Construction of an Infectious Clone of the Badnavirus Cacao Swollen Shoot Ghana M Virus and Infectivity by Gene Gun- and Agrobacterium-Mediated Inoculation

Cacao swollen shoot disease (CSSD) is a damaging disease of Theobroma cacao L. associated with infection by a group of poorly characterized badnaviral species. To establish causality and characterize the symptomatology associated with infection by the badnavirus cacao swollen shoot Ghana M virus (CS...

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Autores principales:	Cory V. Keith, Roberto Ramos-Sobrinho, Jean-Philippe Marelli, Judith K. Brown
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	Caulimoviridae Badnavirus emergent disease tropical tree seamless cloning infectious clone Agriculture S Plant culture SB1-1110
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/138b034cb897498485d583baf029ffba
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:138b034cb897498485d583baf029ffba2021-11-18T09:55:54ZConstruction of an Infectious Clone of the Badnavirus Cacao Swollen Shoot Ghana M Virus and Infectivity by Gene Gun- and Agrobacterium-Mediated Inoculation2673-321810.3389/fagro.2021.774863https://doaj.org/article/138b034cb897498485d583baf029ffba2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fagro.2021.774863/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/2673-3218Cacao swollen shoot disease (CSSD) is a damaging disease of Theobroma cacao L. associated with infection by a group of poorly characterized badnaviral species. To establish causality and characterize the symptomatology associated with infection by the badnavirus cacao swollen shoot Ghana M virus (CSSGMV), an infectious clone (1.3-mer) was constructed and used to inoculated cacao “Amelonado” seedlings by biolistic inoculation (BI; n = 18) and agroinoculation (AI; n = 15). Newly expanded leaves of BI (10/18) and AI (12/15) plants developed foliar mosaic and curling symptoms 30-days post inoculation (dpi), with chlorotic mottling and necrotic crinkling being evident by 90 dpi. By 120 dpi, three of 15 AI plants exhibited characteristic stem-swelling. Viral infection was verified by PCR-amplification and sequencing of a 1068 bp fragment of the CSSGMV ORF3 from newly expanding leaves 60 dpi. The PCR results indicated that 14 of 18 and 15 of 15 BI and AI plants, respectively, were systemically infected. The complete CSSGMV genome sequence was determined, by Illumina sequencing, from representative AI and BI plants and shared >99.5% pairwise nucleotide identity with CSSGMV-Nig9 (GenBank Accession No. MH785299). Based on the development of characteristic CSSD symptoms and recovery of partial and complete genome sequences of CSSGMV-Nig9 from systemically infected cacao plants, Koch's postulates have been fulfilled.Cory V. KeithRoberto Ramos-SobrinhoJean-Philippe MarelliJudith K. BrownFrontiers Media S.A.articleCaulimoviridaeBadnavirusemergent diseasetropical treeseamless cloninginfectious cloneAgricultureSPlant cultureSB1-1110ENFrontiers in Agronomy, Vol 3 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Caulimoviridae Badnavirus emergent disease tropical tree seamless cloning infectious clone Agriculture S Plant culture SB1-1110
spellingShingle	Caulimoviridae Badnavirus emergent disease tropical tree seamless cloning infectious clone Agriculture S Plant culture SB1-1110 Cory V. Keith Roberto Ramos-Sobrinho Jean-Philippe Marelli Judith K. Brown Construction of an Infectious Clone of the Badnavirus Cacao Swollen Shoot Ghana M Virus and Infectivity by Gene Gun- and Agrobacterium-Mediated Inoculation
description	Cacao swollen shoot disease (CSSD) is a damaging disease of Theobroma cacao L. associated with infection by a group of poorly characterized badnaviral species. To establish causality and characterize the symptomatology associated with infection by the badnavirus cacao swollen shoot Ghana M virus (CSSGMV), an infectious clone (1.3-mer) was constructed and used to inoculated cacao “Amelonado” seedlings by biolistic inoculation (BI; n = 18) and agroinoculation (AI; n = 15). Newly expanded leaves of BI (10/18) and AI (12/15) plants developed foliar mosaic and curling symptoms 30-days post inoculation (dpi), with chlorotic mottling and necrotic crinkling being evident by 90 dpi. By 120 dpi, three of 15 AI plants exhibited characteristic stem-swelling. Viral infection was verified by PCR-amplification and sequencing of a 1068 bp fragment of the CSSGMV ORF3 from newly expanding leaves 60 dpi. The PCR results indicated that 14 of 18 and 15 of 15 BI and AI plants, respectively, were systemically infected. The complete CSSGMV genome sequence was determined, by Illumina sequencing, from representative AI and BI plants and shared >99.5% pairwise nucleotide identity with CSSGMV-Nig9 (GenBank Accession No. MH785299). Based on the development of characteristic CSSD symptoms and recovery of partial and complete genome sequences of CSSGMV-Nig9 from systemically infected cacao plants, Koch's postulates have been fulfilled.
format	article
author	Cory V. Keith Roberto Ramos-Sobrinho Jean-Philippe Marelli Judith K. Brown
author_facet	Cory V. Keith Roberto Ramos-Sobrinho Jean-Philippe Marelli Judith K. Brown
author_sort	Cory V. Keith
title	Construction of an Infectious Clone of the Badnavirus Cacao Swollen Shoot Ghana M Virus and Infectivity by Gene Gun- and Agrobacterium-Mediated Inoculation
title_short	Construction of an Infectious Clone of the Badnavirus Cacao Swollen Shoot Ghana M Virus and Infectivity by Gene Gun- and Agrobacterium-Mediated Inoculation
title_full	Construction of an Infectious Clone of the Badnavirus Cacao Swollen Shoot Ghana M Virus and Infectivity by Gene Gun- and Agrobacterium-Mediated Inoculation
title_fullStr	Construction of an Infectious Clone of the Badnavirus Cacao Swollen Shoot Ghana M Virus and Infectivity by Gene Gun- and Agrobacterium-Mediated Inoculation
title_full_unstemmed	Construction of an Infectious Clone of the Badnavirus Cacao Swollen Shoot Ghana M Virus and Infectivity by Gene Gun- and Agrobacterium-Mediated Inoculation
title_sort	construction of an infectious clone of the badnavirus cacao swollen shoot ghana m virus and infectivity by gene gun- and agrobacterium-mediated inoculation
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/138b034cb897498485d583baf029ffba
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Construction of an Infectious Clone of the Badnavirus Cacao Swollen Shoot Ghana M Virus and Infectivity by Gene Gun- and Agrobacterium-Mediated Inoculation

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