity, and mating season.Lena JakobKseniya P. VereshchaginaAnette TillmannLorena Rivarola-DuarteDenis V. Axenov-GribanovDaria S. BedulinaAnton N. GurkovPolina DrozdovaMaxim A. TimofeyevPeter F. StadlerTill LuckenbachHans-Otto PörtnerFranz J. SartorisMagnus LucassenNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-15 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Lena Jakob Kseniya P. Vereshchagina Anette Tillmann Lorena Rivarola-Duarte Denis V. Axenov-Gribanov Daria S. Bedulina Anton N. Gurkov Polina Drozdova Maxim A. Timofeyev Peter F. Stadler Till Luckenbach Hans-Otto Pörtner Franz J. Sartoris Magnus Lucassen Thermal reaction norms of key metabolic enzymes reflect divergent physiological and behavioral adaptations of closely related amphipod species
description	Abstract Lake Baikal is inhabited by more than 300 endemic amphipod species, which are narrowly adapted to certain thermal niches due to the high interspecific competition. In contrast, the surrounding freshwater fauna is commonly represented by species with large-scale distribution and high phenotypic thermal plasticity. Here, we investigated the thermal plasticity of the energy metabolism in two closely-related endemic amphipod species from Lake Baikal (Eulimnogammarus verrucosus; stenothermal and Eulimnogammarus cyaneus; eurythermal) and the ubiquitous Holarctic amphipod Gammarus lacustris (eurythermal) by exposure to a summer warming scenario (6–23.6 °C; 0.8 °C d−1). In concert with routine metabolic rates, activities of key metabolic enzymes increased strongly with temperature up to 15 °C in E. verrucosus, whereupon they leveled off (except for lactate dehydrogenase). In contrast, exponential increases were seen in E. cyaneus and G. lacustris throughout the thermal trial (Q10-values: 1.6–3.7). Cytochrome-c-oxidase, lactate dehydrogenase, and 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase activities were found to be higher in G. lacustris than in E. cyaneus, especially at the highest experimental temperature (23.6 °C). Decreasing gene expression levels revealed some thermal compensation in E. cyaneus but not in G. lacustris. In all species, shifts in enzyme activities favored glycolytic energy generation in the warmth. The congruent temperature-dependencies of enzyme activities and routine metabolism in E. verrucosus indicate a strong feedback-regulation of enzymatic activities by whole organism responses. The species-specific thermal reaction norms reflect the different ecological niches, including the spatial distribution, distinct thermal behavior such as temperature-dependent migration, movement activity, and mating season.
format	article
author	Lena Jakob Kseniya P. Vereshchagina Anette Tillmann Lorena Rivarola-Duarte Denis V. Axenov-Gribanov Daria S. Bedulina Anton N. Gurkov Polina Drozdova Maxim A. Timofeyev Peter F. Stadler Till Luckenbach Hans-Otto Pörtner Franz J. Sartoris Magnus Lucassen
author_facet	Lena Jakob Kseniya P. Vereshchagina Anette Tillmann Lorena Rivarola-Duarte Denis V. Axenov-Gribanov Daria S. Bedulina Anton N. Gurkov Polina Drozdova Maxim A. Timofeyev Peter F. Stadler Till Luckenbach Hans-Otto Pörtner Franz J. Sartoris Magnus Lucassen
author_sort	Lena Jakob
title	Thermal reaction norms of key metabolic enzymes reflect divergent physiological and behavioral adaptations of closely related amphipod species
title_short	Thermal reaction norms of key metabolic enzymes reflect divergent physiological and behavioral adaptations of closely related amphipod species
title_full	Thermal reaction norms of key metabolic enzymes reflect divergent physiological and behavioral adaptations of closely related amphipod species
title_fullStr	Thermal reaction norms of key metabolic enzymes reflect divergent physiological and behavioral adaptations of closely related amphipod species
title_full_unstemmed	Thermal reaction norms of key metabolic enzymes reflect divergent physiological and behavioral adaptations of closely related amphipod species
title_sort	thermal reaction norms of key metabolic enzymes reflect divergent physiological and behavioral adaptations of closely related amphipod species
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/134259c494d24613a175d247fe6218d0
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Thermal reaction norms of key metabolic enzymes reflect divergent physiological and behavioral adaptations of closely related amphipod species

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