Effect of freeze–thaw cycle on physical and mechanical properties and damage characteristics of sandstone

Abstract Rock deterioration under freeze–thaw cycles is a concern for in-service tunnel in cold regions. Previous studies focused on the change of rock mechanical properties under unidirectional stress, but the natural rock mass is under three dimensional stresses. This paper investigates influences...

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Autores principales:	Longxiao Chen, Kesheng Li, Guilei Song, Deng Zhang, Chuanxiao Liu
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/1393ef997aa2477b8f424840093da2c2
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:1393ef997aa2477b8f424840093da2c22021-12-02T14:58:25ZEffect of freeze–thaw cycle on physical and mechanical properties and damage characteristics of sandstone10.1038/s41598-021-91842-82045-2322https://doaj.org/article/1393ef997aa2477b8f424840093da2c22021-06-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-91842-8https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Rock deterioration under freeze–thaw cycles is a concern for in-service tunnel in cold regions. Previous studies focused on the change of rock mechanical properties under unidirectional stress, but the natural rock mass is under three dimensional stresses. This paper investigates influences of the number of freeze–thaw cycle on sandstone under low confining pressure. Twelve sandstone samples were tested subjected to triaxial compression. Additionally, the damage characteristics of sandstone internal microstructure were obtained by using acoustic emission (AE) and mercury intrusion porosimetry. Results indicated that the mechanical properties of sandstone were significantly reduced by freeze–thaw effect. Sandstone’ peak strength and elastic modulus were 7.28–37.96% and 6.38–40.87% less than for the control, respectively. The proportion of super-large pore and large pore in sandstone increased by 19.53–81.19%. We attributed the reduced sandstone’ mechanical properties to the degenerated sandstone microstructure, which, in turn, was associated with increased sandstone macropores. The macroscopic failure pattern of sandstone changed from splitting failure to shear failure with an increasing of freeze–thaw cycles. Moreover, the activity of AE signal increased at each stage, and the cumulative ringing count also showed upward trend with the increase of freeze–thaw number.Longxiao ChenKesheng LiGuilei SongDeng ZhangChuanxiao LiuNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-10 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Longxiao Chen Kesheng Li Guilei Song Deng Zhang Chuanxiao Liu Effect of freeze–thaw cycle on physical and mechanical properties and damage characteristics of sandstone
description	Abstract Rock deterioration under freeze–thaw cycles is a concern for in-service tunnel in cold regions. Previous studies focused on the change of rock mechanical properties under unidirectional stress, but the natural rock mass is under three dimensional stresses. This paper investigates influences of the number of freeze–thaw cycle on sandstone under low confining pressure. Twelve sandstone samples were tested subjected to triaxial compression. Additionally, the damage characteristics of sandstone internal microstructure were obtained by using acoustic emission (AE) and mercury intrusion porosimetry. Results indicated that the mechanical properties of sandstone were significantly reduced by freeze–thaw effect. Sandstone’ peak strength and elastic modulus were 7.28–37.96% and 6.38–40.87% less than for the control, respectively. The proportion of super-large pore and large pore in sandstone increased by 19.53–81.19%. We attributed the reduced sandstone’ mechanical properties to the degenerated sandstone microstructure, which, in turn, was associated with increased sandstone macropores. The macroscopic failure pattern of sandstone changed from splitting failure to shear failure with an increasing of freeze–thaw cycles. Moreover, the activity of AE signal increased at each stage, and the cumulative ringing count also showed upward trend with the increase of freeze–thaw number.
format	article
author	Longxiao Chen Kesheng Li Guilei Song Deng Zhang Chuanxiao Liu
author_facet	Longxiao Chen Kesheng Li Guilei Song Deng Zhang Chuanxiao Liu
author_sort	Longxiao Chen
title	Effect of freeze–thaw cycle on physical and mechanical properties and damage characteristics of sandstone
title_short	Effect of freeze–thaw cycle on physical and mechanical properties and damage characteristics of sandstone
title_full	Effect of freeze–thaw cycle on physical and mechanical properties and damage characteristics of sandstone
title_fullStr	Effect of freeze–thaw cycle on physical and mechanical properties and damage characteristics of sandstone
title_full_unstemmed	Effect of freeze–thaw cycle on physical and mechanical properties and damage characteristics of sandstone
title_sort	effect of freeze–thaw cycle on physical and mechanical properties and damage characteristics of sandstone
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/1393ef997aa2477b8f424840093da2c2
work_keys_str_mv	AT longxiaochen effectoffreezethawcycleonphysicalandmechanicalpropertiesanddamagecharacteristicsofsandstone AT keshengli effectoffreezethawcycleonphysicalandmechanicalpropertiesanddamagecharacteristicsofsandstone AT guileisong effectoffreezethawcycleonphysicalandmechanicalpropertiesanddamagecharacteristicsofsandstone AT dengzhang effectoffreezethawcycleonphysicalandmechanicalpropertiesanddamagecharacteristicsofsandstone AT chuanxiaoliu effectoffreezethawcycleonphysicalandmechanicalpropertiesanddamagecharacteristicsofsandstone
_version_	1718389246107058176

Effect of freeze–thaw cycle on physical and mechanical properties and damage characteristics of sandstone

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